Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions inventions 10/07

20070246367 - Electrochemical capacitive concentration and deactivation of actinide nuclear materials: An apparatus for concentration and deactivation of actinide nuclear materials having a pair of spaced apart electrodes made of a composite material including at least one oxide, at least one carbon-containing material and lead, a nuclear waste water stream flowing between the electrodes, and a DC power supply operably connected... Agent: Mark E. Fejer Gas Technology Institute

20070246368 - Electrolysis cell for producing alkali metal: where the closure device (4) comprises an alkali metal-heavy metal alloy inlet (8) or outlet (9) opening into the first annular gap (13), a holder for the solid electrolyte tube (12), an alkali metal outlet (15) connected to the interior space (14) of the solid electrolyte tube (12) and a... Agent: Oblon, Spivak, Mcclelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C.

20070246369 - Process and apparatus for the electrogalvanic coating of metal items: In a process for the electrogalvanic coating of metal items through a sequence of chemical or electrochemical treatment phases, each of said treatment phases includes the following steps: a) introducing the drum containing the items into a centrifuge; b) delivering a first chemical treatment liquid to the centrifuge; c) carrying... Agent: Lucas & Mercanti, LLP

20070246370 - Device and method for photovoltaic generation of hydrogen: The invention relates to a device and a method for the photo-voltaic generation of hydrogen from hydrogen-containing compounds, sunlight being concentrated on solar cells by means of an optical concentrator and the consequently generated voltage being used directly for the electrolysis of a hydrogen-containing compound, in particular deionised water, in... Agent: Kaplan Gilman Gibson & Dernier L.L.P.

20070246371 - Method for removing diamond-like carbon film from a substrate: A method for removing a diamond-like carbon film on a substrate is provided. The diamond-like carbon film includes an amorphous carbon layer and an amorphous hydrogenated carbon layer formed on the amorphous hydrogen-free carbon layer. The method includes a step of electrolyzing the diamond-like carbon film in an acid solution.... Agent: PCe Industry, Inc. Att. Cheng-ju Chiang Jeffrey T. Knapp

20070246372 - Electrochemical machining tool and method for machining a product using the same: An electrochemical machining tool (1) for electrochemical machining includes an electrode body (11). The electrochemical machining tool (1) and associated method can conduct simultaneous electrochemical machining of at least two of a radial dynamic pressure generating groove (43), an axial dynamic pressure generating groove (44), and a removal of a... Agent: Adduci, Mastriani & Schaumberg

20070246373 - Integrated electrochemical hydrogen separation systems: Apparatus and operating methods are provided for integrated electrochemical hydrogen separation systems. In one possible embodiment, an electrical potential is applied between a first electrode and a second electrode of an electrochemical cell. The first electrode has a higher electrical potential with respect to zero than the second electrode. Electrical... Agent: H2 Pump, LLC

20070246374 - Performance management for integrated hydrogen separation and compression systems: Apparatus and operating methods are provided for integrated electrochemical hydrogen separation and compression systems. In one possible embodiment, an electrical connection is initiated between an anode and a cathode of an electrochemical cell. Hydrogen is ionized at the anode to flow protons through a proton exchange membrane to the cathode.... Agent: H2 Pump, LLC

20070240992 - High- purity ru powder, sputtering target obtained by sintering the same, thin film obtained by sputtering the target and process for producing high-purity ru powder: A high purity Ru powder wherein the content of the respective alkali metal elements such as Na and K is 10 wtppm or less, and the content of Al is in the range of 1 to 50 wtppm. Further provided is a manufacturing method of such high purity Ru powder... Agent: Howson And Howson

20070240993 - Electrochemical deposition method, electrochemical deposition apparatus, and microstructure: A positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 2 functioning as a working electrode are arranged oppositely in a liquid tank 5 containing an electrolytic (acid) solution (hereinafter referred to as “solution”) 4 in which plural substance are dissolved in an ionic state, and then a predetermined voltage is applied... Agent: Edwards Angell Palmer & Dodge LLP

