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  Metal nanostructured colorants for high redox glass compositionUSPTO Application #: 20060211563Title: Metal nanostructured colorants for high redox glass composition Abstract: A colorant for a high redox glass composition comprising: total iron (Fe2O3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. The colorant of the invention can be used to make glass compositions having various colors. (end of abstract) Agent: Jacques B. Miles Ppg Industries, Inc. - Pittsburgh, PA, US Inventors: Mehran Arbab, Larry Shelestak, Songwei Lu USPTO Applicaton #: 20060211563 - Class: 501070000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Compositions: Ceramic, Ceramic Compositions, Glass Compositions, Compositions Containing Glass Other Than Those Wherein Glass Is A Bonding Agent, Or Glass Batch Forming Compositions, Silica Containing, 40 Percent - 90 Percent By Weight Silica, And Aluminum Or Iron Compound, And Divalent Metal Oxide (e.g., Oxides Of Zinc, Cadmium, Beryllium, Alkaline Earth Metal, Magnesium, Etc.), The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060211563. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to colorants for glass compositions comprising metal nanostructures, glass compositions that contain the novel nanostructures of the invention and related methods. More particularly, the present invention relates to colorants for high redox glass compositions comprising nanostructures of copper, gold and/or silver. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Glass substrates are used for various applications including automotive applications, architectural applications, aircraft applications, etc. Depending on the application, the glass substrate will need to exhibit certain performance properties such as visible light transmittance, infrared absorbance, etc. and aesthetic properties such as color, brightness, etc. [0003] The performance properties of a glass substrate are primarily determined by the glass composition, i.e., the components used to make the glass. The glass composition is not the same as the batch materials (also referred to as the "starting materials") that are processed by a standard glass making technique, such as float glass processing, sheet drawing processing, crucible melts, etc., to make the glass composition. Generally, a glass composition is made up of a base glass portion and a colorant portion. A base glass portion comprising SiO.sub.2, Na.sub.2O, CaO, MgO, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and K.sub.2O is well known in the art. Glass having the aforementioned base glass composition is referred to as "soda-lime-silica" glass. Other types of known glass compositions include non-silicated glasses and silicated glasses such as alkali borosilicate glass, alkali free borosilicate glass, phosphate glass, alumino borosilicate glass, etc. [0004] Oftentimes, a glass composition will contain one or more colorants that interact to provide a glass composition having the desired color. For example, cobalt, which is well known in the art as a blue colorant, can be mixed with cadmium selenide, which is well known in the art as a red colorant to provide a glass composition having a gray color. [0005] Some glass compositions having a low redox ratio (definitions for redox terms are included below) have included nanostructure sized colorants. Such glass compositions are typically made by melting the batch materials, forming and casting the molten glass into a sheet and then further heating the glass sheet to cause the nanostructures to form. Because the batch materials must be melted and then further heat treated, the process for forming these glass compositions is inefficient and expensive. [0006] The present invention provides a novel metal nanostructured colorant for high redox glass compositions (includes glass compositions that fall outside of the definition for "low redox") such as, but not limited to, nanostructures of copper (Cu), gold (Au) and/or silver (Ag). Glass compositions according to the present invention are formed in a single heating step (i.e., the melting step). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0007] In a non-limiting embodiment, the present invention is a colorant for a high redox glass composition comprising: total iron (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. [0008] In another non-limiting embodiment, the present invention is a high redox glass composition having a colorant portion comprising: total iron (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. [0009] In yet another non-limiting embodiment, the present invention is a method for forming a high redox glass composition comprising: melting a glass batch material wherein the resulting glass composition comprises: a base glass portion comprising: SiO.sub.2 from 66 to 75 weight percent; Na.sub.2O from 10 to 20 weight percent; CaO from 5 to 15 weight percent; MgO from 0 to 5 weight percent; Al.sub.2O.sub.3 from 0 to 5 weight percent; K.sub.2O from 0 to 5 weight percent; BaO from 0 to 1 weight percent; B.sub.2O.sub.5 from 0 to 5 weight percent and a colorant portion comprising: total iron (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0010] As used herein, all numbers expressing dimensions, physical characteristics, processing parameters, quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like, used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical values set forth in the following specification and claims may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present invention. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical value should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Moreover, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass the beginning and ending range values and any and all subranges subsumed therein. For example, a stated range of "1 to 10" should be considered to include any and all subranges between (and inclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; that is, all subranges beginning with a minimum value of 1 or more and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 1.0 to 3.8, 6.6 to 9.7 and 5.5 to 10. [0011] As used herein, the term "purple" refers to a color having a DW ranging from 492 c nm to 570 c nm, for example, from 500 c nm to 560 c nm. "c" indicates the wavelength range is complimentary as is well known in the art. [0012] As used herein, the term "yellow-green" refers to a color having a DW ranging from 550 nm to 576 nm, for example, from 558 nm to 572 nm. [0013] As used herein, the term "red" refers to a color having a DW ranging from 596 nm to 780 nm, for example, from 620 nm to 760 nm. [0014] As used herein, the term "gray" refers to a color having a C* (sq.rt. (a* 2+b* 2)). <=4 at a visible transmittance of about 71% where a* and b* are determined using 1976 L*a*b* color space. [0015] As used herein, the term "glass composition" refers to the compositional makeup of a glass substrate produced by a standard glass making process, for example, the float glass process. The glass composition is produced by processing "batch materials". The batch materials are the starting materials in a glass making process. [0016] As used herein, the term "nanostructure" refers to a particle having a longest dimension up to 200 nm, for example, up to 100 nm, or up to 50 nm. The nanostructures can be any shape, including but not limited to, spherical, polyhedral-like cubic, triangular, pentagonal, rod-like, hexagonal, etc. [0017] In a non-limiting embodiment, the present invention is a colorant for a high redox glass composition comprising nanostructures of Cu, Ag, and/or Au. Depending on the concentration of the various components that make up the colorant of the present invention, glass compositions having a myriad of colors can be produced. For example, a gray glass composition, a red glass composition, a purple glass composition, a yellow glass composition, and combinations thereof can be produced according to the present invention. [0018] In the present invention, Cu nanostructures are used to provide a red color to a glass composition. Ag nanostructures are used to provide a yellow-green to color a glass composition. As is well known in the art, Ag nanostructures can also be used to impart antibacterial properties to the glass composition. Au nanostructures are used to provide a red to purple color to a glass composition depending on the concentration of Au nanostructures. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, Au nanostructures can be present in the glass composition in an amount ranging from 0.0001 to 0.05 weight percent. Similarly, Ag nanostructures can be present in the glass composition in an amount ranging from 0.0001 to 0.05 weight percent. Similarly, Cu nanostructures can be present in an amount ranging from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent. [0019] Iron can be present in the glass composition as both ferric oxide (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) and ferrous oxide (FeO). As is well known in the art, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 is a strong ultraviolet radiation absorber and operates as a yellow colorant in the glass, and FeO is a strong infrared radiation absorber and operates as a blue colorant. [0020] The "total iron" present in the glass composition of the invention is expressed as "Fe.sub.2O.sub.3". This is in accordance with standard practice. Continue reading... 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