Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions inventions 03/07

20070068818 - Electroplating systems and methods: An electroplating system is provided. The system comprises a reaction tank, a tube, and a video bubble detector. The reaction tank, having a first diameter, contains a plating solution. The tube, connecting to the reaction tank, comprises an inflow tube and a branch, wherein the inflow tube inputs the plating... Agent: Thomas, Kayden, Horstemeyer & Risley, LLP

20070068819 - Electroplating apparatus based on an array of anodes: The present invention generally relates to apparatus and methods for plating conductive materials on a substrate. One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for plating a conductive material on a substrate. The apparatus comprises a fluid basin configured to retain an electrolyte, a contact ring configured to support... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070068820 - Electrolytic copper process using anion permeable barrier: Processes and systems for electrolytically processing a microfeature workpiece with a first processing fluid and an anode are described. Microfeature workpieces are electrolytically processed using a first processing fluid, an anode, a second processing fluid, and an anion permeable barrier layer. The anion permeable barrier layer separates the first processing... Agent: Christensen, O'connor, Johnson, Kindness, PLLC

20070068821 - Method of manufacturing chromium plated article and chromium plating apparatus: A pulse current from a pulse current supply side is fed to a middle part of an anode holding body to which anodes are connected; both end portions of a cathode holding body, to which cathodes are connected, are connected to a negative pole on the pulse power source side;... Agent: Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack, L.L.P.

20070068822 - Method for fabricating metal wires: A method for fabricating metal wires is disclosed. A substrate is first provided, and a first metal layer is formed over the surface of the substrate. Next, a mask with patterns is formed on the surface of the substrate, in which the first metal layer is partially exposed. Next, an... Agent: North America Intellectual Property Corporation

20070068823 - Tin electroplating solution and tin electroplating method: To provide a tin electroplating solution devoid of harmful lead and having excellent solder wettability, and a method for depositing a tin film on electronic parts using such a tin electroplating solution. The tin electroplating solution includes organic acids, a naphtholsulfonic acid and, as needed, an antioxidant and a surfactant... Agent: John J. Piskorski Rohm And Haas Electronic Materials LLC

20070068824 - Controlled electrochemical deposition of polysaccharide films and hydrogels, and materials formed therefrom: A method is provided for electrochemically depositing a polysaccharide mass having a selected physical state. According to an embodiment, an electrically conductive support of a substrate is contacted with an aqueous solution including a selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide, and the selectively insolubilizable polysaccharide is electrochemically deposited on the electrically conductive support... Agent: Edell, Shapiro & Finnan, LLC

20070068825 - Cooling device for end-box of mercury cathode chlor-alkali cells: The invention describes heat exchange devices for dry-type inlet end-boxes of mercury cathode chlor-alkali electrolysis cells. The devices increase the heat exchange between recycled mercury and feed brine with the purpose of reducing the temperature of mercury to a substantial extent The devices consist of a first element directed to... Agent: Hedman & Costigan P.C.

20070068826 - Electrocoagulation reactor: An electrocoagulation reactor is provided for treating waste water and removing contaminants therefrom. The reactor is typically a six sided rectangular water tight housing which has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. There are a multiplicity of charged plates located parallel to one another within the housing. Adjacent plates... Agent: Daniel D. Chapman Jackson Walker, LLP

20070062815 - Method for stabilized polishing process: A method for electrochemically processing a substrate is provided. In one embodiment, a method for electrochemically processing a substrate includes processing a substrate using a multi-step routine that includes a first processing period performed using a varying voltage to achieve a target removal current followed by a second processing period... Agent: Patterson & Sheridan, LLP

20070062816 - Method of electroplating printed circuit board using magnetic field having periodic directionality: Disclosed is a method of electroplating a printed circuit board using a magnetic field having periodic directionality, in which the printed circuit board is electroplated using a magnetic field that is generated substantially perpendicular to a current direction and that has periodic directionality between a forward wave and a reverse... Agent: Staas & Halsey LLP

20070062818 - Electroplating composition intended for coating a surface of a substrate with a metal: The object of the present invention is an electroplating composition intended in particular for coating a copper-diffusion barrier layer in the fabrication of interconnects for integrated circuits. According to the invention, this composition comprises, in solution in a solvent: a source of copper ions, in a concentration of between 0.4... Agent: Hamre, Schumann, Mueller & Larson, P.C.

