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Endovascular prosthesisRelated Patent Categories: Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, Or Aids And Accessories Therefor, Arterial Prosthesis (i.e., Blood Vessel), Having Plural LayersEndovascular prosthesis description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060287714, Endovascular prosthesis. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/416,926, foiled Dec. 23, 2003, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD [0002] In one of its aspects, the present invention relates to an endovascular prosthesis. In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to a method of treating an aortic disease condition in a patient. BACKGROUND ART [0003] Stents are generally known. Indeed, the term "stent" has been used interchangeably with terms such as "intraluminal vascular graft" and "expandable prosthesis". As used throughout this specification the term "stent" is intended to have a broad meaning and encompasses any expandable prosthetic device for implantation in a body passageway (e.g., a lumen or artery). [0004] In the past ten years, the use of stents has attracted an increasing amount of attention due the potential of these devices to be used in certain cases, as an alternative to surgery. Generally, a stent is used to obtain and maintain the patency of the body passageway while maintaining the integrity of the passageway. As used in this specification, the term "body passageway" is intended to have a broad meaning and encompasses any duct (e.g., natural or iatrogenic) within the human body and can include a member selected from the group comprising: blood vessels, respiratory ducts, gastrointestinal ducts and the like. [0005] Stent development has evolved to the point where the vast majority of currently available stents rely on controlled plastic deformation of the entire structure of the stent at the target body passageway so that only sufficient force to maintain the patency of the body passageway is applied during expansion of the stent. [0006] Generally, in many of these systems, a stent, in association with a balloon, is delivered to the target area of the body passageway by a catheter system. Once the stent has been properly located (for example, for intravascular implantation the target area of the vessel can be filled with a contrast medium to facilitate visualization during fluoroscopy), the balloon is expanded thereby plastically deforming the entire stricture of the stent so that the latter is urged in place against the body passageway. As indicated above, the amount of force applied is at least that necessary to expand the stent (i.e. the applied the force exceeds the minimum force above which the stent material will undergo plastic deformation) while maintaining the patency of the body passageway. At this point, the balloon is deflated and withdrawn within the catheter, and is subsequently removed. Ideally, the stent will remain in place and maintain the target area of the body passageway substantially free of blockage (or narrowing). [0007] See, for example, any of the following patents: [0008] U.S. Pat. No. 4,733,665 (Palmaz), [0009] U.S. Pat. No. 4,739,762 (Palmaz), [0010] U.S. Pat. No. 4,800,882 (Gianturco), [0011] U.S. Pat. No. 4,907,336 (Gianturco), [0012] U.S. Pat. No. 5,035,706 (Gianturco et al.), [0013] U.S. Pat. No. 5,037,392 (Hillstead), [0014] U.S. Pat. No. 5,041,126 (Gianturco), [0015] U.S. Pat. No. 5,102,417 (Palmaz), [0016] U.S. Pat. No. 5,147,385 (Beck et al.), [0017] U.S. Pat. No. 5,282,824 (Gianturco), [0018] U.S. Pat. No. 5,316,023 (Palmaz et al.), [0019] U.S. Pat. No. 5,755,771 (Penn et al.), [0020] U.S. Pat. No. 5,906,640 (Penn et al.), [0021] U.S. Pat. No. 6,217,608 (Penn et al.), [0022] Canadian patent 1,239,755 (Wallsten), and [0023] Canadian patent 1,245,527 (Gianturco et al.), for a discussion on previous stent designs and deployment systems. [0024] To date, most stent development has focused on the so-called coronary stents. While a number of advances in art of coronary stent development have been made, there is room for improvement. [0025] One area which has received little or no attention is the area of endovascular treatment of aortic disease. At this point it is useful to review diseases of the aorta. [0026] Aortic diseases contribute to the high overall cardiovascular mortality. Relatively new imaging modalities (e.g., transesophageal echocardiography, magnetic resonance tomography, helical computed tomography, and electron beam computed tomography) have been introduced during the last decade. These new imaging techniques facilitate better and/or earlier diagnosis of aortic diseases, even in emergency situations. These new imaging techniques have had an effect on patient management during recent years allowing more rapid diagnosis and decision making. [0027] Generally, aortic disease is caused by mechanisms which weaken the strength of the aortic wall, particularly, the aortic media. Such wall weakening leads to higher wall stress, which can induce aortic dilatation and aneurysm formation, eventually resulting in aortic dissection or rupture. The various categories of aortic disease are summarized in FIG. 1. [0028] Diseases of the aorta are a significant problem in medicine. There are two general approaches: drug treatment and surgery. Drug treatment is used to lower blood pressure--this approach is disadvantageous since, at best, it modulates the effect of the disease while still leaving the patient at significant risk. Surgery is disadvantageous due to the high mortality and morbidity, even in centers of excellence. The increasing age of the population is resulting in an increased incidence of aortic disease as it is a degenerative disease. Further, aortic stiffness increases with age thereby reducing coronary and other artery perfusion. [0029] There are three (3) indications of aortic disease which are regularly of clinical interest: (1) aortic dissection, (2) blunt chest trauma (with consequential trauma to the aorta), and (3) aortic sclerosis. [0030] Aortic dissection is known to occur in approximately 15-20 cases/1 million inhabitants/year with a mortality of 50% in the first year and 5% per hour for the first 5 hours after the onset of symptoms. It results in a splitting of the aortic wall, a bleeding into the wall with formation of a true and false (new) lumen separated by a flap called "intima" with tear or "rupture point". In patients with involvement of the ascending aorta, surgery is performed and drug treatment preferred in patients with involvement of the descending aorta. As stated above, despite surgeries mortality is still high. The main problem is the organ perfusion of the abdomen which results in shock and multiorgan failure. Relatively recent studies have demonstrated that intramural hemorrhage, intramural hematoma, and aortic ulcer may be signs of evolving dissections or dissection subtypes. Currently, the various forms of dissection may be classified as follows: Class 1 (FIG. 2a): Classical aortic dissection with an intimal flap between true and false lumen; Class 2 (FIG. 2b): Medial disruption with formation of intramural hematoma/hemorrhage; Class 3 (FIG. 2c): Discrete/subtle dissection without hematoma, eccentric bulge at tear site; Class 4 (FIG. 2d): Plaque rupture leading to aortic ulceration, penetrating aortic atherosclerotic ulcer with surrounding hematoma, usually subadventitial; and Class 5 (FIG. 2e): Iatrogenic and traumatic dissection. [0031] Each of these classes of dissection can be seen in their acute and chronic stages; chronic dissections are considered to be present if more than 14 days have elapsed since the acute event. [0032] Classic Aortic Dissection (Class 1--FIG. 2a) Continue reading about Endovascular prosthesis... Full patent description for Endovascular prosthesis Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Endovascular prosthesis patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. 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