Diagnostics and treatments of periodontal disease

Title: Diagnostics and treatments of periodontal disease

Related Patent Categories: Drug, Bio-affecting And Body Treating Compositions, Dentifrices (includes Mouth Wash), Ferment Containing (e.g., Enzymes, Bacteria, Etc.)

Diagnostics and treatments of periodontal disease description/claims

The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070189982, Diagnostics and treatments of periodontal disease.

Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims

CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a continuation of application Ser. No.10/229,066, filed Aug. 28, 2002, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/066,330, filed Sep. 15, 1998, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in this application.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] This invention relates to the PrtR-PrtK cell surface protein of Porphyromonas gingivalis and in particular a multimeric cell associated protein complex comprising the PrtR and PrtK proteins. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions and associated agents based on said complex for the detection, prevention and treatment of Periodontal disease associated with P. gingivalis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Periodontal diseases are bacterial-associated inflammatory diseases of the supporting tissues of the teeth and range from the relatively mild form of gingivitis, the non-specific, reversible inflammation of gingival tissue to the more aggressive forms of periodontitis which are characterised by the destruction of the tooth's supporting structures. Periodontitis is associated with a subgingival infection of a consortium of specific Gram-negative bacteria that leads to the destruction of the periodontium and is a major public health problem. One bacterium that has attracted considerable interest is P. gingivalis as the recovery of this microorganism from adult periodontitis lesions can be up to 50% of the subgingival anaerobically cultivable flora, whereas P. gingivalis is rarely recovered, and then in low numbers, from healthy sites. A proportional increase in the level of P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque has been associated with an increased severity of periodontitis and eradication of the microorganism from the cultivable subgingival microbial population is accompanied by resolution of the disease. The progression of periodontitis lesions in non-human primates has been demonstrated with the subgingival implantation of P. gingivalis. These findings in both animals and humans suggest a major role for P. gingivalis in the development of adult periodontitis.

[0004] P. gingivalis is a black-pigmented, anaerobic, asaccharolytic, proteolytic Gram-negative rod that obtains energy from the metabolism of specific amino acids. The microorganism has an absolute growth requirement for iron, preferentially in the form of haeme or its Fe(III) oxidation product haemin and when grown under conditions of excess haemin is highly virulent in experimental animals. A number of virulence factors have been implicated in the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis including the capsule, adhesins, cytotoxins and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. In particular, proteases have received a great deal of attention for their ability to degrade a broad range of host proteins including structural proteins and others involved in defence. The proteins that have been shown to be substrates for P. gingivalis proteolytic activity include collagen types 1 and IV, fibronectin, fibrinogen, laminin, complement and plasma clotting cascade proteins, .alpha.i-antitrypsin, .alpha. macroglobulin, antichymotrypsin, antithrombin III, antiplasmin, cystatin C, IgG and IgA. The major proteolytic activities associated with this organism have been defined by substrate specificity and are "trypsin-like", that is cleavage on the carboxyl side of arginyl and lysyl residues and collagenolytic although other minor activities have been reported.

[0005] P. gingivalis trypsin-like proteolytic activity has been shown to degrade complement, generating biologically active C5a, impair the phagocytic and other functions of neutrophils by modifying surface receptors, and abrogate the clotting potential of fibrinogen prolonging plasma clotting time. The trypsin-like proteolytic activity of P. gingivalis also generates Fc fragments from human IgGI stimulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from mononuclear cells and is associated with vascular disruption and enhanced vascular permeation through the activation of the kallikrein-kinin cascade. P. gingivalis spontaneous mutants with reduced trypsin-like activity as well as wild-type cells treated with the trypsin-like protease inhibitor N-?-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone are avirulent in animal models. Further, it has been shown that P. gingivalis grown under controlled, haemin-excess conditions expressed more trypsin-like and less collagenolytic activity and were more virulent in mice relative to cells grown under haemin-limited but otherwise identical conditions. The increased expression of the trypsin-like activity by the more virulent P. gingivalis has led to the speculation that the trypsin-like proteolytic activity may be the major determinant for infection or disease. However, the cell-associated trypsin-like proteolytic activities of P. gingivalis have not been characterised to date.

[0006] There has been considerable endeavour to purify and characterise the trypsin-like proteases of P. gingivalis from cell-free culture fluids. Chen et al, (1992) [J Biol Chem 267 18896-18901] have purified and characterised a 50 kDa arginine-specific, thiol protease from the culture fluid of P. gingivalis H66 designated Arg-gingipain. A similar arginine-specific thiol protease has been disclosed in JP 07135973 and the amino acid sequence disclosed in WO 9507286 and in Kirszbaum et al, 1995 [Biochem Biophys Res Comm 207424-431 ]. Pike et al (1994) [J Biol Chem 269406-11] have characterised a 60 kDa lysine-specific cysteine proteinase from the culture fluid of P. gingivalis H66 designated Lys-gingipain and the partial gene sequence for this enzyme was disclosed in WO 9511298 and fully disclosed in WO 9617936. However, prior to the development of the present invention it was unknown that there existed on the cell surface of P. gingivalis a 300 kDa complex of arginine-specific and lysine-specific proteases both containing adhesin domains. The 300 kDa complex has been designated the PrtR-PrtK complex. The presence of the PrtR-PrtK cell surface complex exhibiting both arginine- and lysine-specific proteolytic activity together with adhesin activity was previously unknown. Furthermore, the new PrtR-PrtK complex of the present invention is expressed on the cell surface, is a major virulence-associated factor and contains unique epitopes not displayed on the individual domains. The previously disclosed arginine-specific and lysine-specific thiol proteases, as discussed, do not exhibit any of these features and have proven of limited application to date. However, the aforementioned features have rendered the PrtR-PrtK complex of the invention ideal for development of diagnostic and immunoprophylactic products. The PrtR-PrtK cell surface complex is accordingly of particular interest for diagnostics and neutralisation by passive immunity through oral compositions containing neutralising antibodies and by vaccine development. In particular for the development of an intra-oral recombinant bacterial vaccine, where the recombinant bacterium expressing an inactivated PrtR-PrtK is a genetically engineered commensal inhabitant of the oral cavity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] Accordingly in a first aspect the present invention consists in a substantially purified antigenic complex for use in raising an antibody response directed against Porphyromonas gingivalis, the complex comprising at least one multimeric protein complex of arginine-specific and lysine-specific thiol endopeptidases each containing at least one adhesin domain, the complex having a molecular weight of greater than about 200 kDa.

[0008] In the context of this disclosure, the terms "adhesin" and "hemagglutinin" may be considered to be synonymous.

[0009] In a preferred form of the present invention the multimeric protein complex is associated with virulent strains of Porphyronionas gingivalis, preferably has a molecular weight of about 294 to about 323 kDa and is preferably derived from P. gingivalis W50.

[0010] It is also preferred that the multimeric protein complex is composed of 9 proteins These 9 proteins preferably have the following N-terminal sequences: TABLE-US-00001 DVYTDHGDLYNTPVRML (SEQ ID NO:1) YTPVEEKQNGRMIVIVAKKYEGD (SEQ ID NO:2) SGQAEIVLEAHDVWNDGSGYQILLDADHDQYGQVIPS (SEQ ID NO:3) DTHFL PQSVWIERTVDLPAGTKYVAFR (SEQ ID NO:4) ANEAKVVLAADNVWGDNTGYQFLLDA (SEQ ID NO:5) ANEAKVVLAADNVWGDNTGYQFLLDA (SEQ ID NO:6) PQSVWIERTVDLPAGTKYVAFR (SEQ ID NO;7) ADFTETFESSTHGEAPAEWTTIDA (SEQ ID NO:8) ADFTETFESSTHGEAPAEWTTIDA (SEQ ID NO:9)

[0011] It is presently preferred that the 9 proteins are PrtK48, PrtR45, PrtR44, PrtK39, PrtK44, PrtR27, PrtR17, PrtK 15 and PrtR 15 as described herein.

[0012] As the purified antigenic complex normally has enzymatic activity it is preferred in a number of uses the thiol endopeptidases are rendered inactive. This may be achieved in a number of ways, for example by oxidation or by mutation. It is presently preferred that the inactivation is by oxidation.

[0013] In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention the multimeric protein complex is encoded by the DNA sequence shown in FIGS. 8B and 9B.

[0014] In a second aspect the present invention consists in a composition for use in eliciting an immune response directed against Porphyromonas gingivalis, the composition comprising an effective amount of the complex of the first aspect of the present invention and a suitable adjuvant and/or acceptable carrier.

[0015] In a third aspect the present invention consists in an antibody preparation comprising antibodies specifically directed against the complex of the first aspect of the present invention. The antibodies may be polyclonal antibodies or monoclonal antibodies.

[0016] In a fourth aspect the present invention consists in a method of treating a subject suffering from Porphyromonas gingivalis infection, the method comprising administering to the subject an amount of the antibody preparation of the third aspect of the present invention effective to at least partially neutralize the PrtR-PrtK complex of Porphyromonas gin givalis.

[0017] As will be recognised by those skilled in the art the antibody preparation may be administered by any of a number of well known routes, however, it is presently preferred that the preparation is administered orally.

[0018] In a fifth aspect the present invention consists in a method of reducing the prospect of P. gingivalis infection in an individual and/or severity of disease, the method comprising administering to the individual an amount of the composition of the second aspect of the present invention effective to induce an immune response in the individual directed against P. gingivalis.

[0019] In yet a further aspect the present invention consists in a recombinant host cell, the host cell being transformed with a DNA sequence(s) encoding PrtR-PrtK operatively linked to control sequences such that under appropriate conditions the host cell expresses PrtR-PrtK.