20070062817 - Method of coating a surface of a substrate with a metal by electroplating: The object of the present invention is a method of coating a surface of a substrate with copper by electroplating. According to the invention, this method comprises: a step during which the said surface to be coated is brought into contact with an electroplating bath while the said surface is... Agent: Hamre, Schumann, Mueller & Larson, P.C.

20070062819 - Control system for multi-layer chemical mechanical polishing process and control method for the same: A method for controlling an apparatus to perform a multi-layer chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process with a polishing rate for a plurality of process runs. For each process run, a multilayered structure with a first thickness formed on a wafer is polished and a second thickness of the multilayered structure... Agent: J C Patents, Inc.

20070062820 - Fuel cell cogeneration system: The invention integrates three general operations: the electrolysis of water to produce oxygen and hydrogen gases; the use of the generated oxygen to promote microbial decay of organic substances as in wastewater treatment; and the generation of electrical power by hydrogen-fueled fuel cells. Electrolysis of water provides the molecular oxygen... Agent: Morrison & Foerster LLP

20070062821 - Porous electroconductive material and process for production thereof; electrode and process for production thereof; fuel cell and process for production thereof; and electronic instrument, mobile machine, electric power generating system, cogeneration sys: A porous electroconductive material is provided. The electroconductive material enables efficient enzymatic metabolic reactions on electrodes and yields electrodes having immobilized enzymes thereon which remain stable in any working environment. The porous electroconductive material, which has a three-dimensional network structure, is formed from a skeleton of porous material and a... Agent: Bell, Boyd & Lloyd, LLP

20070062822 - Method of measuring hematocrit (hct), sensor used in the method, and measuring device: The present invention provides a method of electrochemically measuring a hematocrit (Hct) value using a sensor, capable of achieving excellent measurement accuracy and reliability and also provides a sensor used in the method. The method of electrochemically measuring a hematocrit (Hct) value of blood include: providing an electrode system having... Agent: Hamre, Schumann, Mueller & Larson P.C.

20070056855 - Method of making an electroplated interconnection wire of a composite of metal and carbon nanotubes: Method of making an electroplated interconnection wire of a composite of metal and carbon nanotubes is disclosed, including electroplating a substrate having a conductive baseline on a surface thereof in an electroplating bath containing a metal ion and carbon nanotubes, so that an electroplated interconnection wire of a composite of... Agent: Bacon & Thomas, PLLC

20070056856 - Apparatus and method for electrically contacting wafer in electronic chemical plating cell: An apparatus and method for electrically contacting a wafer in an electronic chemical plating cell includes a plating bath containing an electrolytic solution therein, an anode member arranged at a lower portion in the plating bath, a support member for arranging a wafer at an upper portion in the plating... Agent: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner LLP

20070056857 - Method for disposing pcb through electrolysis: A method for disposing of PCB including the steps of: putting a PCB containing liquid in an electrolysis tank; inserting an anode electric rod and a cathode electrode rod into the PCB containing liquid in the electrolysis tank; applying a high voltage current to the anode and cathode electrode rods;... Agent: Koda & Androlia

20070056859 - Efficacious scalp health predictor: A device is provided for measuring the moisture content of skin, such as the scalp. The device comprises (a) a body portion containing a sensor circuit therein, said sensor circuit operable to generate a signal correlated to the moisture content of said scalp, said body portion having a first color;... Agent: The Procter & Gamble Company Intellectual Property Division

20070056858 - In vitro analyte sensor, and methods: In vitro electrochemical sensor that provide accurate and repeatable analysis of a sample of biological fluid are provided. In some embodiments, the sensors have a measurement zone that has a volume less than the volume of the sample chamber. The measurement zone could have a volume of no more than... Agent: Merchant & Gould PC

20070056860 - Sensor control apparatus and method: A sensor control apparatus comprising an air/fuel ratio sensor having a sensor cell with a pair of electrodes, a current source capable of supplying a predetermined current between the electrodes, a current control section that turns on/off the current source, a voltage detecting section that detects voltages generated between the... Agent: Sughrue Mion, PLLC

