| Method and a device for ventilation and airborne decontamination by mixing using blow and suction flows attached by the coanda effect -> Monitor Keywords |
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  Method and a device for ventilation and airborne decontamination by mixing using blow and suction flows attached by the coanda effectUSPTO Application #: 20070202798Title: Method and a device for ventilation and airborne decontamination by mixing using blow and suction flows attached by the coanda effect Abstract: A device (101) for airborne decontamination of a room (3) by mixing using a blown jet (19) and a suction flow (21) that are attached by the Coanda effect (C). Vertical trunk means (103) have a bottom suction end (104) and a top blow end (105). Drive means (106) set the air (A) into motion inside and outside the trunk means. An intake nozzle (118) provides a vertical suction surface (Sa) serving to suck in the air (A) as a suction stream (55) parallel to the floor (6) and attached thereto by the Coanda effect (C). A blow nozzle (129) using the surface effect at the ceiling (20) presents a frontal porous blow surface (Ss). It produces a primary jet (19) of air that is attached to the ceiling (20) by the Coanda effect (C). Decontamination means (127) decontaminate the air (A). The effective area (Sae) of the suction surface (Sa) is less than the effective area (Sse) of the blow surface (Ss). This serves to eliminate the “interfering shunt air flow” that is usually associated with attached air blow ventilation systems. (end of abstract) Agent: Beyer Weaver LLP - Oakland, CA, US Inventors: Jean-Marie Billiotte, Frederic Basset, Elena Vladimirovna Volodina, Alexandre Vladimirovich Nagolkin USPTO Applicaton #: 20070202798 - Class: 454264000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Ventilation, Having Inlet Airway, Including Structure For Mixing Plural Air Streams Together, With Shaped Nozzle, And Readily Movable Air Regulating Louver, Damper, Or Cover The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070202798. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to methods and devices for ventilating and airborne decontamination for the purpose of reducing the quantities of contaminating particles suspended in the air of a room, and of the type operating: [0002] by mixing; [0003] with two Coanda effects; [0004] using a blown primary jet attached to the ceiling; and [0005] a suction flow attached to the floor. STATE OF THE PRIOR ART [0006] Traditionally, air conditioning methods are technically classified depending on the way in which air is distributed within the treated room. The methods of air conditioning a room can thus be classified as follows: [0007] ventilation by air piston displacement using a one-way flow; [0008] ventilation by air displacement using thermal effect stratification; [0009] ventilation by zone; [0010] ventilation by mixing; and [0011] ventilation by localized jet. [0012] In ventilation vocabulary, a "primary air jet" is air that has previously conditioned (cooled, heated, decontaminated, humidified, dehumidified, . . . ), that is introduced into a room via a blow outlet such as a grille, a perforated panel, a diffusing ceiling, . . . . The term "total air" is used for the mixture between the primary air introduced into the room and the air of the room that is progressively entrained by the primary air and mixed therewith. [0013] In the strategy of ventilation by air piston displacement, also known as one-way flow, or as "laminar flow rooms", air is moved by a one-way primary air jet occupying the entire section of the room. The entire section of one wall of the room is used, generally the ceiling or sometimes one of the side walls, as a surface for blowing the primary air flow into the room. The air is blown in at a speed that is sufficient to pass through the room in parallel streams heading towards the opposite wall (generally the floor), which is porous so as to act as a suction surface. It is also common practice to take up the air through suction wall grilles installed close to the floor at the bottoms of the walls. Laminar flows operate using the "piston" principle. The primary air flow acts like a syringe to push back the contaminated air which is extracted from the room. "Laminar" flow rooms are used for achieving very low concentrations of contaminants. The air that is removed is taken up by an air treatment unit associated with the building, where it is decontaminated by being filtered and where it is mixed with new air. Thereafter it is blown back into the inside of the room through the flow surface (generally the ceiling) which is fitted with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. The flow velocity is substantially uniform over the entire section of the room, reaching a value in the range 0.3 meters per second (m/s) to 0.5 m/s over the entire room that is to be protected. The blow and suction surfaces are situated: [0014] either over opposite walls (perforated ceiling and floor); [0015] or over perpendicular walls (ceiling with bottom side take-up grilles); [0016] but never over the same wall. [0017] The amount of air blown in a laminar flow represents 10 to 100 times the amount of the air blown by a mixing ventilation device with a turbulent flow or a device for moving air by thermal effect stratification. In addition, the entire ceiling needs to be fitted with a wall of HEPA filters. Devices for ventilation by air piston displacement (laminar flow) present: [0018] an investment cost that is an order of magnitude greater; and [0019] an energy cost that is about 10 times greater than that of mixing ventilation devices (turbulent flow rooms) or devices in which air is displaced by thermal effect stratification. [0020] In addition, their structure comprising an entire blow wall (ceiling or wall) makes it impossible for them to be implemented in the form of a mobile system. Ventilation devices using air piston displacement are used solely in decontamination and ultraclean applications and not at all for air conditioning purposes for which they are much too expensive. [0021] In the ventilation strategy making use of air displacement by thermal effect stratification, one or more diffusers of low-temperature air (cool air) are placed on the floor or close to the floor. This method operates by an air density difference within the room. The level of the "new" cool primary air that is introduced via the bottom, and that is denser than ambient air, acts progressively to push up the ambient air (which is warmer and floats on the cool air). The stratification strategy is less expensive than the piston strategy. Its purpose is mainly to ensure that the occupants of the room are at a comfortable temperature. Unfortunately, it is very sensitive to temperature disturbances, and it is not very effective in providing airborne decontamination (in particular of bacteria or fungi). In addition, the diffusers it uses are bulky and require significant infrastructure work at floor level. They cannot be made in the form of a mobile system. Devices for ventilation by displacing air by thermal effect stratification are used essentially in air conditioning applications. [0022] In the zone ventilation strategy, the principle consists in treating certain zones or volumes of the room while the remainder of the room is left without any particular attention. As a general rule, it is accepted that the effectiveness of zone ventilation is better than that of ventilation by mixing in the ventilated zones. However, the low overall dilution of contaminants generally leads to overall decontamination of the room that is ineffective. [0023] In a strategy of ventilation by mixing, air movement is provided mainly by the energy delivered by one or more primary air jets injected into the room. The theoretical objective of the strategy by mixing is to establish uniform conditions for the air inside the room. To do this, the primary air jet(s) injected into the room mix(es) with a large volume of ambient air. This phenomenon is known as "induction". Ventilation by mixing is generally preferable for achieving better temperature comfort for the occupants. The term "occupation" zone is used to designate that portion of a room in which occupants are usually to be found. It is normally defined as the space extending from a surface that is 50 centimeters (cm) back from walls containing windows, 20 cm back from other walls, and extending up to 180 cm above the floor. The strategy of ventilation by mixing seeks to mix (as completely and as uniformly as possible) the primary air with the air already in the room, so that the impurities and contaminants in the room are not only attenuated by being diluted, but also, traditionally, are distributed uniformly. In the same way, it is desirable for the temperature in the room to be as uniform as possible in order to avoid discomfort for the occupants. Unfortunately, the dimensions of a room of reasonable size and the number of diffusers generally require the primary air jet(s) (cool air) to be injected at a speed that is faster than the speed acceptable for the occupants to be comfortable if they encounter a jet. Methods of ventilation by mixing can technically be subdivided into two sub-types: [0024] ventilation by mixing using a free primary jet; and [0025] ventilation by mixing by using a primary jet that is attached by the Coanda effect. Continue reading... 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