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Method and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplastyRelated Patent Categories: Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, Or Aids And Accessories Therefor, Implantable Prosthesis, Bone, Joint Bone, Hip Joint Bone, Femoral Joint HeadMethod and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070213833, Method and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/952,301, filed on Sep. 28, 2004, published as U.S. Patent Application Publication No. U.S. 2005/0043810, which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/992,639, filed on Nov. 6, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,860,903, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/558,044, filed on Apr. 26, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,676,706, the disclosures of which are hereby explicitly incorporated by reference herein. BACKGROUND [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates to total hip arthroplasty, and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty. [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] Orthopedic procedures for the replacement of all, or a portion of, a patient's joint have been developed over the last 30 years. Currently, the procedures used to prepare the bone and seat the implants are generally referred to as open procedures. For the purpose of this discussion, the term open procedure will refer to a procedure wherein an incision is made through the skin and underlying tissue to fully expose a large portion of the particular joint surface. In the case of a total hip arthroplasty, the typical incision required is approximately 25 centimeters (10 inches) long. After the initial incision in the skin, the internal wound may be enlarged in order to fully expose the areas to be prepared. While this approach provides surgeons with an excellent view of the bone surface, the underlying damage to the soft tissue, including the muscles, can lengthen a patient's rehabilitation time after surgery. While the implants may be well fixed at the time of surgery, it may be several weeks or perhaps months before the soft tissues violated during surgery can fully heal. SUMMARY [0006] The present invention provides an improved method and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty. A total hip arthroplasty can be performed in accordance with the teachings of the current invention utilizing two incisions, with the size of each of the wounds developed on the surface being substantially constant throughout the depth of the wound. The first incision is an anterior incision approximately 3.75-5 centimeters (1.5-2 inches) in length made in line with the femoral neck and the central axis of the acetabulum. The second incision is a posterior incision approximately 2.5-3.75 centimeters (1-1.5 inches) positioned to be generally in axial alignment with the femoral shaft. Access from the posterior incision to the femoral shaft is provided by a tubular retractor. [0007] The femoral head is severed from the femoral shaft and removed through the anterior incision. The acetabular cup is placed in the acetabulum through the anterior incision, while the posterior incision is used to prepare the femoral shaft to receive a femoral stem. After preparation of the femoral shaft, a trial reduction is performed, with a provisional femoral neck and provisional femoral head being operably positioned through the anterior incision. Once the trial reduction is satisfactorily completed, the hip is dislocated and the provisional head and neck are removed. A final femoral stem is then inserted through the posterior incision and positioned in the femoral shaft. Procedures performed through the posterior incision may be observed through the anterior incision and vice versa. [0008] For the purpose of the following discussion, a total hip arthroplasty is defined as a replacement of the femoral head with or without the use of a separate acetabular component. The specific designs which can be utilized in accordance with the present invention include a total hip replacement and a bipolar or monopolar endoprosthesis. The technique is suitable for cemented or cementless anchorage of the components. [0009] In one form thereof, the disclosure provides a provisional femoral head, including a spherical body having a generally cylindrical internal aperture formed in a distal end of the spherical body, the internal aperture sized to accommodate a provisional femoral neck, the spherical body further including a first clamp aperture sized to receive a first blade end of a clamp. [0010] In another form thereof, the disclosure provides a provisional femoral head, including a spherical body having a generally cylindrical internal aperture formed in a distal end of the spherical body, the internal aperture sized to accommodate a provisional femoral neck, the spherical body further including a first clamp aperture sized to receive a first blade end of a clamp and a second clamp aperture sized to receive a second blade end of the clamp, the first and second clamp apertures extending through an exterior wall of the spherical body, the first and second clamp apertures forming a first opposing pair of clamp apertures into which the first and second blades of the clamp can be positioned to secure the provisional femoral head to the clamp. [0011] The provisional femoral head of the present invention advantageously allows for positioning thereof on a provisional femoral neck in a radial fashion with respect to the provisional femoral neck, thus facilitating placement of the provisional femoral head through the relatively small sized anterior incision of the present invention. [0012] The apparatus and method of the current invention advantageously allow a total hip arthroplasty to be performed in a minimally invasive way, which hastens patient recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0013] The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of this invention, and the manner of attaining them, will become more apparent and the invention itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of an embodiment of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: [0014] FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a patient illustrating a pair of incisions made according to the current invention as well as the incision utilized in prior art procedures; [0015] FIG. 2 is an anterior elevational view of a hip joint illustrating the femoral neck axis; [0016] FIG. 2A is an anterior elevational view illustrating the capsule of the hip joint; [0017] FIG. 3 is an anterior elevational view of the femoral neck exposed by incising the hip capsule; [0018] FIG. 4 is an anterior elevational view of the femoral neck with an osteotomy guide of one form of the current invention operably positioned to designate a cut line thereon; [0019] FIG. 5A is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of an osteotomy guide in accordance with the present invention; [0020] FIG. 5B is an elevational view thereof taken along the longitudinal axis of the handle; Continue reading about Method and apparatus for performing a minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty... 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