[0020] In another aspect, the present invention is directed to novel DNA sequences involving PrtR-PrtK constructs and vectors including plasmid DNA, and viral DNA such as human viruses, animal viruses, insect viruses, or bacteriophages which can be used to direct the expression of PrtR-PrtK protein in appropriate host cells from which the expressed protein may be purified. Another aspect of the present invention provides methods for molecular cloning of the genes encoding the PrtR-PrtK complex. The nucleic acid sequences of the present invention can be used in molecular diagnostic assays for P. gingivalis genetic material through nucleic acid hybridization, and including the synthesis of PrtR-PrtK sequence-specific oligonucleotides for use as primers and/or probes in amplifying, and detecting amplified, nucleic acids. Additionally, PrtR-PrtK complex can be used as an immunogen in prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccine formulations against pathogenic strains of P. gingivalis, whether the immunogen is chemically synthesized, purified from P. gingivalis, or purified from a recombinant expression vector system. Alternatively, the genes encoding PrtR-PrtK may be incorporated into a bacterial or viral vaccine comprising recombinant bacteria or virus which is engineered to produce PrtR-PrtK by itself, or in combination with immunogenic epitopes of other pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, the genes encoding PrtR-PrtK operatively linked to one or more regulatory elements, can be introduced directly into humans to express the PrtR-PrtK to elicit a protective immune response. A vaccine can also be based upon a recombinant component of a mutated PrtR-PrtK incorporated into an appropriate vector and expressed in a suitable transformed host (eg. E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharoinyces cerevisiae, COS cells, CHO cells and HeLa cells) containing the vector. The vaccine can be based on an intra-oral recombinant bacterial vaccine, where the recombinant bacterium expressing an inactivated PrtR-PrtK is a commensal inhabitant of the oral cavity. Unlike whole P. gingivalis cells or other previously prepared antigens based on fimbriae or the capsule the PrtR-PrtK complex of the invention or component parts thereof are safe and effective antigens for the preparation of a vaccine for the prevention of P. g7//g7v.alpha.//.i-associated periodontal disease. The invention therefore provides a range of recombinant products based on the PrtR-PrtK complex.

[0021] The invention also provides antibodies raised against the said PrtR-PrtK complex, herein called anti-PrtR-PrtK antibodies. The antibodies may be blended into oral compositions such as toothpaste, mouthwash, toothpowders and liquid dentifrices, mouthwashes, troches, chewing gums, dental pastes, gingival massage creams, gargle tablets, dairy products and other foodstuffs.

[0022] In another aspect the invention provides a method of diagnosis for the presence of P. gingivalis characterised by the use of any one or a combination of an antibody, antigen or nucleic acid probe as hereinbefore defined comprising the application of known techniques including for example, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

[0023] The invention also provides diagnostic kits comprising antibodies, antigens and/or nucleic acid probes as hereinbefore defined.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

[0024] FIG. 1. Anion exchange FPLC of a P. gingivalis W50 sonicate. The sonicate in TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl was applied to a Hiload XK 16/10 Q sepharose column and eluted using a linear gradient from 0-100% buffer B over 90 min at a flow rate of 2 0 ml min.sup.'1. Fractions (6 ml) were assayed for proteolytic and amidolytic activity using azocasein, Bz-L-Arg-/?NA and Z-L-Lys-/?NA The amidolytic activity of each 6 ml fraction with Bz-L-Arg-pNA is shown by the histogram.

[0025] FIG. 2. Gel filtration FPLC of the pooled and concentrated fractions from Q sepharose anion exchange FPLC containing proteolytic/amidolytic activity. Anion exchange fractions containing the major peak of proteolytic/amidolytic activity were pooled, equilibrated in TC buffer containing 150 mM NaCl, concentrated and divided into four aliquots and each then independently applied to a gel filtration column (Superose 12 HR 10/30) and eluted using the same buffer at a flow rate of 0 3 ml min.sup.'1. Fractions (0.5 ml) were assayed for proteolytic and amidolytic activity. Bz-L-Arg-/?NA amidolytic activity is shown by the histogram. Vo and Vt indicate the void and total volumes of the column respectively. The elution volumes of the standard proteins thyroglobulin 667 kDa, catalase 232 kDa and aldolase 158 kDa are marked.

[0026] FIG. 3. SDS-PAGE (boiled/reduced conditions) of the 300 kDa peak from gel filtration (Superose 12 HR 10/30) FPLC. Lane 1, Pharmacia molecular mass standards (M.sub.r shown in kDa). Lane 2, 300 kDa peak from gel filtration FPLC. Coomassie blue stained gel.

[0027] FIG. 4. Specific cleavage sites (marked with arrows) of .alpha..sub.Si-casein by the proteolytic/amidolytic peak from gel filtration FPLC corresponding to 300 kDa. The protein .alpha.,i-casein was cleaved on the carboxyl side of arginyl and lysyl residues only (SEQ ID NO:14).

[0028] FIG. 5. Arg-sepharose FPLC of the 300 kDa gel filtration peak exhibiting Arg- and Lys-specific proteolytic activity. Gel filtration fractions containing the major peak of proteolytic activity (300 kDa) were pooled and applied to an arginine-sepharose column (5 ml arginine-Sepharose 4B) and washed with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl at 0 1 ml min.sup.''1 until the baseline returned to zero. The column was then further washed with 500 mM NaCl and then re-equilibrated with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaC. The column was first eluted with 200 mM lysine in TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl, followed by 750 mM lysine in the same buffer. The column was then re-equilibrated and eluted with 200 M arginine in the same buffer at a flow rate of 0 1 ml min.sup.'1. Peaks were collected and assayed for amidolytic and proteolytic activity. Bz-L-Arg-?NA amidolytic activity is shown by the histogram and the arrows indicate the start of each step gradient.

[0029] FIG. 6. SDS-PAGE (boiled/reduced conditions) of 200 mM lysine eluant from the Arg-sepharose FPLC. Lane 1, Pharmacia molecular mass standards (M.sub.r shown in kDa) Lane 2, 200 mM lysine eluant from Arg-sepharose FPLC. Silver stained gel.

[0030] FIG. 7. SDS-PAGE (boiled/reduced conditions) of the 750 mM lysine and 200 mM arginine eluants from the arginine-Sepharose FPLC and the purified 45 kDa Arg-specific endopeptidase. Lane 1, 750 mM lysine eluant. Lane 2, 200 mM arginine eluant. Lane 3, purified 45 kDa Arg-specific endopeptidase. Lane 4, Pharmacia molecular mass standards (M.sub.r shown in kDa). Coomassie blue stained gel.

[0031] FIG. 8a. Schematic representation of the prtR gene. The PrtR nascent polyprotein is composed of a leader sequence, a prosequence followed by the Arg-specific cysteine proteinase PrtR45 (SEQ ID NO:15), and the adhesins PrtR44 (SEQ ID NO:16), PrtR15 (SEQ ID NO:17), PrtR17 (SEQ ID NO:18) and PrtR27 (SEQ ID NO: 19) all preceded by an arginyl or lysyl residue.

[0032] FIG. 8b. Nucleotide sequence of prtR (SEQ ID NO:20 and encoded protein, SEQ ID NO:21).

[0033] FIG. 9a. Schematic representation of the prtK gene. The PrtK nascent polyprotein is composed of a leader sequence, a prosequence followed by the Lys-specific cysteine proteinase PrtK48 (SEQ ID NO:22), and the adhesins PrtK39 (SEQ ID NO:19), PrtK 15 (SEQ ID NO:17) and PrtK44 (SEQ ID NO: 18) all preceded by an arginyl or lysyl residue.

[0034] FIG. 9b. Nucleotide sequence of prtK (SEQ ID NO:23 and encoded protein, SEQ ID NO:24).

[0035] FIG. 10. SDS-PAGE of the PrtR-PrtK complex purified by diafiltration. Lane 1 shows molecular mass markers. Lane 2 shows components of the PrtR-PrtK purified by diafiltration.

[0036] FIG. 11. ELISA titration of sera from 5 mice immunized twice with the PrtR-PrtK complex emulsified in Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant. Test sera (TS 32-36) and pre-immune sera (PIS 32-36) were screened using P. gingivalis W50 sonicate as the adsorbed antigen. Primary antibody dilutions of 1/100, 1/500, 1/2500 and 1/12500 were used. Bound antibody was determined using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody and 3,3',5,5'tetramethylbenezidine. The reaction product was quantitated spectrophotometrically using a 450 nm interference filter in a plate reader and recorded as optical density (O D ) readings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The invention will now be described in greater detail by reference to the methods used and applied in the development of the invention and by reference to particular examples which provide the best methods known of performing the invention.

[0038] The intra-oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis possesses on its cell surface major trypsin-like proteinases as a 294-323 kDa heterodimeric protein complex of Arg-specific and Lys-specific thiol endopeptidases with hemagglutinins (adhesins) herein designated the PrtR-PrtK complex. The PrtR-PrtK complex can be purified from P. gingivalis cells by ultrasonication or chloroform extraction followed by diafiltration or anion exchange and Lys-sepharose or Arg-sepharose chromatography. The purified PrtR-PrtK complex is then used to generate antibodies using standard techniques. The animals used for antibody generation can be rabbits, goats, chickens, sheep, horses, cows etc. When a high antibody titre against the PrtR-PrtK complex is detected by immunoassay the animals are bled or eggs or milk are collected and the serum prepared and/or antibody purified using standard techniques or monoclonal antibodies produced by fusing spleen cells with myeloma cells using standard techniques. The antibody (immunoglobulin fraction) may be separated from the culture or ascites fluid, serum, milk or egg by salting out, gel filtration, ion exchange and/or affinity chromatography, and the like, with salting out being preferred. In the salting out method the antiserum or the milk is saturated with ammonium sulphate to produce a precipitate, followed by dialyzing the precipitate against physiological saline to obtain the purified immunoglobulin fraction with the specific anti-(PrtR-PrtK). The preferred antibody is obtained from the equine antiserum and the bovine antiserum and milk. In this invention the antibody contained in the antiserum and milk obtained by immunising the animal with the inactivated PrtR-PrtK may be blended into the oral composition. In this case the antiserum and milk as well as the antibody separated and purified from the antiserum and milk may be used Each of these materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Antibodies against the PrtR-PrtK can be used in oral compositions such as toothpaste and mouthwash to neutralise the PrtR-PrtK and thus prevent disease. The anti-(PrtR-PrtK) antibodies can also be used for the early detection of P. gingivalis in subgingival plaque samples by a chairside Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

[0039] For oral compositions it is preferred that the amount of the above antibodies administered is 00001-50 g kg/day and that the content of the above antibodies is 00002-10% by weight preferably 0002-5% by weight of the composition. The oral composition of this invention wliich contains the above-mentioned serum or milk antibody may be prepared and used in various forms applicable to the mouth such as dentifrice including toothpastes, toothpowders and liquid dentifrices, mouthwashes, troches, periodontal pocket irrigating devices, chewing gums, dental pastes, gingival massage creams, gargle tablets, dairy products and other foodstuffs. The oral composition according to this invention may further include additional well known ingredients depending on the type and form of a particular oral composition.

[0040] In certain highly preferred forms of the invention the oral composition may be substantially liquid in character, such as a mouthwash or rinse. In such a preparation the vehicle is typically a water-alcohol mixture desirably including a humectant as described below. Generally, the weight ratio of water to alcohol is in the range of from about 1 1 to about 20 1. The total amount of water-alcohol mixture in this type of preparation is typically in the range of from about 70 to about 99 9% by weight of the preparation. The alcohol is typically ethanol or isopropanol. Ethanol is preferred.

