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Novel mineral compositionRelated Patent Categories: Stock Material Or Miscellaneous Articles, Structurally Defined Web Or Sheet (e.g., Overall Dimension, Etc.), Continuous And Nonuniform Or Irregular Surface On Layer Or Component (e.g., Roofing, Etc.), Particulate Matter, CoatedNovel mineral composition description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070104923, Novel mineral composition. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION [0001] This patent application is a continuation-in-part of applicant's copending patent application Ser. No. 11/266,833, filed on Nov. 4, 2005. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] A mineral composition comprised of at least 50 weight percent of calcium carbonate and from about 0.1 to about 1 weight percent of a pigmented material; the composition has superior granule adhesion properties as measured by ASTM Standard Test D 4977-03. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] Roofing shingles are comprised of a headlap portion and a butt portion; granules are often used in the headlap portion. Reference may be had, e.g., to U.S. Pat. No. 3,921,358 (a composite asphalt-impregnated felt roofing shingle comprising a rectangular sheet having a headlap portion and a butt portion), 4,717,614 (a shingle whose headlap portion is coated with a layer of asphaltic material), 4,900,589 (a process for applying granules to a moving sheet having a headlap area and a butt area for making a shingle roofing product), 6,358,305 (a process of preparing a darkened headlap for a roofing shingle), and the like. The entire disclosure of each of these United States patents is hereby incorporated by reference into this specification. [0004] Many abrasive materials, and many roofing granules (such as headlap granules), are made from slag. Processes for making granules from slag are well known. Reference may be had, e.g., to U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,615,329, 4,358,415 (method for producing granules form molten metallurgical slags), U.S. Pat. No. 4,374,645 (process for granulation of slag), U.S. Pat. No. 4,758,260 (process and device for producing granulated slag sand from blast furnace slag), U.S. Pat. No. 4,909,837 (process for granulating molten slag), U.S. Pat. No. 6,803,016 (device for atomizing and granulating liquid slags), and the like. [0005] Roofing granules made from coal slag are also well known. Coal slag, and its properties have been widely described in the patent literature. Reference may be had, e.g., to U.S. Pat. No. U.S. Pat. No. 3,995,079 (artificial turf-like product), U.S. Pat. No. 4,174,974 (process for converting coal slag into Portland cement), U.S. Pat. No. 4,576,638 (process for the production of ferromanganese), U.S. Pat. No. 4,629,506 (process for the production of ferrochromium), U.S. Pat. No. 4,971,615 (method and means for producing mineral wool), U.S. Pat. No. 5,211,895 (molding process for forming a concrete block) U.S. Pat. No. 5,337,824 (coal slag universal fluid), U.S. Pat. No. 5,405,648 (coating particulate material with a polymer film), U.S. Pat. No. 5,439,056 (coal slag solidification of drilling fluid), U.S. Pat. No. 5,681,361 (method of making an abrasive article), U.S. Pat. No. 6,001,185 (method for treatment of heavy metal contamination), U.S. Pat. No. 6,007,590 (method of making a foraminous abrasive article), U.S. Pat. No. 6,109,913 (method for disposing of waste dust), and the like. [0006] Coal slag is also often referred to as "Cyclone Boiler Slag," "Cyclone Bottom Ash," "Bottom Ash," "Slag Residue," "Black Jack," etc. Granules made from such coal slag often contain substantial amounts of toxic metals, such as, e.g., arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver. The concentrations of these metals in a particular matrix may be measured by well known methods such as, e.g., the "Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure" (TCLP), which is described, e.g., in EPA method SW 846-1311. [0007] Heavy metals (such as arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver) are found to contaminate ground water and, when consumed via drinking water and certain injected foods, they accumulate over time in the human body tissue. [0008] Essential metals are required by all organisms in small quantities in order to accomplish specific catalytic functions. However, at levels exceeding these requirements, both essential and non-essential metals can disturb metabolism by binding non-specifically to biomolecules and by inflicting oxidative damage due to their ability to catalyse redox reactions. This can result in the deactivation of essential enzymatic reactions, damage to cellular structures (especially membranes), and DNA modification (mutagenesis). In humans, exposure to high levels of metals can cause acute toxicity symptoms, while long-term exposure to lower levels can trigger allergies and even cancers. In all organisms, uptake, localization, cytoplasmic concentration, and targeting of micronutrient metals must be tightly controlled in order to meet nutritional needs while avoiding damage. Any non-essential metals that enter organisms by virtue of their chemical similarity to nutrient ions must be detoxified and/or excreted. [0009] Metals tend to accumulate in animals and plants. They enter aquatic organisms through body and respiratory surfaces, and by ingestion of particulate matter and water. Toxicity manifests as impairment of metabolic function, with possible changes to the distribution and abundance of populations. Sublethal effects may include changes in morphology, physiology, biochemistry, behavior and reproduction. Massive fish kills can occur when aluminum and iron are mobilized with drainage from acid sulfate soils. The extent of metal uptake, toxicity and bioaccumulation varies depending on the organism, and can be modified by temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and the concentrations of other metals in solution. Accumulation of metals by aquatic organisms (e.g., bivalves and crabs can be a useful indicator of the presence of metals in biologically available forms. If metal levels in organisms are too high for human consumption, shell-fishing waters are closed. [0010] Coal slag and roofing granules made therefrom, are believed to contain one or more of the aforementioned heavy metals. It is not known to what extent, if any, coal slag particles that are disposed within a biological organism degrade and release either heavy metals and/or other contaminants to the biological organism. [0011] It is known, however, that many products derived from coal, such as coal tar, contain substantial amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). As is disclosed in an article by D. James Fitzgerald et al., "Application of Benzo(a)pyrene and Coal Tar Tumor Dose--Response Data to a Modified Benchmark Dose Method of Guideline Development," Environmental Health Perspectives, Volume 112, Number 14, October, 2004, pages 1341-1346, "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . . . are found at a variety of contaminated sites throughout the world from industries such as coal gasification, coke production . . . and cresoste and asphalt production. Some PAHs, for example the well-studied benzo(a)pyrene . . . , are mutagenic and carcinogenic in experimental animals and probably in humans also . . . ." (See page 1341.) [0012] It is an object of this invention to provide granular materials that can function as headlap granules that contain less than about 100 parts per million of leachable heavy metals via EPA method SW 846-1311 but that have good adhesion properties when incorporated into a roofing shingle. [0013] It is another object of this invention to provide granular materials that can function of headlap granules that do not contain any polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons but that have good adhesion properties when incorporated into a roofing shingle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0014] In accordance with this invention, and in one embodiment thereof, there is provided a mineral composition comprised of at least about 90 weight percent of headlap granules, at least about 50 weight percent of calcium carbonate, from about 0.1 to about 1.0 weight percent of a pigmented material, less than about 100 parts per million of a metal selected from the group consisting from the group consisting of arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver, and less than about 100 parts per million of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, wherein said mineral composition, when tested in accordance with by ASTM Standard Test D 4977-03, loses less than 5 grams of material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0015] The invention will be described by reference to the following drawings, in which like numerals refer to like elements, and wherein: [0016] FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of one preferred process of the invention; [0017] FIG. 2 is a schematic of a test apparatus for determining the hydrophobicity of the coated particles of this invention; and [0018] FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of another preferred process of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Continue reading about Novel mineral composition... Full patent description for Novel mineral composition Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Novel mineral composition patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. 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