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High performance thread forming screwHigh performance thread forming screw description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070243043, High performance thread forming screw. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
RELATED APPLICATION (PRIORITY CLAIM) [0001]This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/744,974, filed Apr. 17, 2006, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. BACKGROUND [0002]The present invention generally relates to thread forming screws and methods of forming same, and more specifically relates to a fastener, such as a thread forming screw, at least a portion of which has a minimum surface hardness of HRC 56 (Rockwell Hardness C-scale), and to a method of forming such a thread forming screw. [0003]Currently, the industry recommends that thread forming screws be able to cold form threads in a workpiece having a hardness of Rockwell C23 and below. As such, current thread forming screws are sufficiently hard to cold form threads in such workpieces. However, there are some applications where it would be desired to have a thread forming screw be able to form threads in a workpiece which has a hardness which exceeds HRC 23. For example, after High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) material is formed, such as by punching holes in the material, the hardness in and around the hole area could reach and exceed a Rockwell C40 hardness. [0004]Conventional thread forming screws are not hard enough to successfully cold form threads into workpieces which exceed a Rockwell C23 hardness. For example, some commercially available thread forming screws are processed so that the point and the first three to four full threads are at a Rockwell C45 minimum hardness, and the core of the fastener is at Rockwell C33 to 39 hardness. A thread forming screw such as this is not hard enough to consistently cold form threads into a material which exceeds HRC 23. When driving such a thread forming screw into HSLA material (or any other material) having a hardness of HRC 40 or more, thread collapse occurs. This collapse, or deformation of the threads, causes joint failure. When forming threads in materials such as steel, it is required to have the fastener have a hardness much greater than the material into which the fastener is being threaded, in order to form the threads properly without collapsing. [0005]Because current thread forming screws are not sufficiently hard to cold form threads into workpieces having a hardness which exceeds HRC 23, in such cases it has been necessary to provide mating threads, such as by providing a threaded joint in the workpiece (which requires a drill and tap operation), or by providing weld nuts, loose nuts, a weld boss, threaded inserts, or by providing a similar feature or using a similar method for providing mating threads. These structures/methods require additional operations, hardware and time, resulting in a more costly, time-consuming process. [0006]As such, a market exists for fasteners capable of forming threads in workpieces, such as HSLA material or any other material, which has a hardness which exceeds Rockwell C23. OBJECTS AND SUMMARY [0007]An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a thread forming screw at least a portion of which has a surface hardness that is sufficiently high such that the thread forming screw can be used to cold form threads in a workpiece which has a hardness that exceeds HRC 23. [0008]Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a thread forming screw at least a portion of which has a minimum surface hardness of HRC 56. [0009]Still another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a thread forming screw which has a minimum surface hardness of HRC 56, at least to a depth of 0.008 inches, for at least some of the threads of the screw. [0010]Briefly, and in accordance with at least one of the foregoing objects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thread forming screw which has a head and a threaded shank extending from the head. At least some of the threads of the shank are surface hardened, preferably to a minimum surface hardness of HRC 56, thereby enabling the thread forming screw to thereafter be used to cold form threads in a workpiece having a surface hardness which exceeds HRC 23. [0011]Another aspect of the present invention provides a method of forming such a thread forming screw. The method includes performing a heat treating process whereby the screw is carbon enriched to at least a 0.48 carbon level, and is quenched, such as in oil. Then, the screw is tempered in order to lower the brittleness and to allow for a more ductile core. Preferably, the tempering is controlled such that the surface hardness does not exceed the core hardness by more than 3 Rockwell C points. Preferably, after the tempering, both the surface and core of the fastener are at a Rockwell C33 to 39 hardness. Subsequently, the point, such as the lead threads and three to four full threads of the screw, is induction hardened and the screw is quenched, such as in water or in a synthetic quench. Then, the screw is tempered again to a lower brittleness. Preferably, this tempering step is controlled such that, for example, the lead threads and the first three to four full threads are at a Rockwell C56 minimum hardness, preferably to a depth of at least 0.008 inches, and the core of the fastener is at Rockwell C33 to 39 hardness. Finally, preferably a finish is applied to the fastener. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0012]The organization and manner of the structure and operation of the invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals identify like elements in which: [0013]FIG. 1 is a side view of one type of screw which can be surface hardened in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [0014]FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional diagram of the screw shown in FIG. 1; and [0015]FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of making a surface hardened thread forming screw, where the method is in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION [0016]While the present invention may be susceptible to embodiment in different forms, there is shown in the drawings, and herein will be described in detail, an embodiment thereof with the understanding that the present description is to be considered an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to that as illustrated and described herein. [0017]One aspect of the present invention relates to a fastener, such as a thread forming screw, at least a portion of which has a surface hardness of HRC 56. Another aspect relates to a method of surface hardening a fastener, such as a thread forming screw, such that at least a portion of which has a surface hardness of HRC 56. While the method can be used in connection with a wide range of screws, U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,785 discloses a screw with which a method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention can be used, and the '785 patent is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. [0018]As shown in the '785 patent and in FIG. 1 of the present application, the screw 10 includes a head 12 and a threaded shank 14 which extends from the head 12. Proximate the end 16 of the screw 10, opposite the head 12, are a plurality of lead threads 18 which taper somewhat to the point 16 of the screw 10. Between the lead threads 18 and the head 12 are a plurality of full threads 20, wherein reference numeral 22 identifies the first full thread and reference numeral 24 identifies the fourth full thread. More detail regarding the shape and function of this particular screw can be found in the '785 patent. However, an example of a preferred, specific embodiment of the present invention provides as shown in FIG. 2, wherein the lead threads 18 as well as the first three or four full threads of the screw, are surface hardened to a Rockwell hardness of at least HRC 56, to a depth (i.e., dimension 26 identified in FIG. 2) of at least 0.008 inches. Preferably, the core of the screw 10 is at Rockwell C33 to 39 hardness, such that the screw 10 has a relatively ductile core. As shown in FIG. 2, the portion identified with reference numeral 28 has a minimum induction hardened area at HRC 56 min., while the portion identified with reference numeral 30 has a maximum induction hardened area at HRC 56 min. The portion identified with reference numeral 32 is a hardened, quenched, and tempered area, having a surface hardness within 3 points HRC of the core. [0019]FIG. 3 illustrates a method which is accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, and the method can be used to form a thread forming screw 10 such as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The method provides that, for example, a wire made of steel 4037 steel or a similar alloy is provided, and the wire is drawn at a cold heading machine. The material may be an alloy steel, AISI C4037 grade analysis with a composition of: carbon 0.35-0.40 percent; manganese 0.70-0.90 percent, sulphur 0.040 percent max., phosphorous 0.035 percent max., silicon 0.20-0.35 percent and molybdenum 0.20-0.30 percent, normally specified as killed, fine grain, spherodized annealed steel. Of course, other material may be used while staying entirely within the scope of the present invention. Once the cold heading is completed, threads are formed on the screw. These steps are conventional and well known. Continue reading about High performance thread forming screw... Full patent description for High performance thread forming screw Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this High performance thread forming screw patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. Start now! - Receive info on patent apps like High performance thread forming screw or other areas of interest. ### Previous Patent Application: Slotless locking pull pin Next Patent Application: Wear resistant nut Industry Class: Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener ### FreshPatents.com Support Thank you for viewing the High performance thread forming screw patent info. 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