[0041] The pH of such liquid and other preparations of the invention is generally in the range of from about 4 5 to about 9 and typically from about 5 5 to 8. The pH is preferably in the range of from about 6 to about 8 0, preferably 7 4. The pH can be controlled with acid (e g citric acid or benzoic acid) or base (e g sodium hydroxide) or buffered (as with sodium citrate, benzoate, carbonate, or bicarbonate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, etc).

[0042] Other desirable forms of this invention, the oral composition may be substantially solid or pasty m character, such as toothpowder, a dental tablet or a dentifrice, that is a toothpaste (dental cream) or gel dentifrice. The vehicle of such solid or pasty oral preparations generally contains dentally acceptable polishing material. Examples of polishing materials are water-insoluble sodium metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, tricalcium phosphate, dihydrated calcium phosphate, anhydrous dicalcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, magnesium orthophosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, calcium carbonate, hydrated alumina, calcined alumina, aluminium silicate, zirconium silicate, silica, bentonite, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable polishing material include the particulate thermosetting resins such as melamine-, phenolic, and urea-formaldehydes, and cross-linked polyepoxides and polyesters. Preferred polishing materials include crystalline silica having particle sized of up to about 5 microns, a mean particle size of up to about 1.1 microns, and a surface area of up to about 50,000 cm.sup.2/gm., silica gel or colloidal silica, and complex amorphous alkali metal aluminosilicate.

[0043] When visually clear gels are employed, a polishing agent of colloidal silica, such as those sold under the trademark SYLOID as Syloid 72 and Syloid 74 or under the trademark SANTOCEL as Santocel 100, alkali metal alumino-silicate complexes are particularly useful since they have refractive indices close to the refractive indices of gelling agent-liquid (including water and/or humectant) systems commonly used in dentifrices.

[0044] Many of the so-called "water insoluble" polishing materials are anionic in character and also include small amounts of soluble material. Thus, insoluble sodium metaphosphate may be formed in any suitable manner as illustrated by Thorpe's Dictionary of Applied Chemistry, Volume 9, 4th Edition, pp. 510-51 1. The forms of insoluble sodium metaphosphate known as Madrell's salt and Kurrol's salt are further examples of suitable materials. These metaphosphate salts exhibit only a minute solubility in water, and therefore are commonly referred to as insoluble metaphosphates (IMP). There is present therein a minor amount of soluble phosphate material as impurities, usually a few percent such as up to 4% by weight. The amount of soluble phosphate material, which is believed to include a soluble sodium trimetaphosphate in the case of insoluble metaphosphate, may be reduced or eliminated by washing with water if desired. The insoluble alkali metal metaphosphate is typically employed in powder form of a particle size such that no more than 1% of the material is larger than 37 microns.

[0045] The polishing material is generally present in the solid or pasty compositions in weight concentrations of about 10% to about 99%. Preferably, it is present in amounts from about 10% to about 75% in toothpaste, and from about 70% to about 99% in toothpowder. In toothpastes, when the polishing material is silicious in nature, it is generally present in amount of about 10-30% by weight. Other polishing materials are typically present in amount of about 30-75% by weight.

[0046] In a toothpaste, the liquid vehicle may comprise water and humectant typically in an amount ranging from about 10% to about 80% by weight of the preparation. Glycerine, propylene glycol, sorbitol and polypropylene glycol exemplify suitable humectants/carriers. Also advantageous are liquid mixtures of water, glycerine and sorbitol. In clear gels where the refractive index is an important consideration, about 2.5-30% w/w of water, 0 to about 70% w/w of glycerine and about 20-80% w/w of sorbitol are preferably employed. Toothpaste, creams and gels typically contain a natural or synthetic thickener or gelling agent in proportions of about 0.1 to about 10, preferably about 0.5 to about 5% w/w. A suitable thickener is synthetic hectorite, a synthetic colloidal magnesium alkali metal silicate complex clay available for example as Laponite (e.g. CP, SP 2002, D) marketed by Laporte Industries Limited. Laponite D is, approximately by weight 58.00% SiO.sub.2, 25.40% MgO, 3.05% Na.sub.2O, 0.98% Li.sub.2O, and some water and trace metals. Its true specific gravity is 2.53 and it has an apparent bulk density of 1.0 g/ml at 8% moisture.

[0047] Other suitable thickeners include Irish moss, iota carrageenan, gum tragacanth, starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxyethylpropylcellulose, hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose (e.g. available as Natrosol), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and colloidal silica such as finely ground Syloid (e.g. 244). Solubilizing agents may also be included such as humectant polyols such propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and hexylene glycol, cellosolves such as methyl cellosolve and ethyl cellosolve, vegetable oils and waxes containing at least about 12 carbons in a straight chain such as olive oil, castor oil and petrolatum and esters such as amyl acetate, ethyl acetate and benzyl benzoate.

[0048] It will be understood that, as is conventional, the oral preparations are to be sold or otherwise distributed in suitable labelled packages. Thus, ajar of mouthrinse will have a label describing it, in substance, as a mouthrinse or mouthwash and having directions for its use, and a toothpaste, cream or gel will usually be in a collapsible tube, typically aluminium, lined lead or plastic, or other squeeze, pump or pressurised dispenser for metering out the contents, having a label describing it, in substance, as a toothpaste, gel or dental cream.

[0049] Organic surface-active agents are used in the compositions of the present invention to achieve increased prophylactic action, assist in achieving thorough and complete dispersion of the active agent throughout the oral cavity, and render the instant compositions more cosmetically acceptable. The organic surface-active material is preferably anionic, nonionic or ampholytic in nature which does not denature the antibody of the invention, and it is preferred to employ as the surface-active agent a detersive material which imparts to the composition detersive and foaming properties while not denaturing the antibody Suitable examples of anionic surfactants are water-soluble salts of higher fatty acid monoglyceride monosulfates, such as the sodium salt of the monosulfated monoglyceride of hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acids, higher alkyl sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate, alkyl aryl sulfonates such as sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, higher alkylsulfo-acetates, higher fatty acid esters of 1,2-dihydroxy propane sulfonate, and the substantially saturated higher aliphatic acyl amides of lower aliphatic amino carboxylic acid compounds, such as those having 12 to 16 carbons in the fatty acid, alkyl or acyl radicals, and the like. Examples of the last mentioned amides are N-lauroyl sarcosine, and the sodium, potassium, and ethanolamine salts of N-lauroyl, N-myristoyl, or N-palmitoyl sarcosine which should be substantially free from soap or similar higher fatty acid material. The use of these sarconite compounds in the oral compositions of the present invention is particularly advantageous since these materials exhibit a prolonged marked effect in the inhibition of acid formation in the oral cavity due to carbohydrates breakdown in addition to exerting some reduction in the solubility of tooth enamel in acid solutions. Examples of water-soluble nonionic surfactants suitable for use with antibodies are condensation products of ethylene oxide with various reactive hydrogen-containing compounds reactive therewith having long hydrophobic chains (e.g. aliphatic chains of about 12 to 20 carbon atoms), which condensation products ("ethoxamers") contain hydrophilic polyoxyethylene moieties, such as condensation products of poly (ethylene oxide) with fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty amides, polyhydric alcohols (e.g sorbitan monostearate) and polypropyleneoxide (e.g. Pluronic materials).

[0050] Surface active agent is typically present in amount of about 0. 1-5% by weight. It is noteworthy, that the surface active agent may assist in the dissolving of the antibody of the invention and thereby diminish the amount of solubilizing humectant needed.

[0051] Various other materials may be incorporated in the oral preparations of this invention such as whitening agents, preservatives, silicones, chlorophyll compounds and/or ammoniated material such as urea, diammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof. These adjuvants, where present, are incorporated in the preparations in amounts which do not substantially adversely affect the properties and characteristics desired.

[0052] Any suitable flavouring or sweetening material may also be employed. Examples of suitable flavouring constituents are flavouring oils, e.g. oil of spearmint, peppermint, wintergreen, sassafras, clove, sage, eucalyptus, marjoram, cinnamon, lemon, and orange, and methyl salicylate. Suitable sweetening agents include sucrose, lactose, maltose, sorbitol, xylitol, sodium cyclamate, perillartine, AMP (aspartyl phenyl alanine, methyl ester), saccharine, and the like. Suitably, flavour and sweetening agents may each or together comprise from about 0 1% to 5% more of the preparation.

[0053] In the preferred practice of this invention an oral composition according to this invention such as mouthwash or dentifrice containing the composition of the present invention is preferably applied regularly to the gums and teeth, such as every day or every second or third day or preferably from 1 to 3 times daily, at a pH of about 4 5 to about 9, generally about 5 5 to about 8, preferably about 6 to 8, for at least 2 weeks up to 8 weeks or more up to a lifetime.

[0054] The compositions of this invention can be incorporated in lozenges, or in chewing gum or other products, e.g by stirring into a warm gum base or coating the outer surface of a gum base, illustrative of which may be mentioned jelutong, rubber latex, vinylite resins, etc, desirably with conventional plasticisers or softeners, sugar or other sweeteners or such as glucose, sorbitol and the like.

[0055] The composition of this invention also includes targeted delivery vehicles such as periodontal pocket irrigation devices, collagen, elastin, or synthetic sponges, membranes or fibres placed in the periodontal pocket or used as a barrier membrane or applied directly to the tooth root.

[0056] Another important form of the invention is a composition for use in eliciting an immune response directed against Porphyromonas gingivalis based on the PrtR-PrtK complex and suitable adjuvant delivered by nasal spray, orally or by injection to produce a specific immune response against the PrtR-PrtK complex thereby reducing colonisation of P. gingivalis and neutralising the PrtR-PrtK thereby preventing disease. Due to the potent enzymatic activity of the complex typically the complex will be inactivated. A vaccine can also be based upon a recombinant component of the PrtR-PrtK incorporated into an appropriate vector and expressed in a suitable transformed host (eg E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, COS cells, CHO cells and HeLa cells) containing the vector. Unlike whole P. gingivalis cells or other previously prepared antigens based on fimbriae or the capsule the PrtR-PrtK complex is a safe and effective antigens for the preparation of a composition for use in the prevention of P. gingivalis-associated periodontal disease. The PrtR-PrtK complex can be produced using recombinant DNA methods as illustrated herein, or can be synthesized chemically from the amino acid sequence disclosed in the present invention. Additionally, according to the present invention, the PrtR-PrtK complex may be used to generate antisera useful for passive immunization against periodontal disease and infections caused by P. gingivalis.

