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Pharmaceutical compositions containing bulbophyllum and their use for treating illnessesRelated Patent Categories: Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions, Plant Material Or Plant Extract Of Undetermined Constitution As Active Ingredient (e.g., Herbal Remedy, Herbal Extract, Powder, Oil, Etc.)Pharmaceutical compositions containing bulbophyllum and their use for treating illnesses description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060280813, Pharmaceutical compositions containing bulbophyllum and their use for treating illnesses. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
[0001] The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing Bulbophyllum, particularly Bulbophyllum neilgherense, and its use for treating illnesses, in particular illnesses of the cardio-vascular system. [0002] There is a considerable need for the development of drugs and medicaments, respectively, having good effectiveness and large indication indexes as well as little or no side effects, to augment the present therapies of cardio-vascular illnesses. [0003] Surprisingly, this object could be successfully achieved by providing the pharmaceutical compositions containing Bulbophyllum described below. [0004] U.S. Pat. No. 4,691,472 relates to the cultivation of Epiphytes, especially orchids. Bulbophyllum is stated as one example of an orchid genus. [0005] So far, Bulbophyllum extracts have only been disclosed in EP-0 627 213. Here, a cosmetic formulation for the promotion of hair growth is described, said formulation containing an extract from orchid plants, i.a. Bulbophyllum. [0006] In the light of this state of the art, it was completely unexpected to discover that the plant species Bulbophyllum shows the pharmacological effects described below, making it especially useful for the treatment of cardio-vascular diseases. [0007] The following description illustrates in detail the pharmacological test results which led to the above conclusions, as well as specific cardiovascular indications. [0008] Bulbophyllum neilgherense is a member of the orchidaceae family. It is an epiphyte that grows on broadleaf trees, more specifically on taller rain forest trees. The rhizome is thick and of creeping growth. The pseudo-bulb is 3-5.times.2-2,5 cm, conicalovate, tapering off in a solitary leaf. This leaf is 4-11.times.1,8-2,2 cm, elliptically-oblonged, narrowed at its base. The flowers are brown, sometimes with a purple shade, and reside in a panicle 7-12 cm long, emanating from the pseudo-bulb's base. The peduncles are 3-4 mm long. The spatheceous bract of the inflorescence is 5-6 mm long, inverted lanceolate. The dorsal sepals are 4-5 mm long, ovate and concave. The lateral sepals are 7-8 cm long, of scimitar-shape, their accreted inner rims forming a concave, cymbiform structure. The petals are 3-3,5 mm long, triangular-ovate. The flower lips are 5-6 mm long, reddish, three-lobed; the middle lobe is prolonged and ovate-lanceolate, the lateral lobes are linear. There are 4 anthers of waxen appearance. The plant is common all over South-West India. [0009] For the drugs according to the present invention predominantly the main part of the plant is used, i.e. the entire bulb without the appending roots and without protruding leaf. [0010] In this description, the term drugs refers to dried or otherwise processed parts of plants (herbal drugs) which are used for medical preparations. Furthermore, it includes certain raw products extracted from these plants (e.g. fatty and ethereal oils, resins, balsams and gums). [0011] Drug preparations which comprise an accumulation of active substances include, but are not limited to: extracts, paints, percolates, mazerates, infusions, pressed juices, decoctions (tea), distillates. Drug ingredients refers to the sum of chemical components that characterize a drug, i.e. therapeutically active substances as well as accompanying or inert substances without innate therapeutical action, such as cellulose, starch, waxes. The latter usually make for the bulk of extra substances. [0012] The plant that is useful for the preparation of drugs can be harvested from its natural habitat, or artificially grafted onto other trees, or grown in green houses. [0013] When working up the plant, conventional techniques can be employed, e.g. purification, milling and drying, as well as stabilization processes. One preferred example of drying techniques is lyophilization. [0014] Due to the fact that neither the plant itself nor the drug deteriorate during long time transports or under the exposure of tropical heat, freeze-drying and processing can be postponed. [0015] The pharmaceutical composition or the drug, respectively, can be prepared in various ways using common techniques, but preferably as triturations with milk sugar or alcoholic extracts. When prepared as alcoholic extracts, the alcohol content by volume is 80 to 100%, preferably 94 to 98%, even more preferred 96%. [0016] The drug content of said extract or said trituration per single dose is preferably 1 ng to 1 mg, even more preferred 10 ng to 1 mg. [0017] Preferably, the drug is administered as 1 to 3 daily doses over a period of 1 to 12 months, preferably 2 to 5 months, more preferred 3 to 4 months. Alternatively, the administration of single doses with intervals of 1 day to 12 months, more preferred 3 to 4 months, can be sufficient to achieve the desired effect according to the present invention. [0018] A person skilled in the art will be able to determine and appropriately adjust the adequate dosage for achieving the optimum therapeutic effect. Pharmaceutical Administration Forms [0019] Pharmaceutical compositions containing Bulbophyllum according to the present invention are prepared and administered according to conventional methods using common pharmaceutical technologies. [0020] For this purpose, the drug, or preferably its extraction or trituration, is processed together with suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and carriers to prepare drug forms that can be used for various indications and application sites. [0021] One important systemic form of application is the peroral application of tablets, hard or soft gelatine capsules, dragees, powders, pellets, micro capsules, oblonged comprimates, granulae, chewing tablets, sucking tablets, chewing gums, sachets, or globuli. [0022] Excipients that are used for the preparation of perorally administered pharmaceutical compositions are e.g. antiadhesives, lubricants and anticaking agents, dispersants, such as flame hydrolyzed disperse silica, disintegrants, such as various types of starches, PVP, cellulose esters acting as granulating agents, such as ceraceous and/or polymeric substances on the basis of Euthragit.TM., cellulose or Cremophor.TM.. [0023] Other ingredients that can be used are antioxidants, sweetening agents, such as saccharose, xylitol or mannite, taste corrigents, flavors, preservatives, colorants, buffers, direct application vehicles, such as microcrystalline cellulose, starch and hydrolyzed starch (e.g. Celutab.TM.), milk sugar, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and dicalcium phosphate, lubricants, fillers, such as lactose and starch, binders consisting of lactose, certain kinds of starch, e.g. wheat, corn or rice starch, cellulose derivatives, such as methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose or siliceous earth, talcum, stearates, such as magnesium stearate, aluminium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, siliconized talc, stearic acid, cetyl alcohol, hydrogenated fats. Continue reading about Pharmaceutical compositions containing bulbophyllum and their use for treating illnesses... 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