20070051631 - Electrolytic cell or fuel cell with pressure pads and improved transfer resistance: The invention relates to an electrochemical battery, in particular a fuel cell battery or electrolytic cell battery comprising several electrolytic electrode units, a number of cooling cards for respectively cooling at least one of the electrolytic electrode units and at least one pressure chamber, which can be impinged by a... Agent: Siemens Corporation Intellectual Property Department

20070051632 - Polishing method, polishing apparatus, plating method, and plating apparatus: A polishing method and polishing apparatus able to easily flatten an initial unevenness with an excellent efficiency of removal of excess copper film and suppress damage to a lower interlayer insulation film, and a plating method and plating apparatus able to deposit a flat copper film. The polishing method comprises... Agent: Robert J. Depke Lewis T. Steadman

20070051633 - System and method of hydrogen and oxygen production: The invention is an apparatus and method for producing hydrogen and oxygen gas from an aqueous liquid utilizing a direct current power source. The apparatus utilizes an outer reaction chamber having a plurality of cathodes therein and an inner reaction chamber having an anode disposed therein. A direct current power... Agent: Middleton & Reutlinger

20070051634 - Electrodepositable coating compositions and related methods: An electrodepositable coating composition is provided including a resinous phase and corrosion resisting particles dispersed in an aqueous medium. Methods of preparing and using the composition also are provided.... Agent: Ppg Industries Inc Intellectual Property Dept

20070051635 - Plating apparatus and method for controlling conductor deposition on predetermined portions of a wafer: A plating apparatus and method for deposition of a conductive material on a semiconductor wafer having surface portions and cavity portions. A differential in an adsorbed concentration of an additive, including accelerators or suppressors, between a surface portion and a cavity portion of a wafer surface is established in a... Agent: Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP

20070051636 - Process for producing metal foams having uniform cell structure: A method for producing porous metal plated polymeric foam having uniform pore properties. Polymeric foam buns are horizontally cut along a longitudinal surface thereby lifting off a foam sheet. The sheet is spooled and then reticulated to remove any remaining cell walls and to round off the internal pore struts... Agent: Inco Patents & Licensing

20070051637 - Anodization process of long-length aluminum plate, anodization apparatus and aluminum support for planographic printing plate material: An object of the present invention is to provide a process of anodizing a long-length aluminum plate, which reduces loss of electricity. Also disclosed is an anodization process of the above plate, employing an anodization apparatus possessing an electrolyte tank, an anode, a cathode and an electric insulator with an... Agent: Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner LLP

20070051638 - Electropolishing liquid, electropolishing method, and method for fabricating semiconductor device: In an electropolishing method for planarizing the surface of a metallic film to be polished by moving a polishing pad (15) in sliding contact with the metallic film surface while oxidizing the metallic film surface through an electrolytic action in an electropolishing liquid E, the electropolishing liquid E contains at... Agent: Robert J. Depke Lewis T. Steadman

20070051639 - Membrane-mediated electropolishing: This invention provides a membrane-mediated electropolishing process for polishing and/or planarizing metal work pieces. The work piece is wetted with a low-conductivity fluid. The wetted work piece is contacted with a first side of a charge-selective ion-conducting membrane, wherein the second side contacts a conductive electrolyte solution in electrical contact... Agent: Morgan Lewis & Bockius LLP

20070051640 - Electrochemical treatment of an aqueous solution: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for producing an output solution having a predetermined level of available free chlorine including two or more parallel production lines. Each production line includes an electrolytic cell, means for passing a saline solution having a substantially constant chloride ion concentration through the... Agent: Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP

20070051641 - Oxides of nitrogen gas sensors and methods: Apparatus and methods for measuring NOx concentrations are disclosed. One method includes the steps of providing a gas stream having a NO concentration and a NO2 concentration, wherein a sum of the NO concentration and the NO2 concentration is a total NOx concentration; contacting the gas stream with a first... Agent: Honeywell International Inc.