20070240994 - Method and apparatus for electroplating small workpieces: A method for electroplating small workpieces includes the steps of: (A) providing a rotatable barrel which has an axis of rotation and a plurality of spaced-apart partition plates disposed one above the other; (B) mounting the barrel in a plating tank with the axis of rotation being inclined with respect... Agent: Ostrolenk Faber Gerb & Soffen

20070240995 - Electro-resistance element, electro-resistance memory using the same and method of manufacturing the same: An electro-resistance element that has a different configuration from conventional elements and is excellent in both affinity with semiconductor manufacturing processes and resistance change characteristics is provided. An electro-resistance element has two or more states in which electric resistance values between a pair of electrodes and is switchable from one... Agent: Hamre, Schumann, Mueller & Larson P.C.

20070240996 - Apparatus for collection and removal of gases from an aluminum reduction cell: An apparatus for collection and removal of gases emitted by an aluminum reduction cell is formed within an anode superstructure having two sidewalls spaced from each other. At least one gas transmitting channel having varying cross-section extends along the superstructure toward an end thereof associated with a gas treatment system.... Agent: Silber & Fridman

20070240997 - Method and apparatus for achieving maximum yield in the electrolytic preparation of group iv and v hydrides: A method for generating a hydride gas of metal M1 in an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode comprising metal M1, a sacrificial anode comprising metal M2, an initial concentration of aqueous electrolyte solution comprising a metal hydroxide, M3OH, wherein the sacrificial metal anode electrochemically oxidizes in the presence of the... Agent: Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Patent Department

20070240998 - Pulsed electrochemical detection method: In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a pulsed electrochemical detection method comprising (a) flowing a liquid sample stream including at least one analyte past a working electrode in a flow-through cell; (b) applying at least three pulsed electrical potentials to the working electrode, (1) a first conditioning... Agent: Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP

20070235341 - Plating apparatus, cartridge and copper dissolution tank for use in the plating apparatus, and plating method: A plating apparatus provided with: three copper dissolution tanks connected to a plating liquid circulation path for supplying copper ions to a plating liquid; a buffer container for supplying a replacement liquid into some of the copper dissolution tanks not in use; and an undiluted replacement liquid supplying section for... Agent: Ostrolenk Faber Gerb & Soffen

20070235342 - Method for manufacturing nanostructure: A method for manufacturing a nanostructure is provided, in which pores (3) having diameters on the order of nanometers (nm), the diameter decreasing as in a tapered shape, can be manufactured. The method includes repeated cycles of the alternate step of anodizing Al or an Al alloy (1) to form... Agent: Canon U.s.a. Inc. Intellectual Property Division

20070235343 - Process for electrolytically plating copper: An electrolytic copper plating process comprising two steps is proposed. The process is particularly suited to plating in very confined spaces. The first step comprises a pre-treatment solution comprising an anti-suppressor that comprises a sulfur containing organic compound, preferably incorporating an alkane sulfonate group or groups and/or an alkane sulfonic... Agent: John L. Cordani Carmody & Torrance LLP

20070235345 - Polishing method that suppresses hillock formation: An ECMP method that suppresses hillock formation on a substrate includes the step of buffing a substrate before a two-step electrochemical mechanical polishing process. The buffing step prevents hillocks from forming around the features of the substrate and does not interfere with the protrusion formation. The buffing step includes contacting... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070235344 - Process for high copper removal rate with good planarization and surface finish: A method for electrochemical mechanical polishing (ECMP) is disclosed. The polishing rate and surface finish of the layer on the wafer are improved by controlling the surface speed of both the platen and head, controlling the current applied to the pad, and preselecting the density of the perforations on the... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070235346 - System and methods for providing corrected analyte concentration measurements: Methods and devices for determining the concentration of a constituent in a physiological sample are provided. The physiological sample is introduced into an electrochemical cell having a working and counter electrode. At least one electrochemical signal is measured based on a reaction taking place at the cell. The preliminary concentration... Agent: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner LLP

