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  Tube bundle heat exchangerUSPTO Application #: 20070181292Title: Tube bundle heat exchanger Abstract: A tube bundle heat exchanger has at least one channel that carries a heating or cooling medium, whereby the tubes of the tube bundle extend essentially axis-parallel to the channel longitudinal axis through the channel. The heating or cooling medium is directed through alternating rings and discs fastened to the respective jacket walls of the channel, in a zigzag pattern as seen in the axial direction of the channel. The channel has an essentially annular cross section. In at least one channel, the rings and discs accommodate and position all the tubes of one channel, each by means of cylindrical recesses, and the perimeter contour of the rings and discs on the medium flow-through side follow the mid-points of the outermost or innermost tube bundle tubes. The perimeter contour includes a web that surrounds all of the outermost or innermost tubes. (end of abstract)
Agent: Alix Yale & Ristas LLP - Hartford, CT, US Inventors: Jiri Jekerle, Klaus-Dieter Rothenpieler USPTO Applicaton #: 20070181292 - Class: 165159000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Heat Exchange, Casing Or Tank Enclosed Conduit Assembly, With Distinct Flow Director In Casing The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070181292. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
[0001] The invention relates to a tube bundle heat exchanger having at least one channel that carries a heating or cooling medium, in particular, a heating gas, whereby the tubes of the tube bundle extend essentially axis-parallel to the channel longitudinal axis through the channel, and the heating or cooling medium is directed through rings and discs, which are arranged on and fastened to the respective jacket walls of the channel in an alternating fashion, in a zigzag pattern as seen in the axial direction of the channel, through the channel which exhibits an essentially annular cross section. [0002] Tube bundle heat exchangers through which various gaseous and/or liquid media flow on the tube and jacket side (channel side) are required for many chemical and petrochemical processes. In conjunction with that, installed on the channel side at certain intervals inside the channel in order to increase the heat transmission coefficient of the heat exchanger and support the tube bundle tubes inside the channel are baffles (rings and discs) that help to create between the baffles a heating or cooling medium flow that is directed transversely to the tube bundle tubes or heating surface tubes. This flow component can act upon the heating surface tubes with pulsating forces such that they are induced to oscillate and, in the worst case, are mechanically loaded by constant oscillation, particularly in the resonant range of the tubes. [0003] The natural frequency of the tubes is primarily determined by the tube diameter, the wall thickness of the tubes and the interval of the support points (tube plates, baffles that support a tube). The oscillation generation frequency of the medium (heating or cooling medium) is dependent on the transverse component of the velocity of the medium and the tube spacing. If the natural frequency of the tubes matches the oscillation generation frequency, it leads to an oscillation resonance with uncontrolled high oscillation amplitudes, and as a result of that, to high mechanical loading of the tubes and a danger of cracks or other mechanical damage. [0004] In technical practice, the danger of a resonant oscillation is usually eliminated with the aid of an oscillation analysis, which should be carried out in accordance with the TEMA (Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association) Standard, for example, or another recognized method. In order to eliminate the resonant oscillation, it is often necessary to stiffen the natural oscillation of the tubes by means of very short support point intervals. Since the edge tubes, i.e., the tubes lying in the area of the outer or inner jacket region, are held by every second baffle and thus on the channel side, the outer tubes of a tube bundle are held by the ring plates or rings and the inner tubes of the tube bundle are held by the discs, the baffle intervals become or would become very close to each other, which leads or would lead to a large pressure loss on the jacket side. [0005] From the brochure "Process Gas Waste Heat Recovery Systems for Ammonia, Methanol, Hydrogen and Coal Gasification Plants," Deutsche Babcock, Babcock-Borsig, page 14, a tube bundle heat exchanger with two gas channels and baffles has become known, in which on the channel side the outer tubes of the tube bundle are held by ring plates and the inner tubes of the tube bundle are held by discs. [0006] The task of the present invention is to create a tube bundle heat exchanger that avoids the disadvantages mentioned above, and to securely support the particular tubes of the tube bundle inside the channel or channels and to prevent oscillation resonances on the tube bundle tubes that can lead to mechanical damage. [0007] The task mentioned above is solved through the characterizing features of