Electrolysis: processes, compositions used therein, and methods of preparing the compositions inventions 10/06

20060237319 - Planting process and manufacturing process for semiconductor device thereby, and plating apparatus: An objective of this invention is to reliably form a plating film. The following two steps are sequentially conducted: step 101 of connecting a film-formation surface of a wafer 109 to a cathode electrode 107, making the film-formation surface inclined from the surface of a plating solution 103 and immersing...

20060237320 - Method for forming a metal layer in multiple steps: A method for forming a metal layer having a predetermined thickness on an underlying material is disclosed. According to the method, the underlying material is electroplated to form the metal layer having a fraction of the predetermined thickness thereon. The step of electroplating is interrupted for a predetermined period of...

20060237321 - Method of forming conductive tracks: A patterned electrical conductor is obtained by exposing, to a desired conductive pattern, a photosensitive element comprising a support and a photosensitive material coated thereon which is sensitive to the wavelength of exposing radiation and capable of providing a latent image upon exposure, developing the exposed element to form a...

20060237323 - Electrolytic process using cation permeable barrier: Processes and systems for electrolytically processing a microfeature workpiece with a first processing fluid and an anode are described. Microfeature workpieces are electrolytically processed using a first processing fluid, an anode, a second processing fluid, and a cation permeable barrier layer. The cation permeable barrier layer separates the first processing...

20060237322 - Printed circuit board for improving impedance of signal transmission lines: A printed circuit board includes a first ground layer and a second ground layer. The second ground layer is below the first ground layer. A signal transmission line is arranged on the printed circuit board. The first ground layer includes a chamber located below the transmission line. Therefore, the signal...

20060237324 - Pulse plating process for deposition of gold-tin alloy: The invention relates to a solution for use in connection with the deposition of a gold-tin alloy on an electroplatable substrate. This solution generally includes water, stannous tin ions, a complexing agent to render the stannous tin ions soluble, and complexed gold ions. Optionally, a deposit conditioning agent can be...

20060237325 - Cu ecp planarization by insertion of polymer treatment step between gap fill and bulk fill steps: The method generally includes filling features in a substrate by plating metal ions from a gap fill solution onto the substrate, reducing plating activity in the features in a polymer treatment step by conditioning the substrate surface with a conditioning solution, and plating the substrate surface to a desired thickness...

20060237326 - Method for treating surface of magnesium or magnesium alloy: A method for surface treatment is disclosed. The method is achieved by forming a MgO film on a metal surface through anode processing of Mg or Mg alloy in an alkaline solution. The alkaline solution includes a hydroxide, a thickening agent, and a film adjusting agent. As the method is...

20060237327 - Thermal and electrochemical process for metal production: A method of winning a metal from its oxide ore by heating the ore in a partial vacuum or under an inert atmosphere in the presence of a reductant. The resulting product may be further reduced electrochemically to produce a purer metal....

20060237328 - Hydro-oxy fuel generator: The Hydro-Oxy Fuel Generator is an electro/chemical system that can convert ionized water into its molecular components (Hydrogen and Oxygen). The system is portable and can mounted on-board in a stationary position on vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, trains, etc.) that uses hydrogen and oxygen as an alternative fuel source. The...

20060237329 - Chemical etch assisted spark machining head: The present invention concerns a chemical etch assisted spark machining head, characterized in that it includes a body through which an electrode extends and which defines a counter-electrode extending radially around the electrode, said body including means for feeding an electrolytic liquid into the space delimited by the electrode and...

20060237330 - Algorithm for real-time process control of electro-polishing: Method and apparatus for process control of electro-processes. The method includes electro-processing a wafer by the application of two or more biases and determining an amount of charge removed as a result of each bias, separately. In one embodiment, an endpoint is determined for each bias when the amount of...

20060237331 - Detection of sealing by means of noise analysis: The invention relates to a method for determining the sealing of a substance on a support by determining the electrical noise....

20060237332 - Electrochemical detection method: There is disclosed a method of measuring formation of a barrier to restrict or reduce movement of an electroactive species. The method comprises providing an electrochemical cell (1, 2, 3) having a working electrode (23, 24) and a counter electrode (23, 24) spaced from the working electrode, providing a subject...

