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  Garment serving to combat cellulite and/or venous and lymphatic insufficiencyUSPTO Application #: 20070033696Title: Garment serving to combat cellulite and/or venous and lymphatic insufficiency Abstract: The garments and method disclosed herein serve to combat cellulite and/or venous and lymphatic insufficiency in at least one desired area of a lower and/or upper member of the body. The garments preferably comprise an elastic knitted shell having an inner face and an outer face adapted to restrain with a degressive rate of pressure of the distal extremity of the member toward its proximal extremity, and compromise a projection structure placed on a portion of the inner face corresponding to said area. The projection structures are capable of locally modifying the curvature of the knitted shell, or other material, when the garment is worn thereby increasing the compression exerted by the garment in said area. (end of abstract)
Agent: Cislo & Thomas, LLP - Santa Monica, CA, US Inventor: Dominique Sellier USPTO Applicaton #: 20070033696 - Class: 002069000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Apparel, Body Garments The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070033696. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This patent application claims priority from PCT Patent Application Ser. No. PCT/FR2005/000292 having an international priority date of Feb. 11, 2004 (filed Feb. 9, 2005 in the French language) for GARMENT SERVING TO COMBAT CELLULITE AND/OR VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC INSUFFICIENCY, which application is incorporated herein by this reference thereto. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] This invention concerns wearable materials and items, and in particular garments, intended to help the wearer fight cellulite and possible venous and lymphatic sufficiency, and to methods for using the garments disclosed herein, as well as to methods for making the disclosed garments and components thereof. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] Several garments have been proposed to treat cellulite which are usually activated by sweating. It is, today, acknowledged that sweating does not overcome hypertrophy of fatty tissues. [0005] Cellulite affects 95% of women, both slim and corpulent. Cellulite or lipoedema corresponds to a hypertrophy of the fat lodged just under the skin in the hypodermis, associated with retention of fluids and toxins. Whereas, excess weight is due to the storage of fats at a deeper level. [0006] Causes of cellulite are numerous. They could be endogenous in origin with a genetic predisposition, poor blood circulation and also hormonal variations (menstruation, pregnancy, menopause). They could also be due to exogenous factors such as a sedentary life style in particular, lack of physical activity and also stress and anxiety. [0007] Although there are several causes and the patho-physiological symptoms are still poorly known, there are two main factors that contribute to the worsening of cellulite [0008] firstly the increase in size of the fat cells (adipocytes) due to storage of fats linked essentially to an unbalanced diet and sedentary life style [0009] and secondly the increase in water infiltration in the tissues, related to poor venous and lymphatic blood flow back to the heart. [0010] A study involving the biopsy of 48 womens' thighs affected by cellulite revealed a constant dilatation of the fatty tissue venules visible both in the capillaries of the dermis and hypodermis, associated with storage of fats in the fatty tissues. The same vein alterations were also noticed by infrared thermography that revealed a colder skin temperature in the cellulite areas. [0011] As the fatty tissues increase in size, the process of self nourishment with a deterioration of blood circulation and stagnation of toxins is noticed. The connective supporting tissue loses its elasticity and becomes fibrous. At an advanced stage, the cellulite becomes fibrous which gives the skin a dimpled and "orange peel" appearance. There are three clinical stages of "orange peel" skin: [0012] stage 1: the dimpled appearance is visible when the skin is pinched [0013] stage 2: the dimpled appearance is visible when standing [0014] stage 3: the dimpled appearance is permanently visible in all positions [0015] The effectiveness of treatment proposed can be assessed through high frequency ultrasound exploration by measuring the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue and infiltration of water in the tissues. [0016] Lack of physical exercise and a sedentary life style promote the storage of fats. Muscles represent 20 to 25% of womens' bodies and since muscles consume energy even at rest, it is important to take care of ones muscles and limit their involution with age. At the age of 65, a person loses 30% of the muscles that he/she has at 25. Regular physical exercise has a slimming effect in the long term, reducing insulin production by the pancreas and also helps to stave off hunger. Furthermore, the fats seem to dissolve notably in areas where the muscles are stimulated through exercise. [0017] Medical experts are in consensus about the benefits involved in graduated compression associated with walking in venous-lymphatic insufficiency. Furthermore the beneficial effects of contraction of the calf muscles by activating what is called the "muscular pump of the calf" may result in better blood flow from the lower limbs back to the heart. [0018] The Inventor has reported that due to the graduated compression (on average the pressure decreases, in a relation of about 40-50% between the ankle and the calf) and Laplace's Law, a compression stocking does not really act effectively at the level of the thigh and the pelvis. [0019] According to Laplace's Law, the external pressure (P) exerted by an elastic casing, shell, sheath or similar material, particularly a stocking on a desired area of the body, is directly proportional to the tension (T) of the elastic casing, sheath, shell or similar and inversely proportional to the curvature radius (r) of the casing, sheath, shell or similar in the mentioned area. This law is expressed by the formula P=T/r [0020] Where (P) represents the pressure (g/cm2) exerted on the skin, (T) the tension (g/cm) of the elastic fabric and (r) the curvature radius (cm) of the compressed area. [0021] Laplace's Law is only valid for elastic fabrics, the term fabric used as generally accepted to include knitted and woven fabrics and similar materials. For a fabric having a constant tension (given), the pressure decreases when the curvature radius of the limb increases. [0022] Consequently the Inventor has reported that at the upper one third part of the thigh, the pressure exerted by compression stockings is no longer effective on the thigh muscles, on account of the diminishing pressure and also because of the consequences of Laplace's Law, since this part is almost flat; the standard compression stockings do not exert any efficient pressure here. Since the curvature radius of the lower limbs varies according to each part considered, it is very difficult to measure pressure in vivo. In fact, research and testing laboratories define the pressure exerted by compression stockings, by calculating the pressure exerted on a cylinder with a well-defined radius based on the characteristics of an elastic knitted fabric. [0023] It is possible to increase the elastic compression at the thigh, but this would make it difficult to put on the garment and furthermore, difficult to wear, as it would be anti-physiological in relation to the venous and lymphatic blood flow back to the heart. [0024] The Inventor has also reported that manual lymphatic drainage disposes of excess fluids in the tissues and evacuates waste from cellular metabolism. This drainage occurs through an initial process called "collection" carried out by the network of lymphatic capillaries located in the infiltrated areas. The "collection" results from the localized increase in the tissue pressure through massage; the greater the pressure, the higher the removal of excess fluids by the lymphatic capillaries. [0025] The second process of drainage consists in the "evacuation" of the fluids and toxins by the lymphatic capillaries, far from the infiltrated area, towards the pre-collectors followed by the lymphatic collectors, of which the major trunk is represented by the satellite collectors of the saphenous vein. [0026] The instant invention is directed to wearable materials and items such as garments and methods which act on the different mechanisms of self nourishment of cellulite resulting in orange peel skin, and which are particularly effective concerning localized micro circulation, the collection of toxins and fluids and venous and lymphatic macro circulation. Continue reading... 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