20070235347 - Systems and methods for discriminating control solution from a physiological sample: Described herein are systems and methods for distinguishing between a control solution and a blood sample. In one aspect, the methods include using a test strip in which multiple current transients are measured by a meter electrically connected to an electrochemical test strip. The current transients are used to determine... Agent: Nutter Mcclennen & Fish LLP

20070235348 - Conducting polymer nanosensor: A method is provided for forming a thin film conducting polymer (24) for sensor applications. The method comprises forming at least one pair of electrodes (14, 16) on a substrate (12), the pair of electrodes (14, 16) having an insulating layer (18) positioned therebetween, the insulating layer (18) having a... Agent: Ingrassia Fisher & Lorenz, P.C.

20070227892 - Fluid injection apparatus and fabrication method thereof: A method for forming a fluid injection apparatus is disclosed. A patterned sacrificial layer is formed overlying a substrate. A electroplate seed layer is formed on the patterned sacrificial layer. A structural layer is formed overlying the electroplate seed layer and the substrate. The structural layer is patterned to form... Agent: Quintero Law Office, PC

20070227893 - Process for fabricating a monolayer or multilayer metal structure in liga technology, and structure obtained: The invention relates to a process for fabricating a monolayer or multilayer metal structure in LIGA technology, in which a photoresist layer is deposited on a flat metal substrate, a photoresist mold is created by irradiation or electron or ion bombardment, a metal or alloy is electroplated in this mold,... Agent: Westerman, Hattori, Daniels & Adrian, LLP

20070227894 - Substrate plating method and apparatus: A substrate plating method makes it possible to plate a metal, such as copper or a copper alloy, uniformly into fine recesses in a substrate without forming voids in the metal-filled recesses. The substrate plating method for filling a metal into fine recesses in a surface to be plated of... Agent: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack, L.L.P.

20070227895 - Crystalline chromium deposit: A crystalline chromium deposit having a lattice parameter of 2.8895±0.0025 Å, and an article including the crystalline chromium deposit. An article including a crystalline chromium deposit, wherein the crystalline chromium deposit has a {111} preferred orientation. A process for electrodepositing a crystalline chromium deposit on a substrate, including providing an... Agent: Renner, Otto, Boisssele & Sklar, LLP 19th Floor

20070227896 - Photoelectrolysis cells, and related devices and processes: A photoelectrolysis cell is described herein. The cell includes a photoelectrode based on a material having the general formula (Ln1−xMx)(Nb1−yTay)O1+xN2−x. Ln is at least one lanthanide element; M is at least one alkaline earth metal; 0≦x≦0.99; and 0≦y≦1. The photoelectrolysis cell further includes a counter-electrode formed from at least one... Agent: General Electric Company Global Research

20070227897 - Process for the preparation of sucralose: A process for preparing sucrose-6-ester is provided, which comprises electrolyzing an electrolyte solution containing sucrose, an acylating reagent and a halide catalyst. Also disclosed is a process for preparing sucralose, which involves the preparation and chlorination of sucrose-6-ester followed by deacylation of the molecule. The process of the invention can... Agent: Lathrop & Gage Lc

20070227898 - Method for electrochemical production of a crystalline porous metal organic skeleton material: A method of electrochemically preparing a crystalline, porous, metal-organic framework material comprising at least one at least bidentate organic compound coordinately bound to at least one metal ion, in a reaction medium comprising the at least one bidentate organic compound, wherein at least one metal ion is provided in the... Agent: Oblon, Spivak, Mcclelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C.

