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Oceanic layers modification methods, apparatus, systems and applications

Oceanic layers modification methods, apparatus, systems and applications description/claims

This application is a continuation-in-part application of Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Serial No. PCT/US2006/037912, entitled “Ocean Layers Modification Methods, Apparatus, Systems and Applications”, to Philip W. Kithil, filed on Sep. 27, 2006, designating the U.S., and the specification and claims thereof are incorporated herein by reference.

This application claims priority to and the benefit of the filing of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/720,864, filed on Sep. 27, 2005, entitled “Wave-driven Self-deploying Deep Water Pump and Application to an Ocean Thermocline System” to Philip W. Kithil. This application also claims priority to and the benefit of the filing of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/741,006, filed on Nov. 29, 2005, entitled “Wave-Driven Self Deploying Deep Water Pump and Application to an Ocean Thermocline Modification System” to Philip W. Kithil. Both of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.

Not Applicable.

Not Applicable.

Not Applicable.

1. Field of the Invention (Technical Field)

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method, apparatus, and system employing multiple units of the apparatus, and applications of the system, to alter the temperature and other characteristics of various layers including the surface layer of large bodies of water. Particularly, embodiments of the present invention relate to a method, apparatus, and system employing multiple units of the apparatus, and applications of the system, which alters the upper layers including the surface layer of large bodies of water by moving water from one or more deeper layers toward the upper layers and/or surface layer thereof. Alternatively, embodiments of the present invention relate to a method, apparatus, and system employing multiple units of the apparatus, and applications of the system, which alter the temperature and other characteristics of large bodies of water by moving water from the upper layers or surface layer toward one or more deeper layers thereof. The other characteristics of the water may include but are not limited to chemical or biochemical constituents, oxygen content, other gas content, particulate matter, living organisms, expired organisms, and other suspended or dissolved components in the body of water.

2. Description of Related Art

Note that the following discussion refers to a number of publications by author(s) and year of publication, and that due to recent publication dates certain publications are not to be considered as prior art vis-a-vis the present invention. Discussion of such publications herein is given for more complete background and is not to be construed as an admission that such publications are prior art for patentability determination purposes.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 2002 0008155 by Herbert Uram, dated Jan. 24, 2002, entitled a “Method and System For Hurricane Control,” proposes a method and system for inhibiting or weakening the formation of hurricanes, by detecting the onset of a hurricane in a region of open water and immediately cooling the surface water in the open water region. In the described preferred embodiments of that application, the surface water is cooled by using one or more nuclear-powered submarines to pump cooler water at a depth in the open water region to the surface of the open water region.” This invention requires the detection at the onset of formation, while the hurricane is supposedly physically compact enough for several submarines to provide the pumping of cool deep water. That invention, however, requires that the size of a hurricane at its onset (assuming this is detectable and can be differentiated from other weather patterns) is orders of magnitude larger in geographic area than could be affected by even the entire US fleet of submarines. Further, there is no assurance that this proposed method would entirely erase an incipient hurricane, which possibly could re-generate if the weather system moves over warmer water. Therefore, a method and system is needed to reduce the hurricane intensity once it is formed and is heading for occupied land, ocean oil rigs, or other valuable structures.

Other efforts have been undertaken to diminish hurricane intensity, as cited in the following news article published electronically on Sep. 21, 2005 by MSN.com: “DENVER—It sounds like a great idea: Let's just blast hurricanes like Rita and Katrina out of the sky before they hurt more people. Or, at least weaken the storms and steer them away from cities. Atmospheric scientists say it's wishful thinking that we could destroy or even influence something as huge and powerful as a hurricane. They abandoned such a quest years ago after more than two decades of inconclusive government-sponsored research. Private companies have conducted tests on a much smaller scale, but have made little progress despite initially claiming to erase storm clouds from the atmosphere. “It would be like trying to move a car with a pea shooter,” said hydrometeorologist Matthew Kelsch of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder. “The amount of energy involved in a hurricane is far greater that anything we're going to impart to it.”

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