20060237333 - Method for the detection of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas stream: In a method and device for the detection of CO in a hydrogen-rich gas stream, detection takes place with the aid of a miniature electrochemical cell and is based on the principle that carbon monoxide that moves past the anode screens the anode material, as a result of which the...

20060231407 - Method of fabricating tft array substrate and metal layer thereof: A method of fabricating a TFT array substrate and a metal layer thereof is provided. First, a substrate having a first patterned metal layer disposed thereon is provided, wherein the first patterned metal layer is formed by an electroplating method. Then, a gate insulating layer is formed on the substrate,...

20060231408 - Plating method and electronic device: A plating method includes the steps of (a) forming a roughened area in a predetermined area of a substrate, (b) forming a surface-active agent layer above at least the roughened area, (c) forming, above the roughened area, a catalyst layer above the surface-active agent layer, and (d) precipitating a metal...

20060231409 - Plating solution, conductive material, and surface treatment method of conductive material: A plating solution including a copper salt, an organic phosphonic acid compound, and at least one compound or ions selected from an amine, α-amino acid, ammonium ions, carbonic acid ions, carboxylic acid ions, dicarboxylic acid ions, sulfuric acid ions, and thiosulfuric acid ions and a method of treating the surface...

20060231410 - Stable anodes including iron oxide and use of such anodes in metal production cells: Stable anodes comprising iron oxide useful for the electrolytic production of metal such as aluminum are disclosed. The iron oxide may comprise Fe3O4, Fe2O3, FeO or a combination thereof. During the electrolytic aluminum production process, the anodes remain stable at a controlled bath temperature of the aluminum production cell and...

20060231411 - Neutralization and containment of redox species produced by circumferential electrodes: There is disclosed an electrode array architecture employing continuous and discontinuous circumferential electrodes. There is further disclosed a process for the neutralization of acid generated at anode(s) by base generated at cathode(s) circumferentially located to each other so as to confine a region of pH change. The cathodes can be...

20060231412 - Combinatorial synthesis on arrays: The present invention provides methods for synthesizing arrays of polymers. A barrier to a reaction is applied to select features of the array thereby limiting the reaction to the remaining features....

20060231414 - Contacts for electrochemical processing: Systems and methods for electrochemically processing a substrate. A contact element defines a substrate contact surface positionable in contact a substrate during processing. In one embodiment, the contact element comprises a wire element. In another embodiment the contact element is a rotating member. In one embodiment, the contact element comprises...

20060231413 - Method of manufacturing a support for a lithographic printing plate: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a lithographic printing plate support wherein an aluminum plate is subjected at least to, in order, a mechanical graining treatment in which the aluminum plate is grained to a mean surface roughness Ra of 0.25 to 0.40 μm using a brush and a slurry...

20060231415 - Electrolysis cell and method: A zero-gap solid polymer electrolyte electrolysis cell is provided comprising an anode; a cathode; and an ion exchange membrane disposed between the anode and the cathode; wherein the cathode is a catalyst comprising a hydrogen sorbing material. The cell can be used in the dehalogenation of halogenated organic compounds and...

20060231416 - Method for protecting metal-containing structures, deposited on substrate against corrosion: A method for protecting metal-containing structures, in particular electrically conductive structures, deposited on a substrate, against corrosive attacks, in particular electrocorrosion attacks. The method applies at least temporarily to the structure a passivation electric voltage in the passivation range of the conductive material concerned....

20060231418 - Determination of partial fill in electrochemical strips: Partial fill of an electrochemical test strip is determined by making a DC determination of double layer capacitance from charging or discharging charge on a test strip containing sample, for example a blood sample to be tested for glucose. The measured double layer capacitance is compared to a reference value....

20060231420 - Explosives detection sensor: A solid state electrochemical gas sensor for detecting trace amounts of explosive materials and a method of detecting such explosives. The sensor has at least two electrodes. The at least two electrodes include a first catalytic electrode and a second catalytic electrode that are dissimilar and an electrolyte disposed between...