[0057] Various adjuvants are used in conjunction with vaccine formulations. The adjuvants aid by modulating the immune response and in attaining a more durable and higher level of immunity using smaller amounts of vaccine antigen or fewer doses than if the vaccine antigen were administered alone. Examples of adjuvants include incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IF A), Adjuvant 65 (containing peanut oil, mannide monooleate and aluminium monostrearate), oil emulsions, Ribi adjuvant, the pluronic polyols, polyamines, Avridine, Quil A, saponin, MPL, QS-21, and mineral gels such as aluminium salts. Other examples include oil in water emulsions such as SAF-1, SAF-0, MF59, Seppic ISA720, and other particulate adjuvants such as ISCOMs and ISCOM matrix. An extensive but not exhaustive list of other examples of adjuvants are listed in Cox and Coulter 1992 [In Wong WK (ed) Animals parasite control titilising technology. Bocca Raton, CRC press, 1992, 49-112]. In addition to the adjuvant the vaccine may include conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, fillers, buffers or diluents as appropriate. One or more doses of the vaccine containing adjuvant may be administered prophylactically to prevent periodontitis or therapeutically to treat already present periodontitis.

[0058] In another preferred composition the preparation is combined with a mucosal adjuvant and administered via the oral route. Examples of mucosal adjuvants are cholera toxin and heat labile E. coli toxin, the non-toxic B subunits of these toxins, genetic mutants of these toxins which have a reduced toxicity. Other methods which may be utilised to deliver the PrtR-PrtK complex orally include incorporation of the protease into particles of biodegradable polymers (such as acrylates or polyesters) by microencapsulation to aid uptake of the microspheres from the gastrointestinal tract and to protect degradation of the proteins. Liposomes, ISCOMs, hydrogels are examples of other potential methods which may be further enhanced by the incorporation of targeting molecules such as LTB, CTB or lectins for delivery of the PrtR-PrtK complex to the mucosal immune system. In addition to the vaccine and the mucosal adjuvant or delivery system the vaccine may include conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, fillers, coatings, dispersion media, antibacterial and antifungal agents, buffers or diluents as appropriate.

[0059] Another mode of this embodiment provides for either a live recombinant viral vaccine, recombinant bacterial vaccine, recombinant attenuated bacterial vaccine, or an inactivated recombinant viral vaccine which is used to protect against infections caused by P. gingivalis. Vaccinia virus is the best known example, in the art, of an infectious virus that is engineered to express vaccine antigens derived from other organisms. The recombinant live vaccinia virus, which is attenuated or otherwise treated so that it does not cause disease by itself, is used to immunize the host. Subsequent replication of the recombinant virus within the host provides a continual stimulation of the immune system with the vaccine antigens such as PrtR-PrtK complex, thereby providing long lasting immunity.

[0060] Other live vaccine vectors include adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, and preferably the poxviruses such as vaccinia (Paoletti and Panicali, U.S. Pat. No 4,603,112) and attenuated Salmonella strains (Stocker et al, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,210,035, 4,837,151, and 4,735,801, and Curtiss e/fl/, 1988, Vaccine 6.155-160). Live vaccines are particularly advantageous because they continually stimulate the immune system which can confer substantially long-lasting immunity. When the immune response is protective against subsequent P. gingivalis infection, the live vaccine itself may be used in a preventive vaccine against P. gingivalis. In particular, the live vaccine can be based on a bacterium that is a commensal inhabitant of the oral cavity. This bacterium can be transformed with a vector carrying a recombinant inactivated PrtR-PrtK and then used to colonise the oral cavity, in particular the oral mucosa. Once colonised the oral mucosa, the expression of the recombinant protein will stimulate the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue to produce neutralising antibodies. For example, using molecular biological techniques the genes encoding the PrtR-PrtK may be inserted into the vaccinia virus genomic DNA at a site which allows for expression of epitopes but does not negatively affect the growth or replication of the vaccinia virus vector. The resultant recombinant virus can be used as the immunogen in a vaccine formulation. The same methods can be used to construct an inactivated recombinant viral vaccine formulation except that the recombinant virus is inactivated, such as by chemical means known in the art, prior to use as an immunogen and without substantially affecting the immunogenicity of the expressed immunogen.

[0061] In another variation of this embodiment, genetic material is used directly as the vaccine formulation Nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) containing sequences encoding the PrtR-PrtK protein complex operatively linked to one or more regulatory elements can be introduced directly to vaccinate the individual ("direct gene transfer") against pathogenic strains of P. gingivalis Direct gene transfer into a vaccinated individual, resulting in expression of the genetic material by the vaccinated individual's cells such as vascular endothelial cells as well as the tissue of the major organs, has been demonstrated by techniques in the art such as by injecting intravenously an expression plasmid cationic liposome complex (Zhu et al, 1993, Science 261 209-211 ). Other effective methods for delivering vector DNA into a target cell are known in the art. In one example, purified recombinant plasmid DNA containing viral genes has been used to inoculate (whether parentally, mucosally, or via gene-gun immunization) vaccines to induce a protective immune response (Fynan et al 1993, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 11478-11482). In another example, cells removed from an individual can be transfected or electroporated by standard procedures known in the art, resulting in the introduction of the recombinant vector DNA into the target cell. Cells containing the recombinant vector DNA may then be selected for using methods known in the art such as via a selection marker expressed in the vector, and the selected cells may then be re-introduced into the individual to express the PrtR-PrtK complex.

[0062] As an alternative to active immunization, immunization may be passive, i e immunization comprising administration of purified immunoglobulin containing antibody against PrtR-PrtK.

[0063] The present invention further provides the nucleotide sequence of the genes encoding the PrtR-PrtK complex, as well as the amino acid sequence deduced from the isolated genes. According to one embodiment of the present invention, using recombinant DNA techniques the genes encoding the PrtR-PrtK complex are incorporated into an expression vector, and the recombinant vector is introduced into an appropriate host cell thereby directing the expression of these sequences in that particular host cell.

[0064] The expression system, comprising the recombinant vector introduced into the host cell, can be used (a) to produce PrtR-PrtK complex which can be purified for use as an immunogen in vaccine formulations, (b) to produce PrtR-PrtK complex to be used as an antigen for diagnostic immunoassays or for generating P. gingivalis-specific antisera of therapeutic and/or diagnostic value, (c) or if the recombinant expression vector is a live virus such as vaccinia virus, the vector itself may be used as a live or inactivated vaccine preparation to be introduced into the host's cells for expression of PrtR-PrtK complex, (d) for introduction into live attenuated bacterial cells or genetically engineered commensal intra-oral bacteria which are used to express PrtR-PrtK complex to vaccinate individuals, (e) or for introduction directly into an individual to immunize against the encoded and expressed PrtR-PrtK complex In particular the recombinant bacterial vaccine can be based on a commensal inhabitant of the human oral cavity or animal if the vaccine is to prevent periodontal disease in animals. The recombinant bacterial vaccine expressing inactivated PrtR-PrtK can be used to colonise the oral cavity, supragingival or subgingival plaque. The intra-oral bacterium can be isolated from the patient with periodontitis and genetically engineered to express inactivated PrtR-PrtK complex. The production of the inactivated PrtR-PrtK within the oral cavity will not be toxic to the oral mucosal tissues. However, the inactivated PrtR-PrtK will stimulate the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) to produce specific antibody to neutralise the PrtR-PrtK of P. gingivalis.

[0065] Successful expression of a protein or peptide requires that either the insert comprising the gene or gene fragment, or the vector itself, contain the necessary elements for transcription and translation which is compatible with, and recognized by the particular host system used for expression. A variety of host systems may be utilized to express the PrtR-PrtK, which include, but are not limited to bacteria transformed with a bacteriophage vector, plasmid vector, or cosmid DNA; yeast containing yeast vectors; fungi containing fungal vectors, insect cell lines infected with virus (e.g baculovirus); and mammalian cell lines transfected with plasmid or viral expression vectors, or infected with recombinant virus (e.g vaccinia virus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, retrovirus, etc).

[0066] Using methods known in the art of molecular biology various promoters and enhancers can be incorporated into the vector or the DNA sequence encoding PrtR-PrtK to increase the expression of the PrtR-PrtK amino acid sequences, provided that the increased expression of the amino acid sequences is compatible with (for example, non-toxic to) the particular host cell system used. Further, the DNA can be fused to DNA encoding other antigens, such as other bacterial outer membrane proteins, or other bacterial, fungal, parasitic, or viral antigens to create a genetically fused (sharing a common peptide backbone) multivalent antigen for use as an improved vaccine composition.

[0067] The selection of the promoter will depend on the expression system used. Promoters vary in strength, i.e. ability to facilitate transcription. Generally, for the purpose of expressing a cloned gene, it is desirable to use a strong promoter in order to obtain a high level of transcription of the gene and expression into gene product. For example, bacterial, phage, or plasmid promoters known in the art from which a high level of transcription have been observed in a host cell system comprising E. coli include the lac promoter, trp promoter, recA promoter, ribosomal RNA promoter, the P.sub.R and P.sub.L promoters, lacUV5, ompF, bla, 1 pp, and the like, may be used to provide transcription of the inserted DNA sequence encoding PrtR-PrtK.

[0068] Additional, if PrtR-PrtK protein may be lethal or detrimental to the host cells, the host cell strain/line and expression vectors may be chosen such that the action of the promoter is inhibited until specifically induced. For example, in certain operons the addition of specific inducers is necessary for efficient transcription of the inserted DNA (e g, the lac operon is induced by the addition of lactose or isopropylthio-beta-D-galactoside). A variety of operons such as the trp operon, are under different control mechanisms The trp operon is induced when tryptophan is absent in the growth media. The P promoter can be induced by an increase in temperature of host cells containing a temperature sensitive lambda repressor. In this way, greater than 95% of the promoter-directed transcription may be inhibited in uninduced cells. Thus, expression of recombinant PrtR-PrtK protein may be controlled by,culturing transformed or transfected cells under conditions such that the promoter controlling the expression from the inserted DNA encoding PrtR-PrtK amino acid sequences is not induced, and when the cells reach a suitable density in the growth medium, the promoter can be induced for expression from the inserted DNA.

[0069] Other control elements for efficient gene transcription or message translation include enchancers, and regulatory signals. Enhancer sequences are DNA elements that appear to increase transcriptional efficiency in a manner relatively independent of their position and orientation with respect to a nearby gene. Thus, depending on the host cell expression vector system used, an enhancer may be placed either upstream or downstream from the inserted DNA sequences encoding PrtR-PrtK amino acid sequences to increase transcriptional efficiency. These or other regulatory sites, such as transcription or translation initiation signals, can be used to regulate the expression of the gene encoding PrtR-PrtK. Such regulatory elements may be inserted into DNA sequences encoding PrtR-PrtK amino acid sequences or nearby vector DNA sequences using recombinant DNA methods described herein for insertion of DNA sequences.

