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High strength bolted structure and method of securing nut and torque-shear type high strength bolt and joining method using sameRelated Patent Categories: Expanded, Threaded, Driven, Headed, Tool-deformed, Or Locked-threaded Fastener, Headed Fastener Element With Nut, Washer, Securing Means Or Cap, Headed Bolt Or Screw With Threads And Complementary NutHigh strength bolted structure and method of securing nut and torque-shear type high strength bolt and joining method using same description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070177958, High strength bolted structure and method of securing nut and torque-shear type high strength bolt and joining method using same. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a high strength bolted structure and method of securing a nut, and to a Torque-Shear type high strength bolt and joining method using this bolt, as used in a bolted structure between a box section column and an H-section beam when constructing a steel structure building using rectangular steel tubes or box section members having rectangular sections or circular sections such as steel tubes as the columns and attaching the H-section beams (rolled members or welded members) to the box section columns through split T-sections, end plates, angles, fish plates, or other joining hardware. BACKGROUND ART [0002] In recent years, much use has been made of bi-directional "Rahmen" frame structures using rectangular steel tubes having hollow rectangular cross-sections (including those obtained by welding together plates or shapes) and other rectangular box section members and H-section steel (including those obtained by welding together plates or shapes) and other H-section beams. As the join structure, through-type diaphragm type join structures are generally used. In this type of join structure, the box section columns and diaphragms are joined and the diaphragms and H-section beams are joined by welding. The attachment parts and H-section beams have been joined by bolting through fish plates. [0003] In such a through diaphragm type join structure, the compressive force and tension at the upper and lower flanges occurring when a bending moment acts on the H-section beam can be transmitted to the box section column without causing a reduction in the rigidity of the join, but the structure is complicated and the number of processing steps becomes huge. Further, the two surfaces of the diaphragm have to be welded to the box section column and column core, the amount of welding becomes great, and sophisticated welding skills become necessary. [0004] Therefore, recently, as shown in FIG. 37, a join structure lightening the welding load by joining split T-sections 2 to a box section column 1 without using a diaphragm by special structure expensive one-side bolts 3 (not shown in detail) and joining H-section beams 4 to the split T-sections 2 by high strength bolts 5 has become adopted. As the high strength bolts 5 used here, much use is made of sets of the structural "Torque-Shear" type high strength bolts, hexagonal nuts, and flat washers as defined in the standards (JSS II 09 1996) of the Japan Society of Steel Construction (hereinafter referred to as "Torque-Shear type high strength bolts"). [0005] These Torque-Shear type high strength bolts are provided with structures enabling introduction of a predetermined tension to the bolts and are structured as shown in FIG. 38(a) to FIG. 38(c). That is, the Torque-Shear type high strength bolts 6 have heads with circular outer circumferential shapes and form pintails 9 for torque control through breaknecks 10 at the front ends of the male threads to be screwed into the female threads of nuts 7 having hexagonal outer circumferential shapes. [0006] When using such Torque-Shear type high strength bolts 6 to bolt together steel members, as shown in FIG. 39(a), the Torque-Shear type high strength bolts 6 are inserted into bolt holes 13 of the steel members 11 and 12 to be joined, nuts 7 are screwed on the projecting male threads through washers 8, then the nut 7 sides are rotated for tightening. At the time of this tightening, a special tightening tool 14 such as shown in FIG. 39(b) is used. [0007] This tightening tool 14 is provided with a mechanism for operating in association an outer sleeve 14o for engaging with a nut 7 and an inner sleeve 14i for gripping the pintail 9 and giving a predetermined torque. When using this tightening tool 14 to tighten a Torque-Shear type high strength bolt 6, one grips the pintail 9 by the inner sleeve 14i and rotates the nut 7 by the outer sleeve 14o so as to transmit the rotational torque of the nut to the breakneck 10 of the pintail 9 as a reaction force and, as shown in FIG. 39(c), break that portion by a certain constant torque. It is possible to control the tension introduced to the high strength bolt by the breaking torque at this time. [0008] This Torque-Shear type high strength bolt is used when bolting a split T-section to a box section column, when bolting an H-section beam to a split T-section directly or through a fish plate, etc. in a bolted structure of a rectangular box section member and H-section beam and is designed to be tightened by screwing with a nut with the pintail forming side at the outside of the join portion. [0009] In general, a nut usually has a height of substantially the same dimension as the shaft diameter and, in the state finished being tightened, leaves the front end of the male thread of the high strength bolt projecting outside by about an extent of three threads. Further, it is necessary to interpose a washer. Therefore, in the case of a high strength bolt having a shaft diameter of 22 mm, the dimension from the surface of the washer to the breaking plane of the breakneck of the pintail becomes about 35 mm and the assembly projects largely from the outer surface of the steel member or joining hardware. Such a large projection obstructs application of fire-resistant coverings and finishing work. Further, in the case of naked frames, it impair the aesthetic appearance and therefore is not preferable in terms of design either. [0010] Further, in such a join structure of a box section column and split T-section, the bolting work is impossible with usual bolting using a general high strength bolt (for example, high strength hexagonal bolt for friction grip joins as defined in JIS B1186, structural use Torque-Shear type high strength bolts of the standards of the Japan Society of Steel Construction, etc.) [0011] Therefore, a one-side bolt enabling joining work from the outer side of a box section column has been developed and commercialized. Further, a method of inserting a general high strength bolt into a bolt hole provided in a box section column by a special tool from the inside