20060231419 - Molecular resonant tunneling sensor and methods of fabricating and using the same: Resonant tunneling devices and methods of using and fabricating the same are provided. The subject devices include a first and second fluid containment members separated by a fluid barrier having a single nanopore therein providing fluid communication between the first and second fluid containment members, wherein the nanopore has a...

20060231417 - Test strip coding and quality measurement: A test strip and analytical apparatus have pin connections permitting the definition of geographic regions or of particular customers. A test strip made for use in a particular region or for a particular customer will have pin connections matching features of the apparatus made for use in that region...

20060231421 - Method for determination of analyte concentrations and related apparatus: A method is provided for determining analyte concentrations, for example glucose concentrations, that utilizes a dynamic determination of the appropriate time for making a glucose measurement, for example when a current versus time curve substantially conforms to a Cottrell decay, or when the current is established in a plateau region....

20060231422 - Switched gas sensor: Apparatus and methods for measuring gas component concentrations are disclosed. The method includes measuring a total gas concentration, including a first gaseous component and a second gaseous component, in an atmosphere with a gas sensor. The gas sensor includes a first cell and a second cell. The first cell is...

20060231423 - Analyte determination method and analyte meter: The presence of oxygen or red blood cells in a sample applied to an electrochemical test strip that makes use of a reduced mediator is corrected for by an additive correction factor that is determined as a function of the temperature of the sample and a measurement that reflects the...

20060231424 - Error detection in analyte measurements based on measurement of system resistance: Measurement of the series resistance of a working and counter electrode pair in an electrochemical test strip provide error detection for multiple variations in the quality of the test strip, as well as the operation of strip in the test meter. In particular, a single measurement of series resistance can...

20060231425 - Method and apparatus for detection of abnormal traces during electrochemical analyte detection: Detection of abnormal signal traces in electrochemical measurements generated using an electrochemical test strip to which a potential is applied allows for an indication of an erroneous analyte determination. The current trace has an expected shape in which a peak current is observed a time tpeak after which there is...

20060226014 - Method and process for improved uniformity of electrochemical plating films produced in semiconductor device processing: A method and device for ECP copper deposition into openings and over a surface of a semiconductor substrate provides a final deposited film with a uniform height across the substrate. The substrate is submerged in an ECP electrolyte solution with accelerants formed on a dielectric surface and in and over...

20060226015 - Method of forming electrically isolated structures using thin dielectric coatings: Electrochemical fabrication processes and apparatus for producing multi-layer structures where each layer includes the deposition of at least two materials and wherein the formation of at least some layers including operations for providing coatings of dielectric material that isolate at least-portions of a first conductive material from (1) other portions...

20060226016 - Microneedles and method of fabricating thereof: Low cost methods for fabricating microneedles are disclosed. According to one embodiment, the fabrication method includes the steps of: providing a substrate; forming a metal-containing seed layer on the top surface of the substrate; forming a nonconductive pattern on a portion of the seed layer; plating a first metal on...

20060226017 - Continuous plating system and method with mask registration: A continuous plating system with mask registration is disclosed herein that uses drums and rollers with protruding pins which engage with guide holes in a masking belt and a lead frame. Through engagement with the pins the masking belt is keyed to the lead frame as the lead frame passes...

20060226018 - Plating apparatus, plating method, and method for manufacturing semiconductor device: A plating apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a plating tank 100 in which an anode electrode 5 is provided, the plating apparatus performing the plating by (i) streaming a plating solution and an electrolytic liquid into the plating tank 100, (ii) emitting a jet of the...

20060226019 - Die-level wafer contact for direct-on-barrier plating: The present invention provides a semiconductor workpiece support and contact assembly for providing localized electrical connections with the device side of the workpiece. The additional contact points help overcome the terminal effect caused by very high sheet resistance of thin barrier layers and enable plating a conformal seed layer or...

20060226020 - Plating method for aluminum alloy material: There is provided a method of applying plating to an aluminum alloy material, which comprises a step of cathodic acid electrolysis as a pretreatment for the plating for removing insoluble matters from the aluminum alloy generated in a previous alkaline-etching step....

20060226021 - Mixture of oligomeric phenazinium compounds and acid bath for electrolytically depositing a copper deposit: For the reproducible manufacturing of particularly uniform and brilliant i.e., highly bright copper coatings that are leveled and ductile as well, a copper plating bath is utilized that contains as an additive a mixture of oligomeric phenazinium compounds. The mixture contains at least one phenazinium compound selected from the group...

