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Video encoding method and apparatus, and video decoding method and apparatusRelated Patent Categories: Pulse Or Digital Communications, Bandwidth Reduction Or Expansion, Television Or Motion Video Signal, Predictive, Motion VectorVideo encoding method and apparatus, and video decoding method and apparatus description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070140348, Video encoding method and apparatus, and video decoding method and apparatus. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of and claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC .sctn.120 from U.S. Ser. No. 10/396,437, filed Mar. 26, 2003 and is based upon and claims the benefit of priority under 35 USC .sctn.119 from the Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-386596, filed Dec. 19, 2001 and No. 2002-97892, filed Mar. 29, 2002, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates to a video encoding method and apparatus and a video decoding method and apparatus with the use of a motion compensated prediction intra frame encoding. [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] As a video compression encoding technique, MPEG 1 (ISO/IEC 11172-2), MPEG2 (ISO/IEC 13818-2), MPEG 4 (ISO/IEC 14496-2) are put to practical use broadly. These video encoding modes are performed by a combination of an intra frame encoding, a forward prediction intra frame encoding, an encoding and a bi-directional prediction interframe encoding. The frames encoded by these encoding modes are called I picture, P picture and B picture. P picture is encoded using as a reference frame P or I picture just before the former P picture. B picture is encoded using as reference frame P or I picture just before and after the B picture. The forward prediction interframe encoding and bi-directional prediction interframe encoding are referred to as a motion compensated prediction interframe encoding. [0006] When the video encoding data based on the MPEG mode is played back in fast-forward, a method that only I picture that the reference frame is not required is played back or a method that only I and P pictures is decoded while skipping B picture using a nature that B picture cannot be used as a reference frame is conventional. However, when only I picture is played back, if the period of I picture is long, a high-speed fast-forward playback can be carried out but a smooth fast-forward playback cannot be carried out. In a fast-forward playback with the use of I and P pictures, since P picture is encoded by an interframe prediction encoding, all I and P pictures must be decoded. For this reasons, it becomes difficult to change a fast-forward speed freely. [0007] In the video encoding of the conventional MPEG mode, B picture is not used as a reference frame. Therefore, in case of the prediction configuration that plural B pictures continue, B picture must be encoded using P picture separating from B picture with respect to a time as a reference frame. This results in a problem that the encoding efficiency of B picture deteriorates. On the other hand, when the decoded B picture is used as a reference frame in P picture, it is necessary to decode all frames including B picture in the fast-forward playback while skipping B picture. As a result, it becomes difficult to perform the fast-forward playback effectively. [0008] As described above, when the video encoded data obtained by the encoding including a motion compensated prediction interframe encoding such as MPEG is played back with a fast-forward, it is difficult to perform a smooth fast-forward playback at a free playback speed in playing back only I picture. When the fast-forward playback is performed with skipping B picture without decoding it, it is difficult to use the decoded B picture as a reference frame. For this reason, there is a problem that the encoding efficiency deteriorates in a prediction configuration that the B pictures continue. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0009] It is an object of the invention is to provide a video encoding and decoding method and apparatus using a motion compensated prediction interframe encoding, that enable a fast-forward playback at a high encoding efficiency and a high degree of freedom in the decoding side. [0010] According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for encoding a video block using reference blocks, comprising assigning the video block to one of a plurality of prediction groups including at least first and second prediction groups; and encoding the video block according to a motion compensated prediction encoding mode, using the reference blocks depending on the one of the prediction groups to which the video block is assigned, one of the reference blocks being a decoded block, wherein the first prediction group is obtained by a prediction using the reference blocks belonging to the first prediction group, and the second prediction group is obtained by a prediction using the reference blocks belonging to at least one of the second prediction group and the first prediction group. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING [0011] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a flow of a main process concerning a motion compensated prediction interframe encoding in a video encoding; [0013] FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a moving image decoding apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0014] FIG. 4 shows a flow of a main process for decoding a result of a motion compensated prediction interframe encoding; [0015] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a motion compensated prediction unit used for a video encoding apparatus and a video decoding apparatus according to the above embodiment; [0016] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of an interframe prediction configuration and reference frame control according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0017] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of an interframe prediction configuration and reference frame control according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0018] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of an interframe prediction configuration and reference memory control according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0019] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of an interframe prediction configuration and reference memory control according to one embodiment of the present invention; [0020] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an interframe prediction configuration and reference memory control according to one embodiment of the present invention; Continue reading about Video encoding method and apparatus, and video decoding method and apparatus... 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