[0070] Accordingly, P. gingivalis nucleotide sequences containing regions encoding for PrtR-PrtK, can be ligated into an expression vector at a specific site in relation to the vector's promoter, control, and regulatory elements so that when the recombinant vector is introduced into the host cell the P. gingivalis-specific DNA sequences can be expressed in the host cell. For example, the PrtR-PrtK specific DNA sequences containing their own regulatory elements can be ligated into an expression vector in a relation or orientation to the vector promoter and control elements which will allow for co-expression of the PrtR and PrtK. The recombinant vector is then introduced into the appropriate host cells, and the host cells are selected, and screened for those cells containing the recombinant vector. Selection and screening may be accomplished by methods known in the art including detecting the expression of a marker gene (e.g, drug resistance marker) present in the plasmid, immunoscreening for production of PrtR-PrtK specific epitopes using antisera generated to PrtR-PrtK specific epitopes, and probing the DNA of the host's cells for PrtR-PrtK specific nucleotide sequence using one or more oligonucleotides and methods described herein.

[0071] Genetic engineering techniques may also be used to characterize, modify and/or adapt the encoded PrtR-PrtK protein. For example, site-directed mutagenesis to inactivate the protease domains of the PrtR-PrtK and to modify the protein in regions outside the protective domains, may be desirable to increase the safety and solubility.

[0072] In particular the host organism for the vector containing the PrtR-PrtK genes and constructs can be a commensal inhabitant of the oral cavity; for example an inhabitant of subgingival plaque, supragingival plaque or a bacterium associated with the oral mucosa Examples of commensal intra-oral bacteria would be Streptococcus species and Actinomyces species, eg Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces naeslundii. These organisms can be isolated from the periodontitis patient and then genetically engineered to express the inactivated PrtR-PrtK. The DNA encoding the PrtR-PrtK could be linked with DNA encoding leader sequences of extracellular proteins of these commensal intra-oral bacteria. The DNA encoding the PrtR-PrtK could also be linked with, or inserted into, the DNA encoding extracellular proteins to produce secreted fusion proteins. Examples of extracellular proteins that could be used to produce fusion proteins with the inactivated PrtR-PrtK could be the glucosyltranferases (GTF) or fructosyltransferases (FTF). The recombinant organism would be then re-introduced into the patients oral cavity and once colonised the oral mucosa or teeth would express the inactivated PrtR-PrtK to stimulate the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue to produce neutralising antibodies.

[0073] Due to the conservation of the genes encoding PrtR-PrtK, the nucleic acid sequences of the present invention can be used in molecular diagnostic assays for detecting P. gingivalis genetic material. In particular, PrtR-PrtK sequence-specific oligonucleotides can be synthesized for use as primers and/or probes in amplifying, and detecting amplified, nucleic acids from P. gingivalis. Recent advances in molecular biology have provided several means for enzymaticaUy amplifying nucleic acid sequences. Currently the most commonly used method, PCR.TM. (polymerase chain reaction Cetus Corporation) involved the use of Taq Polymerase, known sequences as primers, and heating cycles which separate the replicating deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strands and exponentially amplify a gene of interest. Other amplification methods currently under development include LCR.TM. (ligase chain reaction, BioTechnica International) which utilizes DNA ligase, and a probe consisting of two halves of a DNA segment that is complementary to the sequence of the DNA to be amplified, enzyme QB replicase (Gene-Trak Systems) and a ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence template attached to a probe complementary to the DNA to be copied which is used to make a DNA template for exponential production of complementary RNA, and NASBA.TM. (nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, Cangene Corporation) which can be performed on RNA or DNA as the nucleic acid sequence to be amplified.

[0074] Nucleic acid probes that are capable of hybridization with specific gene sequences have been used successfully to detect specific pathogens in biological specimens at levels of sensitivity approaching 10.sup.3-10.sup.4 organisms per specimen (1990, Gene Probes for Bacteria, eds Macario and deMacario, Academic Press). Coupled with a method that allows for amplification of specific target DNA sequences, species-specific nucleic acid probes can greatly increase the level of sensitivity in detecting organisms in a clinical specimen. Use of these probes may allow direct detection without relying on prior culture and/or conventional biochemical identification techniques. This embodiment of the present invention is directed to primers which amplify species-specific sequences of the genes encoding PrtR-PrtK of P. gingivalis, and to probes which specifically hybridize with these amplified DNA fragments. By using the nucleic acid sequences of the present invention and according to the methods of the present invention, as few as one P. gingivalis organism may be detected in the presence of 10 ug/ml extraneous DNA.

[0075] DNA may be extracted from clinical specimens which may contain P. gingivalis using methods known in the art. For example, cells contained in the specimen may be washed in TE buffer and pelleted by centrifugation. The cells then may be resuspended in 100 ul of amplification reaction buffer containing detergents and proteinase K Using the polymerase chain reaction, the resultant sample may be composed of the cells in 10 mM Tris pH 8 3, 50 mM KCl, 1 5mM MgCl.sub.2, 0 01% gelatin, 045% NP40.TM., 0 045% Tween 20.TM., and 60 ug/ml proteinase K. The sample is incubated in a 55.degree. C. water bath for l hour. Following the incubation, the sample is incubated at 95.degree. C. for 10 minutes to heat-inactivate the proteinase K. The sample may then be amplified in accordance with standard PCR protocols.

[0076] The following examples are further illustrative of the nature of the present invention, but it is understood that the invention is not limited thereto. All amounts and proportions referred to herein are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLE 1

[0077] (1) Preparation of Antigen.

[0078] A. Anion Exchange and Affinity Chromatography

[0079] P. gingivalis W50 was grown anaerobically at 37.degree. C. on lysed horse blood agar and in modified BM media containing 1 .mu.g/ml hemin Bacteria were maintained on lysed horse blood plates by routine passage (<10 passages) and used to inoculate batch cultures. Batch culture growth in Brain Heart Infusion medium was monitored at 650 nm using a spectrophotometer (295E, Perkin-Elmer). Culture purity was checked routinely by Gram stain, microscopic examination and by using a variety of biochemical tests. Stocks were maintained as lyophilised cultures. A culture of P. gingivalis was grown to late logarithmic phase and the cells harvested by centrifugation (5,000.times.g, 20 min, 4.degree. C.) and then resuspended in 160 ml TC buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 7 4 and 5 mM CaCl.sub.2) containing 50 mM NaCl and subjected to mild sonication using a Branson Sonifier 250 with an output control of 3 and a 50% duty cycle for 15 min at 4.degree. C. The sonicate was centrifuged (100,000.times. 30 min, 4.degree. C.) and the supernatant filtered (0.22 .mu.m) prior to anion-exchange FPLC. The sonicate was applied to an anion-exchange column (Hiload XK 16/10 Q Sepharose, Pharmacia-LKB) cooled to 4.degree. C., in multiple injections using a 50 ml superloop (Pharmacia-LKB). The sample was eluted using a linear gradient from 0-100% buffer B over 90 min at a flow rate of 2 0 ml min.sup.''1. The eluant was monitored at 280 nm and collected in 6 ml fractions using a Frac 100 fraction collector (Pharmacia-LKB). Buffer A was TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl and buffer B was TC buffer containing 500 mM NaCl. Fractions were analysed for proteolytic and amidolytic activity using azocasein (A-2765, Sigma Chemical Co St Louis, Mo.), benzoyl-L-Arg-?-nitroanilide (Bz-L-Arg-pNa, Sigma) and benzyloxycarbonyl-L-Lys-nitroanilide (Z-L-Lys-/pNa, Calbiochem, Melbourne, Australia) vide infra Anion-exchange fractions containing the majority of proteolytic/amidolytic activity were pooled, washed and then concentrated in TC buffer containing 150 mM NaCl using a centricon 10 micro-concentrator (Amicon). The sample was then divided into four aliquots and each was independently applied to a gel filtration column (Superose 12, HR 10/30, Pharmacia-LKB) using TC buffer containing 150 mM NaCl at a flow rate of 0 3 ml min.sup.''1. The eluant was monitored at 280 nm and peaks collected using a Frac 100 fraction collector The M.sub..tau. values of eluant peaks were determined using molecular mass gel filtration standards (Pharmacia-LKB) The peak containing the majority of the proteolytic/amidolytic activity was concentrated using a centricon 10 micro-concentrator and then applied at a flow rate of 0 1 ml min.sup.'' to an Arg-sepharose column (5 ml arginine-Sepharose 4B beads, HR 5/5 column, Pharmacia-LKB) and the unbound material collected. The column was washed with 500 mM NaCl and re-equilibrated with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl The column was first eluted with 200 mM lysine-HCl pH 7.4 in TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl at a flow rate of 0.1 ml min.sup.''1. This was followed by 750 mM lysine-HCl pH 7.4 in the same buffer. The column was then re-equilibrated with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl and then eluted with 200 mM arginine-HCl pH 7.4 in TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl at a flow rate of 0.1 ml min.sup.''1 . The unbound material collected was then re-applied to the Arg-sepharose column and the elution steps repeated. This sequence was repeated until all proteolytic activity had bound to the column. The eluant was monitored at 280 nm and peaks collected using a Frac 100 fraction collector. The peaks eluted from the Arg-sepharose by 200 mM lysine and 200 mM arginine were equilibrated with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl and 1.0% octyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranoside and then applied to a Mono Q (HR 5/5) anion-exchange column and eluted using a linear gradient of 0-100% buffer B at a flow rate of 1.0 ml min.sup.''1. Buffer A was TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl and 0.1% octyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranoside and buffer B was TC buffer containing 500 mM NaCl and 0.1% octyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranoside. The eluant was monitored at 280 nm and eluant peaks collected using a Frac 100 fraction collector.

[0080] Azocasein, and z-L-lys-Na were used to routinely assay FPLC fractions for proteolytic and amidolytic activity. A sample of each fraction (20-200:1) was incubated at 37.degree. C. with azocasein (5 mg/ml final concentration) in TC buffer pH 8.0 containing 150 mM NaCl and 10 mM cysteine. For azocasein the reaction was stopped by the addition of 30% trichloroacetic acid at 4.degree. C. Samples were centrifuged and the wo of the supernatant measured using a spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, model 552).