of the box section column in the factory or on the site in advance and attaching and securing split T-sections to the box section column before constructing the columns has been proposed. [0012] A join structure using the former one-side bolts however is expensive and therefore the cost of the joins skyrockets. Further, there are limits to the strength. In addition, control of the tension introduced to the bolts is not easy. It was therefore not possible to realize a stable bolted structure in a column-beam structure in a large-sized structure. [0013] Further, the latter method improved the cost aspects and strength compared with a one-side bolt, but since the upper and lower split T-sections were secured to the columns before attaching the beams, there were limits to the method of attachment of the beams on the site, there was the problem of a drop in the work speed, and in the end a rise in the construction costs. [0014] Therefore, another method has been employed of attaching only the lower split T-sections for attaching the lower flanges of H-section beams at the factory and securing the nuts to the inner side of the box section columns in advance at the factory so that the upper split T-sections may be attached at the site by inserting bolts from the outside when attaching the H-section beams, and, when attaching the H-section beams, attaching the upper split T-sections to the upper flanges of the H-section beams, supporting the H-section beams by the lower split T-sections, and in that state aligning and attaching the upper split T-sections to the box section columns. [0015] For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-33929, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-101284, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-145638 disclose to secure a nut to the inner side of a rectangular steel tube and insert and tighten a bolt from the outer side. In such a bolted structure, however, the nut has to be formed integrally with a collar and the collar has to be deformed to be pushed into the bolt hole from the inner side of the rectangular steel tube, so it was necessary to give a large force at the inner side of a narrow rectangular steel tube and the work was difficult. Further, in practice it was not possible to use the above conventional Torque-Shear type high strength bolt, not possible to simply introduce tension to the bolts, and difficult to realize a stable bolted structure. [0016] The present invention has as its object to solve the problems in a conventional high strength bolted structure and for example to provide a high strength bolted structure of a column made of a box section member and a split T-section used as joining hardware wherein a nut is secured to an inner side of the box section member, a high strength bolt is inserted from an outer side, and control of the introduction of tension to the high strength bolt is easy and a method of securing a nut to an inside of a box section column and to provide a Torque-Shear type high strength bolt having a structure for being tightened by rotating a head side of the bolt, enabling introduction of a tension to the bolt at the bolt head side, and enabling a reduction of the height of the projection due to the head and washer at the outer side and a bolting method using that bolt. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [0017] The present invention has as its gist the following (1) to (20) to achieve the above object: [0018] (1) A high strength bolted structure of a box section member and joining hardware characterized in that at least at a plurality of locations of high strength bolted locations of a box section member and joining hardware, a female thread end of a nut abutting against an inner side of the box section member is separately provided with a female thread of a larger diameter than the diameter of that female thread, a male thread of a sleeve of a nut holding part inserted into a bolt hole from an outer side is screwed into it, whereby the nut is secured to the inner side of the box section member, a high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt hole from the outer side of joining hardware abutting against the outside of the box section member, and a male thread is screwed with the nut secured to the inner side of the box section member. [0019] (2) A high strength bolted structure of a box section member and joining hardware characterized in that at least at a plurality of locations of high strength bolted locations of a box section member and joining hardware, a sleeve is fixed to a nut arranged at an inner side of the box section member, the sleeve is inserted into a bolt hole from an inner side of the box section member, a sleeve of a nut holding part at the outer side is engaged with, whereby the nut is secured to the inner side of the box section member, a high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt hole from the outer side of joining hardware abutting against the outside of the box section member, and a male thread is screwed with the nut secured to the inner side of the box section member. [0020] (3) A high strength bolted structure of a box section member and joining hardware characterized in that at least at a plurality of locations of high strength bolted locations of a box section member and joining hardware, a sleeve formed with slits in its longitudinal direction and able to be expanded and contracted in outer diameter elastically is fixed to a nut, a slit formed region of the sleeve is press-fit into a bolt hole from an inner side of the box section member, whereby the nut is secured to the inner side of the box section member, a high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt hole from the outer side of joining hardware abutting against the outside of the box section member, and a male thread is screwed with the nut secured to the inner side of the box section member. [0021] (4) A high strength bolted structure of a box section member and joining hardware characterized in that at least at a plurality of locations of high strength bolted locations of a box section member and joining hardware, a sleeve having an engagement projection at its front end is fixed to a nut, the sleeve is inserted into a bolt hole from an inner side of the box section member, and the engagement projection of the sleeve projecting to the outer side of the box section member is bent outward so as to be fixed to the outer side of the box section member, whereby the nut is secured to the inner side of the box section member, a high strength bolt is inserted into the bolt hole from the outer side of joining hardware abutting against the outside of the box section member, and a male thread is screwed with the nut secured to the inner side of the box section member. 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