20070227900 - Performance enhancement via water management in electrochemical cells: Techniques are provided for system operation and performance management of electrochemical cells. Electrochemical cells using polybenzimidazole (PBI) proton exchange membranes may be used. In certain embodiments, performance enhancements are achieved through water management via anode and/or cathode humidification, and reactant air injection.... Agent: H2 Pump, LLC

20070227899 - Storing and transporting energy: Among other things, hydrogen is released from water at a first location using energy from a first energy source; the released hydrogen is stored in a metal hydride slurry; and the metal hydride slurry is transported to a second location remote from the first location.... Agent: Fish & Richardson PC

20070227901 - Temperature control for ecmp process: A method and apparatus for temperature control of an ECMP process is provided. In one embodiment, an apparatus for polishing a substrate is provided. The apparatus includes a platen assembly having a support surface, the platen assembly disposed on a stationary base so that the platen assembly may rotate relative... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070227902 - Removal profile tuning by adjusting conditioning sweep profile on a conductive pad: A method for controlling the removal rate of material from a substrate during a polishing process is described. In one embodiment, the pre-polish profile of the substrate is determined and polishing pad conditioning parameters are adjusted based on that profile. Parameters such as conditioning head sweep range and frequency, and... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070227903 - Precious metal recovery: Precious metals can be selectively removed from a solution containing an excess of base metals by electrolysis in a divided cell. This necessitates controlling the pH of the solution, and controlling the voltage applied to the electrodes, such that precious metals are deposited preferentially on the electrode in contact with... Agent: Law Offices Of William H. Holt

20070227904 - Process for sewage water purification: Process and apparatus to remove colloids and nitrogen compounds from contaminated water by coagulating the colloids and separating them from the water. The water is then continuously oxidized with chlorine electrolytically to destroy the nitrogen compounds.... Agent: Baker & Mckenzie LLP

20070227905 - Electrolytic deposition treatment apparatus and method: The electrolytic deposition treatment apparatus comprises a cathode(3) for depositing metal ions in water to be treated as metal, a cation exchange membrane(4) disposed so as to face the cathode(3), and an anode(6) disposed so as to face the cation exchange membrane(4) through a cation exchanger(5). The water to be... Agent: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack, L.L.P.

20070227907 - Methods and materials for controlling the electrochemistry of analyte sensors: Embodiments of the invention provide electrochemical analyte sensors having elements designed to modulate their electrochemical reactions as well as methods for making and using such sensors.... Agent: Gates & Cooper LLP Howard Hughes Center

20070227906 - Redox potential mediated carbon nanotubes biosensing in homogeneous format: Nanosensors for detecting analytes and methods of detecting analytes have been developed in which the redox potential of a redox effector in solution is altered thereby causing changes in carbon nanotube conductance. The analyte may be detected in solution, eliminating the need for immobilizing the analyte on a support.... Agent: E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Legal Patent Records Center

20070227908 - Electrochemical cell sensor: An apparatus for detecting the concentration of an analyte in a carrier including a housing having a working end, a membrane covering at least a portion of the working end, the membrane being substantially permeable to the analyte and substantially impermeable to the carrier, wherein the housing and the membrane... Agent: Thompson Hine L.L.P. Intellectual Property Group

20070227909 - Electrochemical sensor having a mediator compound: An electrochemical sensor, especially for gases, is provided having a mediator compound based on transition metal salts of polybasic acids and/or transition metal salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. The electrochemical sensor also contains a DLC, BDD or a precious metal thin-layer measuring electrode (3). The electrochemical sensor may be used for... Agent: Mcglew & Tuttle, PC

20070227910 - Electrochemical gas sensor: An electrochemical gas sensor is provided with a carbon-based measuring electrode (3) that it can be used for a large number of electrochemical detection reactions and can be manufactured at a low cost. The measuring electrode (3) contains carbon nanotubes.... Agent: Mcglew & Tuttle, PC

20070227911 - Analyte sensors and methods of use: In vitro analyte sensors and methods of analyte determination are provided. Embodiments include sensors that include a pair of electrodes to monitor filling of the sample chamber with sample.... Agent: Merchant & Gould PC

20070227912 - Methods and apparatus for analyzing a sample in the presence of interferents: Disclosed herein are methods and apparatus for determining analyte concentration in a rapid and accurate manner. The methods include depositing a physiological sample in an electrochemical cell and finding a first and second current transient. Peak current values are obtained from the first and second peak current values and used... Agent: Lifescan/nutter Mcclennen & Fish LLP