[0081] For the synthetic chromogenic substrates samples of each chromatographic fraction (5-50:1) were incubated at 37.degree. C. with Bz-L-Arg-pNa or z-L-Lys-pNa (1.0 mM final concentration) in a total volume of 350:1 100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 buffer containing 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM cysteine and 5 mM CaCl.sub.2. Inhibitors and activators were added to the purified enzymes in 100 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 buffer containing 150 mM NaCl. Absorbance was measured at 410 nm in a Hewlett Packard 8452 A Diode Array spectrophometer and the amidolytic activity expressed in U, where U=.mu.mol substrate converted min.sup.''1 at 37.degree. C. Trypsin (E C.3.4.21.4, T 8253 Sigma) was used as a standard. The protein concentration of FPLC fractions and purified samples was determined using the Bradford protein assay (Biorad) with BSA as a standard. A sample of the gel filtration chromatographic fraction (20 .mu.l) exhibiting the major proteolytic and amidolytic activity was incubated for 4 h at 37.degree. C. with 10 mg/ml of pure .alpha..sub.Si-casein dissolved in TC buffer pH 8 0 containing 150 mM NaCl and 50 mM 2-mercaptoethanol. Following incubation the sample was equilibrated in 0 1% TFA (v/v) dissolved in Milli Q water (Buffer A). The sample was then applied to an HPLC reversed phase analytical column (C8, 7 .mu.m, 4 6 mm.times.220 mm. Applied Biosystems Inc Brownlee Aquapore RP 300) and peptides eluted using a linear gradient from 0-100% buffer B over 40 min at a flow rate of 1 ml min.sup.''1 (140 A solvent delivery system). Buffer B was 80% acetonitrile (v/v) in 0 1% (v/v) TFA in Milli Q water. The eluant was monitored at 214 nm using a 1000S diode array detector (Applied Biosystems). Peaks were collected manually and peptides identified using a combination of amino acid composition and sequence analyses as described previously.

[0082] SDS-PAGE was performed using a Mini protean II electrophoresis system (Biorad) with 12% (w/v), 1 mm separating gels, overlaid with 5% stacking gels (Laemmli, 1970) [Nature 277 680-685]. Two volumes of each sample were mixed with one volume of buffer [0 5 M Tris-HCl, pH 6 8, 5% v/v 2-mercaptoethanol, 10 0% w/v SDS, 0 05% w/v bromophenol blue (75% v/v) and glycerol (25% v/v)] and heated to 100.degree. C. for 4 min unless otherwise stated SDS-PAGE was performed at room temperature using a current of 30-50 mA and a potential difference of .ltoreq.200 V. For silver staining, gels were fixed in methanol/water/acetic acid (45/45/10, v/v/v), washed in Milli Q water, reduced with 5 .mu.g/ml dithiothreitol and then washed in Milli Q water, all for 30 min periods. Gels were then stained for 20 min with 0 1% w/v AgNO.sub.3 and developed with 3% w/v sodium carbonate containing 0 1% v/v formaldehyde and development stopped with glacial acetic acid. For Coomassie blue staining, gels were fixed in 12% TCA and stained overnight using 0 1% (w/v) purified Coomassie brilliant blue G 250 in 2% (w/v) phosphoric acid, 6% (w/v) ammonium sulphate. Gels were destained with methanol/water/acetic acid (50/40/10, v/v/v). Proteins were transferred onto a PVDF membrane (Problott, Applied Biosystems Inc (ABI)) for sequence analysis using a transblot cell (Biorad) PVDF membrane was wetted in 100% methanol and soaked in transfer buffer (10 mM CAPS/10% methanol, pH 1 1 5). Transfer was performed using a potential difference of 60 V (300 mA) for 90 min. Membranes were briefly stained using 0 1% (w/v) Coomassie brilliant blue R 250 in methanol/water/acetic acid (5/5/1, v/v/v). Protein bands were excised, destained for 10-30 sec in 50% methanol and then the N-terminal sequence determined using a Hewlett Packard 10005 A protein sequencer or a modified AB1 471-02 A protein sequencer fitted with a blott cartridge.

[0083] The ultrasonication procedure was effective at releasing the cell-associated Arg- and Lys-specific proteolytic activity of P. gingivalis W50 and 15 min was required for maximal release of activity. The sonicate of P. gingivalis W50 cells contained 0 30 mg ml.sup.''1 protein and 2 6 and 2 3 .mu.mol min.sup.-1 mg protein.sup.''1 activity with 1 0 mM Bz-L-Arg-pNA and z-L-Lys-pNA as substrate respectively at 37.degree. C. The crude sonicate was subjected to Q-sepharose anion exchange FPLC and a representative chromatogram is presented in FIG. 1 Proteolytic/amidolytic activity eluted as one major peak between 246-320 mM NaCl (FIG. 1) which was collected, concentrated using a centricon-10 (Amicon) and then applied to the Superose 12 gel filtration column (FIG. 2) Molecular mass gel filtration standards were used to determine the of the peaks obtained and the major peak, which also exhibited the major proteolytic/amidolytic activity, corresponded to 300 kDa (FIG. 2) Proteolytic/amidolytic activity was also associated with the high molecular mass material (0 6.fwdarw.2 0.times.10.sup.6 Da) eluted from the gel filtration column. The 300 kDa gel filtration peak contained seven bands at 48, 45, 44, 39, 27, 17 and 15 kDa on SDS-PAGE analysis (FIG. 3). The seven bands were transblotted and subjected to N-terminal sequence analysis (Table 1). This analysis revealed that the 44 kDa band contained two proteins and the N-terminal sequences of these two 44 kDa proteins were assigned after further purification The N-terminal sequence of one of the 44 kDa proteins was identical to that of the 1 7 kDa protein and the 39 kDa and 27 kDa proteins also had identical N-termini (Table 1). TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 1 N-terminal sequences of proteins in the 300 kDa complex separated by SDS-PAGE Band N-terminal sequence (kDa) 48* DVYTDHGDLYNTPVRML (SEQ ID NO:1) 45.dagger. YTPVEEKQNGRMIVIVAKKYEGD (SEQ ID NO:2) 44.dagger. SGQAEIVLEAHDVWNDGSGYQILLDADHDQYGQVIPSDTHFL (SEQ ID NO:3) 44* PQSVWIERTVDLPAGTKYVAFR (SEQ ID NO:4) 39* ANEAKVVLAADNVWGDNTGYQFLLDA (SEQ ID NO:5) 27.dagger. ANEAKVVLAADNVWGDNTGYQFLLDA (SEQ ID NO:6) 17.dagger. PQSVWIERTVDLPAGTKYVAFR (SEQ ID NO:7) 15*.dagger. ADFTETFESSTHGEAPAEWTTIDA (SEQ ID NO:8) *Proteins eluted from Arg-sepharose by 200 mM lysine .dagger.Proteins eluted from Arg-sepharose by 200 mM arginine.

[0084] Repeated gel filtration analyses of the Q-sepharose purified material or crude sonicates indicated that the major proteolytic/amidolytic activity was associated with 5 a peak corresponding to 300 kDa and higher molecular mass (0.6.fwdarw.2.times.10.sup.6 Da) material that when boiled in SDS and subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis contained the same seven bands at 48, 45, 44, 39, 27, 17 and 15 kDa (FIG. 3).

[0085] The 300 kDa gel filtration protein complex was incubated with .alpha.,i-casein. The .alpha.,i-casein peptides released by the action of the proteolytic activity of the 300 kDa complex were purified by RP-HPLC and identified by amino acid composition and sequence analyses. The sites of .alpha.,i-casein cleavage by the material of the 300 kDa complex were the carboxyl side of arginyl and lysyl residues only (FIG. 4). All arginyl and lysyl residues of .alpha.,i-casein were cleaved except the N-terminal Arg and the Lys residues flanking the Ser(P) cluster sequence, presumably due to the high negative charge density (FIG. 4). The 300 kDa complex was then applied to an Arg-sepharose column and washed with TC buffer containing 500 mM NaCl (FIG. 5). The Arg-sepharose was eluted first with 200 mM lysine in TC buffer (FIG. 5) which eluted a small amount of the 48 kDa, 44 kDa, 39 kDa and 15 kDa proteins of the 300 kDa complex as shown by SDS-PAGE (FIG. 6 and Table 1). N-terminal sequence analysis of these transblotted proteins revealed that only one of the 44 kDa proteins of the 300 kDa complex was eluted with 200 mM lysine (Table 1). This fraction eluted from Arg-sepharose with 200 mM lysine contained only Lys-specific proteolytic/amidolytic activity Next the Arg-sepharose column was eluted with 750 mM lysine (FIG. 5) which removed the majority of the protein bound as the undissociated 300 kDa complex containing all seven bands (eight proteins) as shown by SDS-PAGE analysis (FIG. 7) The 750 mM lysine eluant exhibited both Arg- and Lys-specific proteolytic/amidolytic activity characteristic of the 300 kDa complex. The Arg-sepharose column was then eluted with 200 mM arginine in TC buffer (FIG. 5) The 200 mM arginine eluant contained small amounts of the 45, 44, 27, 17 and 15 kDa proteins as shown by SDS-PAGE (FIG. 7). This fraction exhibited only Arg-specific proteolytic/amidolytic activity. N-terminal sequence analysis of these transblotted proteins eluted with 200 mM arginine revealed that only one of the 44 kDa proteins of the 300 kDa complex was eluted with 200 mM arginine and this 44 kDa protein was different to the 44 kDa protein eluted with 200 mM lysine (Table 1).

[0086] The proteins eluted from the Arg-sepharose column with 200 mM lysine and 200 mM arginine were washed, concentrated and equilibrated with TC buffer containing 50 mM NaCl and 1 0% octyl-.beta.-D-glucopyranoside and applied independently to a Mono Q anion exchange column. Elution from the Mono Q column with a NaCi gradient associated the Arg-specific proteolytic activity with the 45 kDa protein with a 25 fold purification over the original crude sonicate (Table 2, FIG. 7). The specificity of the 45 kDa proteinase for arginyl residues was confirmed by the enzyme cleaving Bz-L-Arg-pNA but not z-L-Lys-pNA The Arg-specific 45 kDa enzyme was activated by thiols (particularly cysteine), not inhibited by PMSF or AEBSF but inhibited by sulphydryl-directed reagents, leupeptin and EDTA (Table 3). The inhibition by EDTA could be reversed by the addition of Ca.sup.2* (Table 3). The pH optimum of the enzyme was 7 5-8 0 and activity dropped off dramatically as the pH was lowered below 7 0 These results indicate that the 45 kDa enzyme is a calcium-stabilized, Arg-specific cysteine endopeptidase. The Lys-specific activity was characterized using the substrate Z-L-Lys-pNA and was associated with the 48 kDa protein purified from the 200 mM lysine eluant by Mono Q FPLC. The Lys-specific enzyme was also activated by thiols and inhibited by sulphydryl-directed reagents but was not inhibited by leupeptin or EDTA Non-reducing SDS-PAGE without boiling of the 300 kDa complex produced bands corresponding to the relative molecular masses of approximately 300, 150, 104, 88, 76 and 66 kDa. TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 2 Purification of the 45 kDa Arg-specific proteinase PrtR45 Proteolytic Specific Protein activity activity Purification Step (mg) (U*) U mg.sup.-1 fold Yield % Sonicate 48.0 124 2.6 1 100 Anion Exchange 8.2 64 7.8 3 52 FPLC (Q- sepharose) Gel filtration 3.9 46 11.8 5 37 FPLC (Superose 12) Affinity FPLC 0.7 17 24.3 9 14 (Arg-sepharose) Anion exchange 0.2 13 65.0 25 11 FPLC (mono Q) *Amidolytic activity using 10 mM Bz-L-Arg-pNA, 1 unit = .mu.mol min.sup.''1 at 37.degree. C.

