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Novel dispersantsRelated Patent Categories: Solid Anti-friction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant Or Separant Compositions For Moving Solid Surfaces, And Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, Lubricants Or Separants For Moving Solid Surfaces And Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions (e.g., Water Containing, Etc.), Organic Nitrogen CompoundNovel dispersants description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070027046, Novel dispersants. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a composition containing novel dispersants. The invention further relates a process for the preparation of the dispersants and their use in various applications including in an oil of lubricating viscosity, liquid fuel or in oil-field applications. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The use of dispersants in a wide variety of lubricants, fuels and oil field applications is known. Many of the known dispersants are based on polyisobutylene succinimides derived from polyalkyleneamines (also known as HPAX.TM.). Typically the dispersants are useful for soot or sludge control in fuels or lubricants. In oil field applications, the dispersants are useful for asphaltene control. [0003] However, many of the dispersants are not appropriate in several applications and there are technical difficulties making the succinimide dispersants because known processes employ aromatic solvent/diluent systems that have low flash points. The low flash points typically result in the dispersants being made by processes that may not be as efficient and/or having increased flammability risks. This restricts possible processes to prepare succinimide dispersants. Examples of such systems are taught in International Publication WO 98/12282 A1, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,279,626; 3,658,494; and 6,408,812. In principle higher aromatic compounds with higher flash points may be used. However, many of these aromatic compounds have toxicity issues such as carcinogenicity. [0004] Other dispersant systems contemplated include those disclosed in International Publication WO 04/090080 and British patent GB 1,506,786. [0005] British patent GB 1,506,786 discloses an oil composition containing a dispersant which is the reaction product of an alk(en)yl succinic acid or anhydride with an alkylene imine. The dispersant is prepared in a non-polar solvent including xylene, toluene, benzene and hexane. [0006] U.S. Pat. No. 4,938,885 disccloses an antioxidant dispersant polymer dendrimer derived from succinimide poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. [0007] U.S. Pat. No. 6,228,978 discloses lubricant compositions containing a dispersant derived from reacting a polyolefin with a diaminoalkane with acrylonitrile. [0008] International Publication WO 04/090080 discloses a method of preparing a fuel emulsion containing a hydrocarbon fuel, a fuel-soluble surfactant with a hydrocarbyl substituent of number average molecular of at least 590 and a hydrophilic moiety having acidic or basic functionality. The emulsion further comprises an aqueous phase complementary to the hydrophilic moiety. A suitable surfactant includes the reaction product of 12-hydroxystearic acid with a polyethyleneimine. [0009] In some applications, for example, in an internal combustion engine, many of the conventional succinimide dispersants, whilst providing soot and/or sludge control, are believed to be detrimental to fuel efficiency and/or seal compatability. Furthermore it would be useful if a dispersant/detergent additive could provide dispersant properties in lubricants with various levels of sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur content. [0010] Therefore it would be advantageous to have a dispersant/detergent additive capable of providing improved fuel economy and/or seal compatability. Improving fuel economy will help to reduce effect of sulphur and/or phosphorus moieties, NO.sub.x and particulate emissions. Further, as sulphur and/or phosphorus moieties (known to poison NO.sub.x catalysts or other after-treatment devices) are reduced, the performance of said catalysts increases due to less poisoning. [0011] The present invention overcomes at least one of the difficulties highlighted in the prior art. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0012] The present invention provides a composition comprising: [0013] (a) a hydrocarbon fluid; and [0014] (b) a dispersant/detergent comprising the structure of Formula (1):(E).sub.p-Z Formula (1) wherein [0015] Z is a residue of a polyamine or polyimine; [0016] E is (i) a residue of a polyester having a free carboxylic acid group, or [0017] (ii) a residue of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent, with the proviso that if E is the residue of the hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent, Z is a polyimine and the composition has a phosphorus content of 0 ppm to 650 ppm; and [0018] p is at least one, typically with upper limits of 2000 or 1000. [0019] In one embodiment the present invention provides a composition comprising: [0020] (a) a hydrocarbon fluid; and [0021] (b) a dispersant/detergent comprising the structure of Formula (1): [0022] (E).sub.p-Z Formula (1) Continue reading about Novel dispersants... Full patent description for Novel dispersants Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Novel dispersants patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. 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