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  Preventives/remedies for snore or respiratory disturbances during sleepUSPTO Application #: 20060128605Title: Preventives/remedies for snore or respiratory disturbances during sleep Abstract: Compounds which have an agonist action on a glycine receptor and compounds capable of being present as glycine in living organisms are effective for the prophylaxis or treatment of snoring or respiratory disorders during sleep. Foods and diets which contain such a compound are also effective for the prophylaxis or palliation of snoring or respiratory disorders during sleep. (end of abstract) Agent: Oblon, Spivak, Mcclelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C. - Alexandria, VA, US Inventors: Susumu Shibahara, Ryosei Sakai USPTO Applicaton #: 20060128605 - Class: 514002000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions, Designated Organic Active Ingredient Containing (doai), Peptide Containing (e.g., Protein, Peptones, Fibrinogen, Etc.) Doai The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060128605. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims priority to International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2004/007106, filed on May 19, 2004, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-141124, filed on May 19, 2003, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to agents for the prophylaxis or treatment of snoring or a respiratory disorder during sleep. The present invention also relates to foods and diets effective for the prophylaxis or palliation of snoring or a respiratory disorder during sleep. DISCUSSION OF THE BACKGROUND [0003] Snoring occurs when the airway is constricted or obstructed due to the decreased tension of the muscle of throat or tongue during sleep and the airway mucous membrane of the throat and the like vibrates. The causes of snoring include obesity, drinking, intake of a hypnotic, aging, nasal diseases such as adenoid and the like, disorders in the throat, and the like. Snoring not only disturbs one's housemate's sleep, thus causing trouble for others, but also prevents deep sleep and causes daytime sleepiness, a decline in concentration, activity and memory, and mental instability. Therefore, prevention of snoring is important for ensuring the good sleep of a housemate as well as the snorer, enhancing vitality during daytime, and maintaining good health. [0004] Approximately 10-20% of snorers show an episode of repeated, intermittent sleep apnea (apnea during sleep) and such episodes are clinically referred to as sleep apnea syndrome. Two million latent patients are estimated to be present in Japan alone. [0005] As the etiology of sleep apnea, disorders in the respiratory central nervous system can be mentioned, besides the afore-mentioned airway obstruction. [0006] It is known that snoring and sleep apnea not only prevent daytime activities but also cause traffic accidents due to daytime somnolence, and cause various disorders resulting from the effects of oxygen shortage in the body, which is caused by temporarily interrupted breathing, on the circulatory and central nervous systems. For example, the association of snoring with hypertension, cerebral infarction, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia and sudden death has been pointed out, and they are considered to be diseases that require prevention and treatment. [0007] When snoring and sleep apnea are considered to be associated with obesity, drinking, continued use of a hypnotic-analgesic-tranquilizer and the like, a reform of the subject's lifestyle such as weight loss, nondrinking, withdrawal from hypnotic-analgesic-tranquilizer and the like becomes the primary treatment and prevention. For a more positive treatment, the use of intraoral accessory and a surgical treatment by operation may be employed, though apnea may not be improved in some cases. For a more certain cure, a therapy by feeding air through a nose mask to always maintain positive pressure in the upper airway or CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) has been recently developed, though compliance is not necessarily good. [0008] As a treatment method using a pharmaceutical agent, drugs such as steroids, etc. may be effective as far as snoring and sleep apnea which are caused by inflammation of the airway or allergy. In addition, a hypotensive diuretic (acetazolamide) may be used for the treatment, but the treatment is not necessarily effective. [0009] Moreover, there is a report indicating that pharmaceutical agents that suppress activities of glutamic acid neuron in the central nervous system, namely, inhibitors of glutamic acid receptor or glycine receptor, and antagonists of glutamic acid or glycine are potentially effective for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome (see, WO00/51590), and the effectiveness of riluzole, which is a glutamic acid antagonist, has been confirmed through animal experiments using rats. However, antagonists of glutamic acid or glycine having such efficacy have not been put to practical use in clinical situations and the effectiveness thereof in human has not been confirmed. [0010] Therefore, there remains a need for effective therapeutic drugs, food and the like for snoring and/or sleep apnea. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0011] Accordingly, it is one object of the present invention to provide novel pharmaceutical agents for the prophylaxis or treatment of respiratory disorders during sleep. [0012] It is another object of the present invention to provide novel pharmaceutical agents for preventing or reducing snoring. [0013] It is another object of the present invention to provide novel foods and/or diets for the prophylaxis or palliation of snoring and/or a respiratory disorder during sleep. [0014] It is another object of the present invention to provide novel methods for preventing or reducing snoring. [0015] It is another object of the present invention to provide novel foods and/or diets for preventing or reducing snoring. [0016] These and other objects, which will become apparent during the following detailed description, have been achieved by the inventor's discovery that the administration of glycine suppresses the occurrence of snoring and further suppresses sleep apnea and reduced arterial blood oxygen saturation (SpO.sub.2) due to sleep apnea. This effect can be also achieved by serine which increases, upon metabolism in the body via glycine, the amount of glycine in the body, and peptides and proteins that contain glycine and/or serine as component amino acid(s) in a high ratio. In other words, any compound can express this effect as long as it can be present as glycine in living organisms. This effect can be also achieved by a compound having an agonist action on the glycine receptors (hereinafter to be also referred to as "glycine receptor agonist" ). [0017] The present invention has been completed based on such findings and the confirmation that a compound that can be present as glycine in living organisms (hereinafter to be referred to as "glycine etc.") and glycine receptor agonists can be used for the prophylaxis or treatment of snoring or a respiratory disorder during sleep, and that glycine etc. and glycine receptor agonists can be used for the production of an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of snoring or a respiratory disorder during sleep. [0018] The glycine etc. and glycine receptor agonists can be added to a food or diet for utilization for the prophylaxis or palliation of snoring or a respiratory disorder during sleep. [0019] Accordingly, the present invention provides the following: Continue reading... 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