20060226022 - Electrolytic method to make alkali alcoholates using ceramic ion conducting solid membranes: Disclosed are processes of making solutions of alkali alkoxides in their corresponding alcohols using an electrolytic process. In one embodiment, sodium methoxide in methanol is made from methanol and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, where the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is present in the anolyte compartment and a solution of sodium...

20060226023 - Neutralization system for electrochemical chlorine dioxide generators: An electrochemical chlorine dioxide generator with a neutralization system includes a pH treatment tank for receiving waste products from the electrochemical generation process such as anolyte and catholyte wastes. A neutralization solution tank is fluidly connected to the pH treatment tank. A neutralization feed pump transfers a neutralization solution to...

20060226024 - Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode: The present invention relates, generally, to a method and apparatus for electrowinning metals, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for copper electrowinning using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode, such as, for example, a dimensionally stable carbon, carbon composite, metal-graphite, or stainless steel anode. In general,...

20060226025 - Electrochemical removal of die coatings: Methods of uniformly removing coatings from metallic substrates, such as tools and dies, without damaging the surface of the underlying substrate are provided. The processes are optimized for steel substrates with metallic carbide or nitride coatings. The methods encompass aqueous electrochemical removal using stirred, low temperature, basic electrolytes. Following removal...

20060226026 - Method and apparatus for the production of aluminium: Disclosed is a method for the continuous production of aluminum from alumina including a first step of converting alumina (Al2O3) into aluminum sulfide (Al2S3) and a second step of separation of aluminum from aluminum sulfide in a separating reactor. Wherein in the first step in a conversion reactor alumina is...

20060226027 - Electrochemical reduction of metal oxides: An electrolytic cell for electrochemically reducing metal oxide powders and/or pellets is disclosed. The cell includes a cathode (25) in the form of a plate that has an upper surface for supporting metal oxide powders and/or pellets. The plate is horizontally disposed or slightly inclined and has a forward end...

20060226028 - System and method for detecting interaction between substances by superimposingly applying sinusoidal voltage: Disclosed herein is a system for detecting interaction between substances includes a reaction field for allowing the interaction to proceed between the substances, and a voltage application section for applying a voltage to a working electrode arranged facing the reaction field such that a predetermined electrodynamic effect is given to...

20060226029 - Measuring apparatus for ulcerative colitis diagnosis/prognostic test and method of measuring: A measurement apparatus for ulcerative colitis diagnosis and prognostic test according to the present invention comprises a solution mixing unit (15) for mixing an eluent and a quinone solution, the eluent being supplied from a system including a tank (9) in which the eluent used for acid separation is stored,...

20060226030 - Capacitative biosensor element and method for detecting hybridization events: A sensor element is for detecting DNA single strands which are possibly contained in an analyte. The sensor element includes a substrate and at least two electrodes in and/or on the substrate. In a surface area of the substrate, catcher molecules are immobilized and are adapted to hybridize to DNA...

20060219560 - Method of manufacturing master disks for magnetic transferring, system of controlling content concentrations in electroforming bath, and magnetic recording medium: A method of manufacturing master disks for magnetic transferring, by which a metal disk of a prescribed thickness is formed by electroforming over an original disk on which a convexo-concave pattern matching transfer information is formed, a master substrate is fabricated from the metal disk peeled off the original disk,...

20060219561 - Method for manufacturing a master disk for magnetic transfer: m

20060219563 - System and method of controlling the demarcation line formed on partially electroplated articles: A processing system, electroplating cell, and method of reducing the ration (i.e., demarcation line) that often forms on articles undergoing a partial plating process. The processing system may include a loading station, pre-processing station, electroplating station, post-processing station, unloading station, and a transport system that transports the articles to the...

20060219562 - System and method of transporting and providing a cathode contact to articles in an electroplating system: A processing system, electroplating cell, transport system, cathode contact subsystem and method of providing a cathode contact to the articles being transported within an electroplating cell. The processing system may include a loading station, pre-processing station, electroplating station, post-processing station, unloading station, and a transport system that transports the articles...