[0087] TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 3 Effects of various activators/inhibitors on the activity of the 45 kDa Arg-specific proteinase Concentration Activity Compound (mM) (%) 2-mercaptoethanol 1.0 100 10.0 158 50.0 189 Dithiothreithol 1.0 109 10.0 174 L-cysteine 0.1 183 1.0 320 10.0 487 PMSF*.sup..dagger. 1.0 100 10.0 90 AEBSF*.sup..dagger. 1.0 93 10.0 80 Iodoacetic acid.sup..dagger. 1.0 82 10.0 19 PCMB*.sup..dagger. 1.0 100 10.0 14 Leupeptin.sup..dagger. 0.1 0 EDTA.sup..dagger. 1.0 100 10.0 4 50.0 0 +Ca.sup.2+ 50.0 97 o-phenanthroline.sup..dagger. 10.0 100 *PCMB, p-chloromercuribenzoic acid; PMSF, phenylmethyl sulfonyl fluoride, AEBSF, [4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonylfluoride] .sup..dagger.These incubations also contained 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol.

[0088] The 45, 27, 17, 15 kDa and one of the 44 kDa protein components of the 300 kDa complex are encoded by the gene the PrtR as presented schematically in FIG. 8a. The complete nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the PrtR is shown in FIG. 8b Each PrtR component is preceded by an arginyl or lysyl residue (FIG. 8a, b) indicating that the polyprotein is processed by trypsin-like proteolytic specificity. We have designated these component parts of the 300 kDa complex, by their relative molecular masses as determined by SDS-PAGE, as the PrtR45, PrtR44, PrtR27, PrtR 17 and PrtR 15 which fit well with the predicted sizes from the deduced PrtR amino acid sequence (53 9, 44 8, 29 5, 17 5 and 14 3 kDa respectively). The 44 kDa protein, the PrtR44, has been disclosed by previous workers as a culture fluid hemagglutinin/adhesin (Pike et al., 1994)[J Biol Chem 269 406-41 1]. The PrtR44 has homology with the other non-proteinase components of the multiprotein complex suggesting a similar role for the PrtR27, PrtR 17 and PrtR 15 in interacting with the protease and/or in hemagglutination or adhesion. The PrtR45 Arg-specific endopeptidase component of the PrtR complex has the same characteristics and N-terminal sequence as the 50 kDa Arg-specific proteinase identified in the culture supernatant of P. gingivalis H66 by Chen et al (1992)[J Biol Chem 267 18896-18901] designated Arg-gingipain.

[0089] The other proteins of the 300 kDa complex, the 48 kDa Lys-specific proteinase, the other 44 kDa protein and the 39 kDa and 15 Da proteins are encoded by a single gene the prtK presented schematically in FIG. 9a. The complete nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the PrtK is shown in FIG. 9b. The prtK is similar to the prtR in that it encodes a putative leader sequence, a prosequence followed by the proteinase domain which is then followed by sequence-related adhesins that have high homology with the C-terminal adhesins of the prtR. We have designated the 48 kDa Lys-specific proteinase the PrtK48 and its associated adhesins the PrtK39, PrtK15 and PrtK44 (FIG. 9a, b) based on the sizes measured by SDS-PAGE which fit reasonably well with the predicted sizes from the deduced PrtK amino acid sequence (55 9, 44 8, 14 3 and 47 9 kDa respectively). The PrtK48 has the same enzyme characteristics as the 48 kDa proteinase purified from the culture supernatant of P. gingivalis 33277 by Fujimura et al. (1993) [Infect Immun 55 716-720]. The PrtK48 also has the same N-terminal sequence and enzyme characteristics as the 60 kDa Lys-specific endopeptidase previously purified from the culture fluid of P. gingivalis H66 by Pike et al (1994) [J Biol Chem 269 406-411 ] and designated Lys-gingipain. The PrtK39, PrtK 15 and PrtK44 are all sequence-related and have high homology with the PrtR hemagglutinins/adhesins particularly the 15 kDa protein which is identical in both gene products suggesting that these proteins also are hemagglutinin/adhesins.

[0090] As the 300 kDa proteinase-adhesin complex and higher molecular mass forms are composed of proteins from the two genes, the prtR and prtK, we suggest that they be designated PrtR-PrtK complexes. The deduced molecular mass of the mature PrtR is 160 kDa (FIG. 9a, b) and mature PrtK is 163 kDa (FIG. 9b) such that the mass of the PrtR-PrtK heterodimer would be 323 kDa which is in good agreement with the r determined by gel filtration and non-boiling SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE of the sample after boiling produced the seven bands of 48, 45, 44, 39, 27, 17 and 15 kDa corresponding to the domains of the two gene products, the PrtR and PrtK. These domains were only seen when the sample was boiled, with or without reducing agent, suggesting that the domains remain tightly non-covalently associated after proteolytic processing. The cell sonicate and the chromatographic fractions had minimal or no proteolytic activity in the absence of reducing agents thus ensuring minimal enzymic activity during the chromatographic purifications. The characterization of the 300 kDa cell-associated complex as being composed of processed domains of the two genes the prtR and prtK suggests that the secreted, mature PrtR and PrtK proteins associate and then are processed, perhaps autolytically. The identification of several of the domains of the PrtR and PrtK in the culture supernatant by independent groups is consistent with the proteolytic (autolytic) processing of these polyproteins.

[0091] The relative molecular mass of the processed PrtR-PrtK complex is likely to be attributable to the composition of 1 PrtK48+1 PrtR45+1 PrtR44+1 PrtK39+1 PrtK44+1 PrtR27+1 PrtR17+1 PrtK15+1 PrtR15=294-323 kDa C-terminal truncation, that is the 300 kDa complex would contain the five domains of the prtR and the four domains of the prtR gene products (FIGS. 8 and 9). As high M.sub.r material (0.6.fwdarw.2.times.10.sup.6 Da) on gel filtration (FIG. 2) was also composed of the seven PrtR-PrtK bands then this suggests that the 300 kDa PrtR-PrtK complexes may further associate to form larger cell-associated aggregates. The high amino acid sequence homology between the PrtR44, PrtK39, PrtK44, PrtR27, PrtR17 and the 15 kDa protein of both the PrtR and PrtK suggests that these adhesins are responsible for the non-covalent cohesive interactions between the components of the PrtR-PrtK complexes and between the complexes themselves in the larger aggregates. It is interesting to note that some dissociation of the 300 kDa PrtR-PrtK complex occurred during the affinity chromatography on Arg-sepharose, although the majority of the protein eluted as the undissociated complex with 750 mM lysine The partial dissociation of the complex on binding to substrate may be a mechanism by which the complex targets specific host macromolecules and cells releasing the proteinase/adhesin domains at the target site on binding.

[0092] This example describes the purification of a novel cell associated complex of Arg-specific and Lys-specific proteinases and sequence-related adhesins encoded by the two genes, the prtR and prtK.

[0093] B. Ultrafiltration and Diafiltration

[0094] P. ginigivalis W50 was grown anaerobically at 37.degree. C. on lysed horse blood agar and in modified BM media containing 1 .mu.g/ml hemin. Bacteria were maintained on lysed horse blood plates by routine passage (<10 passages) and used to inoculate batch cultures. Batch culture growth in Brain Heart Infusion medium was monitored at 650 nm using a spectrophotometer (295E, Perkin-Elmer). Culture purity was checked routinely by Gram stain, microscopic examination and by using a variety of biochemical tests. Stocks were maintained as lyophilised cultures A culture of P. gingivalis was grown to late logarithmic phase and the cells harvested by centrifugation (5,000.times.g, 20 min, 4.degree. C.). Chloroform was added to the cell pellet and after gentle mixing the suspension was left for 15 min at room temperature. Following chloroform treatment, 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8 0 buffer containing 50 mM NaCl was added and gently mixed. This mixture was then centrifuged (100,000.times., 30 min, 4.degree. C.) and the supernatant diafiltered through a 100,000 M.sub.r cut-off membrane (Amicon) with five volumes of distilled water. This purifies and inactivates by oxidation the 294-323 kDa PrtR-PrtK which is freeze dried and used as an immunogen. The PrtR-PrtK purified by diafiltration was composed of 48, 45, 44, 39, 27, 17 and 15 kDa components as shown by SDS-PAGE (FIG. 10).

[0095] (2) Preparation of Antibodies

[0096] Polyclonal antiserum to PrtR-PrtK was raised in a rabbit by immunizing with the O.sub.2-inactivated PrtR-PrtK subcutaneously. The rabbit was immunized at day 0 with 40 .mu.g of protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, day 14 with 90 .mu.g of protein in incomplete. Freund's adjuvant, and day 28 with 60 .mu.g of protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Immunizations were carried out using standard procedures. Polyclonal antisera having a high titre against P. gingivalis was obtained. If desired the antibodies directed specifically against P. gingivalis can be obtained using standard procedures.

EXAMPLE 2

[0097] Methods and compounds for vaccine formulations related to PrtR-PrtK.

[0098] This embodiment of the present invention is to provide PrtR-PrtK protein to be used in as an immunogen in a prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccine for active immunization to protect against or treat infections caused by P. gingivalis. For vaccine purposes, an antigen of P. gingivalis comprising a bacterial protein should be immunogenic, and induce functional antibodies directed to one or more surface-exposed epitopes on intact bacteria, wherein the epitope(s) are conserved amongst strains of P. gingivalis.

