| Pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathy -> Monitor Keywords |
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Pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathyRelated Patent Categories: Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions, Designated Organic Active Ingredient Containing (doai), Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Chalcogen (i.e., O,s,se Or Te) Or Nitrogen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms Doai, Five-membered Hetero Ring Containing At Least One Nitrogen Ring Atom (e.g., 1,2,3-triazoles, Etc.), Tetrazoles (including Hydrogenated)Pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathy description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060189669, Pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathy. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathy, which comprises a compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity, or a salt thereof, as an active ingredient. BACKGROUND ART [0002] Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetic complication which is caused by microangiopathy due to hyperglycemia, and the number of diabetic patients suffering from complicated diabetic retinopathy is increasing while the duration of diabetes becomes longer and longer. It is reported that not less than 80% of diabetic patients will suffer from retinopathy coincided with diabetes until two decades will have passed since the development of diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy develops to simple retinopathy, preproliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. In simple retinopathy, increase of vascular permeability, retinal edema, thickening of basement membrane, disorder in vascular endothelial cell, dropout of pericyte, etc. are observed. When deterioration of retinal potential (visual function) followed by vascular obstruction is observed, preproliferative retinopathy is diagnosed, which finally develops to proliferative retinopathy in which connective tissue membrane proliferation and neovascularization are observed. Proliferative retinopathy is, in some cases, accompanied by retinal detachment. The patients feel no subjective symptom to proliferative retinopathy. Therefore, when they have felt abnormality in the eyes, it is too late in many cases. Thus, it is very important to prevent or treat retinopathy or inhibit the development thereof in an early stage. Further, diabetic retinopathy is the primary cause of adult-onset blindness, and it induces a serious social problem in view of comfortable social life. [0003] As the main treatments of diabetic retinopathy at present, photocoagulation using laser is done when neovascularization is observed in funduscopy, or a vitrectomy is done when diabetes has been developed with fibloblast membrane proliferation and retinal detachment observed. However, treatment by photocoagulation or a vitrectomy is in some cases impossible depending on the site affected by the disease, and in other cases, vision has not been restored even if the surgical treatment is succeeded. Under these circumstances, development of a pharmaceutical composition capable of treating diabetic retinopathy in an early stage is desired. [0004] The compounds having angiotensin II antagonistic activities are known as agents for treating circulatory diseases such as hypertension, cardiac diseases (e.g., cardiomegaly, cardiac failure, cardiac infraction, etc.), cerebral hemorrhage, nephritis, etc. (refer to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 4-364171/1992 etc.). It is believed that the mechanism of action of such a compound would be actuated by inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II having a strong vasoconstriction to an angiotensin II receptor. [0005] Diabetic patients have complicated hypertension at a higher frequency than non-diabetic patients, and hypertension is one of significantly critical factors for causing the onset and development of retinopathy. The diabetic patients with complicated retinopathy have higher blood levels of angiotensin-converting enzymes capable of producing angiotensin II having strong vasoconstriction than non-diabetic patients, and out of the diabetic patients, the patients having proliferative retinopathy tend to have higher blood levels of such enzymes than the patients without proliferative retinopathy. [0006] Recently, researches for elucidating the pathology of diabetic retinopathy have been advanced, and it is believed that a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which exhibits potential endothelial cell growing action and vascular permeability increasing action, would induce proliferative retinopathy which is an terminal symptom of diabetic retinopathy, because of its physiological actions, an increase in the vitreous VEGF level of the patients with proliferative retinopathy, and increase of expression of VEGF on the retina of animal models. VEGF also has potential vascular permeability increasing action, and VEGF is considered to cause retinal edema observed in simple retinopathy or preproliferative retinopathy. It is reported that an individual renin-angiotensin system is found in the retina, and it becomes an evident that angiotensin II accelerates the production of VEGF in the retinal tissue. These facts suggest that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in diabetic retinopathy. DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION [0007] The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition useful for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy or preproliferative retinopathy. [0008] Under the foregoing circumstances, the present inventors have intensively researched pharmaceutical compositions useful for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy or preproliferative retinopathy, and as a result, found that the use of a compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity, particularly a compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity of a specific formula is very effective to not only improve retinal potential (visual function) and retinal edema (disorder in tissue) but also prevent, treat or development-inhibit simple retinopathy or preproliferative retinopathy. They have further progressively researched based on the above findings, and accomplished the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to the following. [0009] (1) A pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy or preproliferative retinopathy, which comprises the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity (the compound having angiotensin II receptor antagonistic activity) or prodrug thereof, or a salt thereof; (2) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is a non-peptide compound; (3) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is a compound having an oxygen atom in its molecule; (4) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is a compound having an ether linkage or a carbonyl group; [0010] (5) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is a compound of the formula (I): wherein R.sup.1 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group capable of converting