20060219564 - Conductivity sensor and manufacturing method therefor: A contacting-type conductivity sensor includes a plurality of electrodes disposed on a distal surface of a substrate. The substrate includes a plurality of vias through which electrical interconnection to the electrodes is accomplished. The conductivity sensor can employ two or four electrodes and may have a temperature sensitive element disposed...

20060219565 - Technique for electrochemically depositing an alloy having a chemical order: By providing two or more consumable electrodes within a single reactor vessel, an alloy having a high degree of chemical ordering may be deposited in situ in that the current flows of the individual consumable electrodes are controlled to obtain a substantially layered deposition of the two or more metals....

20060219566 - Method for fabricating metal layer: A method for filling a structure using electrochemical deposition includes a barrier layer and a seed layer being deposited on one or more surfaces of the structure. Metal is electrochemically deposited to fill the structure in an electrochemical plating cell, wherein the electroplating surface of the substrate is tilted and...

20060219567 - Fabrication method of conductive bump structures of circuit board: A fabrication method of conductive bump structures of a circuit board includes providing the circuit board with a plurality of electrically connecting pads formed on at least one surface thereof and covering the circuit board with an insulating protection layer formed a plurality of openings to expose the electrically connecting...

20060219568 - Microstructure: A microstructure with regularly arranged micropores is obtained by anodizing an aluminum layer having a Vickers hardness Hv of up to 20. The microstructure has a well-ordered region of large surface area and can be manufactured at low cost....

20060219569 - Method of coating a square wire and an insulated wire of a square wire: An insulated square wire that has a high dielectric breakdown voltage is prepared by coating a square wire by cationic electrodeposition on a square wire to form an insulating film thereon, by application of a cationic electrocoating from an electrocoating bath, wherein the shifting speed of the square wire in...

20060219570 - Electrolytic anode and method for electrolytically synthesizing fluorine containing substance using the electrolytic anode: The present invention provides an electrolytic anode for use in electrolytically synthesizing a fluorine-containing substance by using an electrolytic bath containing a fluoride ion including: an electroconductive substrate having a sure including an electroconductive carbonaceous material; and an electroconductive carbonaceous film having a diamond structure, the electroconductive carbonaceous film coating...

20060219571 - Electrogenerated chlorine or chloride compound leaching and its apparatus: The present invention relates to a precious metal leaching method by electrogenerated chlorine and its apparatus, more precisely, the electroleaching apparatus is composed of two reaction chambers at both sides (right and left) which is divided by central separation membrane; one of the reaction chamber is leaching chamber equipped with...

20060219572 - Abrasive electrolyte: An abrasive electrolyte solution adapted for thinning a layer on a substrate without contaminating the substrate. The abrasive electrolyte solution includes an electrically conductive fluid that is substantially free of materials that are reactive within a desired operating voltage potential range, and substantially free of materials that inhibit desired reactions...

20060219573 - Apparatus with conductive pad for electroprocessing: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for plating a conductive material on a semiconductor substrate by rotating pad or blade type objects in close proximity to the substrate, thereby eliminating/reducing dishing and voids. This is achieved by providing pad or blade type objects mounted on cylindrical anodes or...

20060219574 - Integrated electrolytic-electrodialytic apparatus and process for recovering metals from metal ion-containing waste streams: An apparatus and method for the electrolytic and electrodialytic removal of metal ions from wastewater in a single cell. A battery of cells, each of which consists of a cathode, anode, anion exchange membrane and cation exchange membrane, is used. The battery of cells may be used in both batch...

20060219575 - Method of checking the function of a sensor: The functioning of an amperometric electrochemical sensor having an electrochemical cell is monitored by the electrochemical cell. A perturbation quantity is imposed on the sensor, which is operated with voltage control at a given polarization voltage. The response to the perturbation is measured and a check value is calculated, using...

20060219576 - Devices, systems, methods and tools for continuous glucose monitoring: One aspect of the invention provides a glucose monitor having a plurality of tissue piercing elements, each tissue piercing element having a distal opening, a proximal opening and interior space extending between the distal and proximal openings; a sensing area in fluid communication with the proximal openings of the tissue...