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  Emission abatement systems and methodsRelated Patent Categories: Power Plants, Internal Combustion Engine With Treatment Or Handling Of Exhaust Gas, By Means Producing A Chemical Reaction Of A Component Of The Exhaust Gas, Condition Responsive Control Of Heater, Cooler, Igniter, Or Fuel Supply Of ReactorThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20060201139. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 60/660,361, entitled "Emission Abatement Systems and Methods" filed on Mar. 10, 2005 by Navin Khadiya, Samuel N. Crane, Jr., and Robert Iverson, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference. FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE [0002] The present disclosure relates to generally to emission abatement systems for internal combustion engines. BACKGROUND [0003] Plasma fuel reformers reform hydrocarbon fuel into a reformate gas such as hydrogen-rich gas. In the case of a plasma fuel reformer onboard a vehicle or stationary power generator, the reformate gas produced by the reformer may be utilized as fuel or fuel additive in the operation of an internal combustion engine. The reformate gas may also be utilized to regenerate or otherwise condition an emission abatement device associated with the internal combustion engine (e.g., a NO.sub.X trap, particulate filter, or SCR catalyst). The reformate gas may also be used as a fuel for a fuel cell. SUMMARY [0004] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an emission abatement assembly includes a pair of NO.sub.X traps arranged in a parallel arrangement. The NO.sub.X traps are operated in tandem such that both traps are online (i.e., absorbing NO.sub.X) during operation of the engine. Periodically, one of the traps is taken offline for regeneration. [0005] According to another aspect of the disclosure, an emission abatement assembly includes a catalyst positioned upstream of a urea SCR catalyst. Hydrogen from a fuel reformer is advanced into the upstream catalyst. At operating temperatures below a predetermined temperature, NO.sub.X is converted by the upstream catalyst into N.sub.2 in a similar manner as a H-SCR catalyst. At operating temperatures above the predetermined temperature, the upstream catalyst converts some of the NO.sub.X in the exhaust gas into NH.sub.3. The NH.sub.3 is advanced, along with the remaining NO.sub.X in the exhaust gas, into the SCR catalyst wherein it functions as a reductant fluid to covert the remaining NO.sub.X into N.sub.2. [0006] In certain embodiments, the upstream catalyst is embodied as two separate catalysts--an oxidation catalyst, such as a diesel oxidation catalyst, and an ammonia generating catalyst. [0007] In certain embodiments, the ammonia generating catalyst is positioned in a parallel flow path with a portion of the engine exhaust gas bypassing the ammonia generating catalyst through a second parallel flow path. [0008] According to yet another aspect of the disclosure, a plasma fuel reformer is operated to generate oxygenated hydrocarbons. The oxygenated hydrocarbons are supplied to the intake of an internal combustion engine such as an HCCI engine. [0009] The above and other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description and the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0010] FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a fuel reforming assembly having a plasma fuel reformer under the control of an electronic control unit; [0011] FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross sectional view of the plasma fuel reformer of FIG. 1; [0012] FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of an emission abatement assembly; [0013] FIG. 4 is a timing graph of a trap regenerating scheme; [0014] FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view of a diverter valve; [0015] FIGS. 6-8 are simplified diagrammatic views of the diverter valve of FIG. 5 showing the valve in various valve positions; [0016] FIGS. 9 and 10 are simplified block diagrams of another emission abatement assembly; [0017] FIGS. 11-15 are simplified block diagrams of systems for generating oxygenated hydrocarbons by use of a fuel reformer; [0018] FIGS. 16 and 17 are simplified block diagrams of an emission abatement assembly that is similar to the assemblies of FIGS. 9 and 10; and [0019] FIG. 18 is a simplified diagram similar of an emission abatement assembly that is similar to the assembly of FIGS. 16 and 17. 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