thereinto, X shows that the phenylene group and the phenyl group bind to each other directly or through a spacer having an atomic chain length of 2 or less, n is an integer of 1 or 2, the ring A is a benzene ring having an optional substitution, in addition to the group R.sup.2, R.sup.2 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group capable of converting thereinto, and R.sup.3 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue which may bind through a hetero-atom; (6) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is Losartan, Eprosartan, Candesartan, Candesartan cilexetil, Valsartan, Telmisartan, Irbesartan or Tasosartan; (7) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]benzimidazole-7-ca- rboxylic acid; (8) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is 1-(cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]benzimidazole-7-ca- rboxylate; (9) the composition of the above (1), wherein the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is 2-ethoxy-1-[[2'-(2,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]met- hyl]benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid; and (10) the composition of the above (1), which is an agent for improving a retinal potential or retinal edema. [0011] In the present specification, the angiotensin II antagonistic activity is to inhibit competitively or non-competitively binding of angiotensin II to the angiotensin II receptors on the cellular membrane so as to reduce potent vasoconstrictive action or vascular smooth muscle proliferation action induced by angiotensin II and to ameliorate the symptom of hypertension. [0012] The compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity to be used for the present invention may be either a peptide compound or a non-peptide compound. In view of the advantage of long action, a non-peptide compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity is preferable. As the compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity, a compound having an oxygen atom in its molecule is preferable, a compound having an ether linkage or a carbonyl group (said carbonyl group may form a hydroxyl group by resonance) is more preferable, a compound having an ether linkage or a ketone derivative is further preferable, and in particular, an ether derivative is preferable. [0013] Any non-peptide compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity can be used for the present invention. Examples of said compounds include imidazole derivatives disclosed in Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 71073/1981, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 71074/1981, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 98270/1982, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 157768/1983, U.S. Pat. No. 4,355,040, U.S. Pat. No. 4,340,598, etc.; modified imidazole derivatives disclosed in EP-253310, EP-291969, EP-324377, EP-403158, WO-9100277, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 23868/1988, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 117876/1989, etc.; pyrrole, pyrazole and triazole derivatives disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,183,899, EP-323841, EP-409332, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 287071/1989, in etc.; benzimidazole derivatives disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,880,804, EP-0392317, EP-0399732, EP-0400835, EP-425921, EP-459136, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 63264/1991, etc.; azaindene derivatives disclosed in EP-399731, etc.; pyrimidone derivatives disclosed in EP-407342, etc.; quinazoline derivatives disclosed in EP-411766, etc.; xanthine derivatives disclosed in EP-430300, etc.; fused imidazole derivatives disclosed in EP-434038, etc.; pyrimidinedione derivatives disclosed in EP-442473, etc.; thienopyridone derivatives disclosed in EP-443568, etc.; heterocyclic compounds disclosed in EP-445811, EP-483683, EP-518033, EP-520423, EP-588299, EP-603712, etc. In addition, their representative compounds are described in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 39, No. 3, pages 625-656 (1996). As the non-peptide compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity, any one in addition to the compounds described in the above-mentioned references can be employed as far as it has angiotensin II antagonistic activity. Among others, Losartan (DuP753), Eprosartan (SK&F108566), Candesartan cilexetil (TCV-116), Valsartan (CGP-48933), Telmisartan (BIBR277), Irbesartan (SR47436), Tasosartan (ANA-756), their active metabolites (Candesartan, etc.), etc. are preferable. [0014] Preferred examples of the non-peptide compound having angiotensin II antagonistic activity include, for example, a benzimidazole derivative of the formula (I): wherein R.sup.1 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group capable of converting thereinto, X shows that the phenylene group and the phenyl group bind to each other directly or through a spacer having an atomic chain length of 2 or less, n is an integer of 1 or 2, the ring A is a benzene ring having an optional substitution, in addition to the group R.sup.2, R.sup.2 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group capable of converting thereinto, and R.sup.3 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue which may bind through a hetero-atom (preferably, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue which binds through an oxygen atom), etc., or a salt thereof. [0015] In the above formula (I), the group capable of forming an anion (a group having a hydrogen atom capable of leaving as a proton) as R.sup.1 include, for example, (1) a carboxyl group, (2) a tetrazolyl group, (3) a trifluoromethanesulfonic acid amido group (--NHSO.sub.2CF.sub.3), (4) a phosphono group, (5) a sulfo group, (6) an optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered (preferably 5- to 6-membered) monocyclic heterocyclic ring residue which contains one or more of N, S and O, etc. Examples of the above "optionally substituted 5- to 7-membered (preferably 5- to 6-membered) monocyclic heterocyclic ring residue which contains one or more of N, S and O" include etc. The chemical bond between the heterocyclic ring residue represented by R.sup.1 and the phenyl group to which said heterocyclic ring residue binds may be a carbon-carbon bond as shown above, or a nitrogen-carbon bond via one of the several nitrogen atoms when the symbol g is --NH--, etc. in the above formulas. [0016] For example, when R.sup.1 is represented by the formula: [0017] its specific embodiments are Other examples of R.sup.1 binding through a nitrogen atom include [0018] In the above formula, g is --CH.sub.2--, --NH--, --O-- or --S(O)m-; >=Z, >=Z' and >=Z'' are independently a carbonyl group, a thiocarbonyl group or an optionally oxidized sulfur atom (e.g., S, S(O), S(O).sub.2, etc.) (preferably a carbonyl group or a thiocarbonyl group, more preferably carbonyl group); and m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2. Continue reading about Pharmaceutical composition for preventing, treating or development-inhibiting simple retinopathy and preproliferative retinopathy... 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