patent claim 1. In that regard, the solution provides that in at least one channel, the rings and discs accommodate and position all of the tubes of a channel by means of cylindrical recesses or bores, and the perimeter contour of each of the rings and discs on the medium flow-through side follow the Midpoints of the outermost or innermost tube bundle tubes, whereby the perimeter contour includes a web that surrounds all of the outermost or innermost tubes. [0008] Advantageous designs of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. [0009] Created by means of the inventive solution is a tube bundle heat exchanger that exhibits the following advantages: [0010] all of the tube bundle tubes are securely supported and positioned within the channel, [0011] all of the tubes are supported in such a way that the frequency of the first harmonic oscillation of the tubes is in all cases above the generation frequency of the tubes resulting from the medium flow, and as a result of that, no oscillation resonance occurs on the tube bundle tubes, [0012] despite smaller support intervals of the individual tubes, the medium pressure loss is increased only insignificantly, if at all. [0013] In an advantageous way, the width of the web as the distance between the outer wall of the tube and the perimeter contour is at least partially constant. This means that in the case of the aforesaid regions between the mid-point or the outer wall of the outermost and innermost tubes, the same distance prevails to the perimeter contour, which represents a simplification from the design and manufacturing perspectives. [0014] In an advantageous further development of the invention, the width of the web is between 3 and 10 millimeters. This further development makes it possible for not only the inner and central tubes of the tube bundle to be securely accommodated and positioned, but also the outermost and innermost tubes of the particular channel. In a particularly advantageous further development, the width of the web is made less than 3 millimeters. With this design, a maximum of free passageway cross section of the heating or cooling medium is achieved on the flow-through side of the rings and discs. [0015] Through an at least partially undulating perimeter contour that follows the outer contour of the outermost or innermost tubes, a design of the rings and discs can be achieved that is advantageous in terms of manufacture, a constant flow-through cross section, etc. It can be advantageous, or additionally advantageous, that the perimeter contour runs at least partially parallel to an imaginary line connecting two or more outer or inner tube mid-points. This is advantageous when sufficient flow-through cross section is available at the rings and discs, and the perimeter contour thus does not have to follow each individual tube cross section. [0016] If more than one channel is present inside the tube bundle heat exchanger, two or more channels are arranged concentric to each other. A compact heat exchanger is achieved through this measure. [0017] In an advantageous way, if two or more channels are present, the rings and discs designed with the perimeter contour are arranged in the outer channel or channels. Through this measure, the pressure loss in the heating or cooling medium that is caused by the baffle ring and disc can be kept small. [0018] In an advantageous design, the tubes of the particular tube bundles can be configured as U-tubes or straight tubes. Heat exchangers according to the invention can thus be equipped with tube bundles of varying designs, and can thus be used for the widest variety of applications. [0019] It can be advantageous to design the inventive rings and/or discs with a crescent shape. Particularly in the case of tube bundle heat exchangers with straight tubes (instead of the U-tubes), this leads to a stronger transverse incoming flow of the tubes and thus to greater heat transmission. [0020] In an advantageous design, on the cross-section side the tubes are arranged inside the channel in a spacing or structure with a triangular or square or other geometrical shape. The triangular spacing or structure is particularly advantageous at high pressures in heat exchangers, since a significantly more highly stiffened tube plate can be achieved. Square or other geometrical structures or tube spacings are advantageous for moderate and low pressures. [0021] In the following, embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with the aid of the drawing and the description. [0022] Shown are: [0023] FIG. 1, a longitudinal section through a tube bundle heat exchanger according to a state of the art, [0024] FIG. 2, a longitudinal section through a tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention, [0025] FIG. 3, a partial cross section according to section A-A in FIG. 2, [0026] FIG. 4, a partial cross section according to section B-B in FIG. 2, [0027] FIG. 5, an enlarged detail view C according to FIG. 3, Continue reading... Full patent description for Tube bundle heat exchanger Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Tube bundle heat exchanger patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. 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