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Para-coumaric acid or para-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and their use in cosmetic or dermatological compositionsRelated Patent Categories: Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions, Bleach For Live Hair Or Skin (e.g., Peroxides, Etc.)Para-coumaric acid or para-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and their use in cosmetic or dermatological compositions description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070183996, Para-coumaric acid or para-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and their use in cosmetic or dermatological compositions. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
[0001] This application claims priority from French patent application serial number 0511364, filed Nov. 8, 2005. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates essentially to the use of at least one pare coumaric (also referred to as "p-coumaric" acid derivative as an active agent for the manufacture of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical, and especially a dermatological or topical composition, with depigmenting activity or with an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis, and/or with antiradical and/or antiinflammatory activity. [0003] The invention also covers cosmetic compositions or pharmaceutical and especially dermatological compositions, thus obtained, with depigmenting activity or with an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis, and/or with antiradical and/or antiinflammatory activity. [0004] The invention also covers a cosmetic care process or a therapeutic depigmentation treatment process using p-coumaric acid derivatives as depigmenting active agents. [0005] The invention also covers a cosmetic care process or a therapeutic treatment process for obtaining an antiradical and/or antiinflammatory effect using the abovementioned p-coumaric acid derivatives. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0006] To combat solar radiation, the skin has differentiated cells that are particularly suited to this function: the melanocytes. In the course of a complex process, melanogenesis, these cells manufacture melanin, a dark pigment which has the effect of protecting the skin structures and of increasing the time required to contract a solar erythema. However, not all melanins are protective. In particular, there exists one form of melanin, known as phaeomelanin, that is extremely phototoxic. Like all melanins, it is capable of reacting with certain forms of free radicals, but it can also cause the formation of free radicals that are even more toxic, and which are liable to cause irreversible damage to the genetic material of keratinocytes. Moreover, certain disorders associated with dysfunction of the melanization unit are liable to cause hyperpigmentation, which is occasionally particularly unsightly. [0007] Thus, the use of melanin synthesis inhibitors is particularly advantageous in cosmetology, not only for applications in which true depigmentation is desired, as in the case of the bleaching of highly pigmented skin or the inhibition of hyperpigmentation in certain unaesthetic aspects, for example, but also for applications for lightening the complexion and for giving luminosity to the skin and radiance to the surface tissues. This inhibition of melanin synthesis may also be particularly advantageous in the context of therapeutic treatment for treating a true pathology. [0008] para-Coumaric or para-hydroxycinnamic acids have been described as inhibitors of melanin production in numerous studies. However, these substances do not make it possible to obtain significant inhibitory effects on melanin synthesis. This excessively weak activity does not make it possible to obtain strong enough effects and these substances are thus little used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical topical applications for effectively combating unsightly pigmentations. [0009] The prior art mentions in particular the use of vitamin C (or derivatives thereof) or kojic acid (or derivatives thereof) for inhibiting tyrosinase, but these molecules are either cytotoxic at the concentration used, or of little efficacy. It is known practice in particular to use ferulic acid or caffeic acid as depigmenting agent in cosmetic compositions. However, these compositions are not entirely satisfactory as regards the efficacy of the depigmenting action. [0010] Thus, an aim of the present invention is essentially to solve the technical problem that consists in providing a depigmenting agent that is more active than those currently used, such as caffeic acid or ferulic acid. [0011] Another aim of the present invention is also to provide compositions using these depigmenting agents, cosmetic care methods and/or pharmaceutical treatment methods using these depigmenting agents, and also the use of these depigmenting agents to exert antiradical and/or antiinflammatory activity. [0012] A further aim of the present invention is also to provide compositions whose active compounds are extracted from plants. [0013] Yet a further aim of the present invention is also to provide compositions that can be applied topically. [0014] An additional aim of the present invention is also to provide depigmenting agents for combating skin hyperpigmentation, especially for aesthetic purposes, mainly when the skin has at least one hyperpigmented localized area. [0015] A further aim of the present invention is to solve the technical problems mentioned above in a safe and reliable way and especially while avoiding undesirable side effects, particularly in human beings, for example by reducing the cytotoxicity of the active agents used. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0016] The present invention solves the problems mentioned above through the synthesis of novel chemical derivatives of para-coumaric acid, in particular of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, or even hybrid derivatives of these two molecules in certain cases. The inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis of these novel derivative molecules thus described is extremely strong, the toxicological profile of these molecules is perfect for cosmetic and dermopharmaceutical applications, and the incorporation of these substances into cosmetic or pharmaceutical formulations is possible without any major problems being encountered. These substances are thus entirely suitable in the context of cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. [0017] Moreover, by comparing the depigmenting effect of the substances obtained in accordance with the present invention, which in one preferred embodiment are pare coumaric acid derivatives grafted onto tyramine, dopamine or tyrosol derivatives, with the effect of compounds derived from para-coumaric acid, such as caffeic acid or ferulic acid as a mixture with tyramine, dopamine or tyrosol, it was unexpectedly found that the activity of the compounds of the present invention is markedly superior with reference to said mixture. [0018] Thus, the present invention relates to the use of an effective amount of at least one compound derived from para-coumaric acid of general formula (I) below: in which: Z represents an oxygen or an --NH-- group; X and Y are identical and each represent a CH group (cis or trans) or CH.sub.2 group; n is a number, preferably an integer, ranging from 1 to 12; Ra and Rb are identical or different, preferably identical, and represent a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched acyl group, preferably of C1-12, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, preferably of C1-12; a salified or non-salified sulfonyl group (SO.sub.3H); or a salified or non-salified phosphonate group (PO.sub.3H.sub.2); ORa and/or ORb possibly being in the presence of a base in dissociated form, for example in a form O--Na+; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 represent, independently of each other: a hydrogen atom; a hydroxyl group; a halogen atom; a salified or non-salified acid function; an aldehyde function; an amide function; an amine function (primary, secondary or tertiary) in basic or salified form; a cyano group; a thiol group; a nitro group; a sugar (O-heteroside); a linear or branched alkoxide group, preferably of C1-12; a linear or branched alkyl chain, preferably of C1-12; a linear or branched alkenyl chain, preferably of C1-12; a linear or branched thioalkyl chain, preferably of C1-12; a linear or branched alkoxy chain, preferably of C1-12; an alkenyloxy chain, preferably of C1-12; a salified or non-salified sulfate group; a salified or non-salified sulfonyl group; a salified or non-salified phosphonate group; a salified or non-salified phosphate group; a silanol group; in which the carbon-based chains, preferably of C1-C12, may be substituted; as active principle in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition is applied topically. The term "effective amount" as used herein means an amount of the compound or composition sufficient to significantly induce a positive benefit, including independently or in combinations the benefits disclosed herein. [0019] Advantageously, the compounds used are the trans compounds, although the invention also covers the cis compounds or a cis/trans mixture, which preferably comprises a larger amount of trans compounds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0020] In the text hereinbelow, the groups identified generally (Ra, Rb, R1, R2, etc.) refer to any formula comprising the said groups, and especially to the general formula I. Thus, all combinations that may be made from the advantageous embodiments are covered by the present invention. Continue reading about Para-coumaric acid or para-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and their use in cosmetic or dermatological compositions... 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