20070045119 - Methods and apparatus for sorting and/or depositing nanotubes: Methods and apparatus for forming devices using nanotubes. In one embodiment, an apparatus for depositing nanotubes onto a workpiece comprises a vessel configured to contain a deposition fluid having a plurality of nanotubes including first nanotubes having a first characteristic and second nanotubes having a second characteristic. The apparatus further... Agent: Perkins Coie LLP Patent-sea

20070045121 - Electrochemically fabricated hermetically sealed microstructures and methods of and apparatus for producing such structures: In some embodiments, multilayer structures are electrochemically fabricated from at least one structural material (e.g. nickel), at least one sacrificial material (e.g. copper), and at least one sealing material (e.g. solder). In some embodiments, the layered structure is made to have a desired configuration which is at least partially and... Agent: Microfabrica Inc. Att: Dennis R. Smalley

20070045120 - Methods and apparatus for filling features in microfeature workpieces: Methods and apparatus for filling features on microfeature workpieces. One embodiment of a method for filling features on a microfeature workpiece comprises contacting a surface of the microfeature workpiece with a plating solution having a plating species and an accelerator, and electrochemically depositing the plating species onto the workpiece until... Agent: Perkins Coie LLP Patent-sea

20070045122 - Methods of and apparatus for electrochemically fabricating structures via interlaced layers or via selective etching and filling of voids: Multi-layer structures are electrochemically fabricated by depositing a first material, selectively etching the first material (e.g. via a mask), depositing a second material to fill in the voids created by the etching, and then planarizing the depositions so as to bound the layer being created and thereafter adding additional layers... Agent: Microfabrica Inc. Att: Dennis R. Smalley

20070045123 - Methods of forming integrated circuit devices having metal interconnect layers therein: Methods of forming metal interconnect layers include forming an electrically insulating layer having a contact hole therein, on a semiconductor substrate and then forming a recess in the electrically insulating layer, at a location adjacent the contact hole. The contact hole and the recess are then filled with a first... Agent: Myers Bigel Sibley & Sajovec

20070045124 - Induction reflow apparatus and method of using the same: A method for manufacturing an electrical contact includes providing a series of electrical contacts joined on a carrier strip to a plating station followed by an induction heating station. At the plating station, plating the electrical contacts with a conductive alloy coating to form coated electrical contacts. At the induction... Agent: Lisa B. Vaccarelli Tyco Technology Resources

20070045125 - Electrochemical cell for production of synthesis gas using atmospheric air and water: A method is provided for synthesizing synthesis gas from carbon dioxide obtained from atmospheric air or other available carbon dioxide source and water using a sodium-conducting electrochemical cell. Synthesis gas is also produced by the coelectrolysis of carbon dioxide and steam in a solid oxide fuel cell or solid oxide... Agent: Ceramatec, Inc.

20070045126 - Oxidizable species as an internal reference for biosensors and method of use: A biosensor (102) for determining the presence or amount of a substance in a sample and methods of use of the biosensor (102) are provided. The biosensor (102) for receiving a user sample to be analyzed includes a mixture for electrochemical reaction with an analyte. The mixture includes an enzyme,... Agent: Bayer Healthcare, LLC

20070045127 - Oxidizable species as an internal reference for biosensors and method of use: According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electrochemical sensor (10) for detecting the concentration of analyte in a fluid test sample is disclosed. The sensor (10) includes a counter electrode having a high-resistance portion for use in detecting whether a predetermined amount of sample has been received by... Agent: Bayer Healthcare, LLC

20070045128 - Chlorine dioxide sensor: A sensor is disclosed that includes an electrolyte pump in fluid communication with an electrochemical cell and an ion selective electrode. The electrochemical cell may include a gold cathode and a platinum anode. The sensor may include an electrolyte reservoir as well as an optional electrolyte waste reservoir. Methods of... Agent: Honeywell International Inc.

20070045129 - Gas sensor: A gas sensor is provided for detecting one or more gases in a gas sample. The gas sensor includes a substrate, a solid electrolyte layer including lanthanum oxide for sensing carbon dioxide, a heating element thermally coupled to the solid electrolyte layer, and a controller coupled to the heating element... Agent: Honeywell International Inc.