[0099] In one illustration of the PrtR-PrtK protein having the properties desirable of a vaccine antigen, the protein was purified from P. gingivalis using the method described herein in Example 1. Mice were immunized with the purified inactivated PrtR-PrtK protein (25 ug) with adjuvant (20 ug of QS21) two times at four week intervals. The purified PrtR-PrtK was inactivated by air oxidation. Blood from the immunized mice was drawn 32 days after the last immunization and the immune sera was pooled. The pooled immune sera was assayed against whole bacteria (P. gingivalis strain W50) by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For the whole cell ELISA, overnight cultures of bacteria were harvested by a swab and suspended in PBS to an absorbance of 0 1 at 600 nm Aliquots (100 ul) of the bacterial suspension were added to the wells of a 96 well microtiter plate and dried overnight at room temperature. The plates were blocked with IOOMI of 0 1% (w/v) gelatin in PBS. This, and all remaining incubations, were for one hour at room temperature unless otherwise specified The blocking solution was removed and 100 u\ of the immune sera, diluted in PBS with 0 1% (w/v) gelatin, was added to the wells and incubated. After washing three times with PBS, the bound antibodies were detected by incubating with 100 w1 of alkaline phosphatase conjugated recombinant protein G (1 500 in PBS with 0 1% (w/v) gelatin). The plates were washed and colour development was facilitated by the addition of 100 Hi/well of p-nitrophenyl phosphate (2 mg/ml in diethanolamine). After 30 minutes, the reaction was stopped by adding 50 w1 of 3M NaOH. The absorbance was read at 492 nm using an ELISA reader. Endpoint titers were determined as the reciprocal of the dilution at which the absorbance was greater than that of the blank wells. The results demonstrated that immunization with inactivated PrtR-PrtK elicit antibodies which can bind to one or more surface-exposed epitopes on intact P. gingivalis.

[0100] Additional evidence supporting the immunogenicity of the PrtR-PrtK protein comes from a study of the human immune response to the PrtR-PrtK of P. gingivalis in which 86% of 43 patients with adult periodontitis had specific IgG in their sera to the PrtR-PrtK.

[0101] Another illustration of a desirable vaccine antigen is the O.sub.2-inactivated PrtR-PrtK. It has been demonstrated that the cell surface PrtR-PrtK is the target of bactericidal antibody generated from immunization with the inactivated protein. Polyclonal antiserum to PrtR-PrtK was raised in a rabbit by immunizing with the inactivated PrtR-PrtK subcutaneously. A rabbit was immunized at day 0 with 40 .mu.g of protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, day 14 with 90 .mu.g of protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, and day 28 with 60 .mu.g of protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The resultant antiserum was tested for its bactericidal activity against strain W50 of P. gingivalis. The bacteria were grown to logarithmic phase in brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth. An aliquot of the bacterial culture was diluted to 5.times.10.sup.4 colony forming units (CFU) per ml in 10% bovine serum albumin in a balanced salt solution. The bactericidal assay reaction contained bacteria, polyclonal antiserum to inactivated PrtR-PrtK protein, a complement source consisting of normal human serum which was absorbed with protein G to remove antibodies, and the balanced salt solution. All reagents were added to the reaction to yield a 250 .mu.l volume Aliquots of 25 .mu.l of the reaction were removed and plated in triplicate on BHI agar at times 0 and 60 minutes. The plates were incubated and colonies were counted the next day. The percent killing was calculated using the average of the three triplicate values at the 2 times. A representative example of data generated by the bactericidal assays is shown in Table 4. The results indicate that the polyclonal antiserum raised to the inactivated PrtR-PrtK is bactericidal for P. gingivalis. As illustrated by Table 4, controls show that the antiserum does not kill bacteria in the absence of complement, and that the complement source does not kill the bacteria in the absence of the antiserum, indicating that the bactericidal activity is antibody directed and complement mediated. TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 4 Bactericidal activity of anti-(PrtR-PrtK) antibody CFU at CFU at Percent Sample Antiserum Complement time 0 time 60 killing 1 10 .mu.l 22 .mu.l 225 0 100% 2 10 .mu.l 0 227 390 0% 3 0 22 .mu.l 254 286 0%

[0102] In further illustrating that the PrtR-PrtK protein possesses properties desirable of a vaccine antigen, pooled immune sera raised to strain W50 was shown to have cross-reactivity with heterologous strains. The pooled immune sera, prepared against PrtR-PrtK protein as described above, was examined for cross-reactivity with nine P. gingivalis strains from diverse clinical and geographical sources. Bacteria from each culture were harvested by swabs and suspended in PBS to an optical absorbance of 1 0 at 600 nm. A microliter of each suspension was applied to a nitrocellulose membrane and allowed to dry. The membrane was incubated one hour at room temperature in a solution of 5% non-fat dry milk in PBS to block the residual binding sites of the membrane. The membrane was washed twice with PBS, and then immersed in the blocking solution containing the immune sera diluted to 1 1000. The membrane was incubated with the antibody overnight at 46.degree. C. with gentle shaking. The membrane was washed three times with PBS and then incubated for 2 hours at room temperature with alkaline phosphatase conjugated recombinant protein G (1 1500 in PBS with 5% non-fat dry milk). The membrane was washed three times with PBS and bound antibody was detected by the addition of substrate. The immune sera reacted with all strains as strongly, or to a greater extent than, strain W50. Thus, the antibodies elicited by immunization of the PrtR-PrtK protein isolated from strain W50 cross-reacted with all heterologous strains tested.

[0103] For vaccine development, PrtR-PrtK may be purified from a host containing a recombinant vector which expresses PrtR-PrtK Such hosts include, but are not limited to, bacterial transformants, yeast transformants, filamentous fungal transformants, and cultured cells that have been either infected or transfected with a vector which encodes PrtR-PrtK. Many methods are known for the introduction of a vaccine formulation into the human or animal to be vaccinated. These include, but are not limited to, intradermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, ocular, intranasal, and oral administration. The vaccine may further comprise a physiological carrier such as a solution, a polymer or liposomes, and an adjuvant, or a combination thereof.

EXAMPLE 3

[0104] Protective Efficacy of Immunisation with the PrtR-PrtK Complex in an Animal Model.

[0105] Various preparations of purified P. gingivalis proteins were tested in the mouse abscess model. This model is loosely based on the methods described by Kesavalu et al (1992) [Infect Immun 60 1455-1464]. A typical experiment is outlined below Briefly BALB/c mice were obtained from ARC (Perth, Australia) and were immunised subcutaneously in the scruff of the neck with the preparations and doses according to Table 5 before challenge with live P. gingivalis strain W50, which was given at 10 weeks of age. Mice were given 2 doses of vaccine at 4 and I weeks before challenge. Formalin killed P. gingivalis W50 cells were prepared by incubating an aliquot of cells in 0 5% (vol/vol) of buffered formal saline overnight at 4.degree. C. The chloroform extract of P. gingivalis was prepared as detailed in Example 2. Purification of PrtR-PrtK complex was performed as detailed in Example 1. The PrtR-PrtK domains were prepared by taking the PrtR-PrtK complex and incubating in the presence of 50 mM 2-mercaptoethanol for 8 h at 4.degree. C. This resulted in the breakdown of the PrtR-PrtK complex to domains that were 15-115 kDa proteins as shown by gel filtration FPLC and SDS-PAGE as performed in Example 1.

[0106] All preparations were emulsified with an equal volume of Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA, Sigma) prior to injection.

[0107] Animals were bled before and 1 week after the immunisation schedule. Sera were screened by ELISA using a P. gingivalis sonicate (prepared as in Example 1) as the adsorbed antigen. The immunogenicity of the purified PrtR-PrtK complex is shown in FIG. 11. TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 5 Immunization schedule No. of Group Doses Treatment n 1 2 1 .times. 10.degree. Formalin killed P. gingivalis 11 cells in FIA.sup.1 2 2 Chloroform extracted P. gingivalis proteins 10 in FIA 3 2 Affinity purified P. gingivalis PrtR-PrtK 5 complex in FIA 4 2 PrtR-PrtK Domains in FIA 10 5 2 Tris-cysteine buffer in FIA 10 6 2 Tris-cysteine buffer 10 .sup.1FIA = Freunds incomplete adjuvant

[0108] For the preparation of the bacterial challenge P. gingivalis cells were grown at 37.degree. C. on lysed horse blood agar (HBA) plates until day 3 or 4 in an anaerobic chamber (Mark 3 Anaerobic Workstation, Don Whitley Scientific Limited; with an air mixture of 8% H.sub.2, 12% CO.sub.2, 80% N.sub.2), then passaged into 20 ml of brain heart infusion broth (BHIB, Oxoid) supplemented with 0.5 g/L cysteine and lmg/L haemin for 24 hours in a standard incubator at 37.degree. C. Finally, 3 ml of this culture was added to 400 ml of BHIB-cysteine media and incubated for approximately 15 hours in a standard incubator at 37.degree. C., until the optical density at 650 nm reached 0.18. The cells were then pelleted by centrifugation at 10,000 g for 30 minutes using a JA10 rotor in a Beckman High Speed centrifuge and then resuspended to a final dilution of 3.times.10.degree. cells per ml in BHIB-cysteine media according to previously established growth curves for the W50 strain used in these experiments. Mice were marked for identification, their backs and chests shaved to make measurement of lesions possible, then weighed prior to inoculation with the challenge dose at a single site in the middle of the back. A 0 1 ml dose was given representing a predicted challenge dose of 3.times.10.degree. bacteria per mouse. The inoculum dose was confirmed by culturing various dilutions of the challenge dose on lysed HBA plates and examining the number of colonies 7 days later.

[0109] Following challenge mice were examined daily for the number and size of lesions on their body and their size estimated by measuring the approximate surface area in mm.sup.2 involved. Previous experiments had shown that in unimmunized mice, lesions developed on the belly of the mice following inoculation of live bacteria into the back or side. Any distressed animals were culled. Observations were carried out over two weeks and a summary of one such experiment is summarised below in Table 6 In this experiment while a dose of 3.times.10.sup.9 bacteria per mouse was the desired number of bacteria, after planting out of the inoculum it was calculated that each mouse actually receive a challenge dose of 3 17.times.10.sup.9 live P. gingivalis bacteria strain W50.

[0110] When mice were immunised with the various P. gingivalis fractions significant reductions (p<0.05) were seen in the size of the lesions with whole formalin killed P. gingivalis strain W50 cells (Group 1), the chloroform extracted proteins (Group 2) and the Prt-PrtK complex (Group 3) when compared with the lesion size of the animals receiving FIA (Group 5) (Table 6). The PrtR-PrtK domains (Group 4) of the broken down PrtR-PrtK complex did not significantly reduce lesion size compared with the control (Group 5). These results clearly show that the complex works effectivity as an immunogen whereas the PrtR-PrtK domains (15-1 15 kDa proteins) do not. The only group of animals that had a number of animals (40%) that exhibited no visible lesions at all was the PrtR-PrtK complex group (Group 3). All other groups, including formalin killed cells (Group 1), had all animals exhibiting visible lesions indicating that the PrtR-PrtK complex was a better immunogen than formalin killed cells TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 6 Immunisation with the PrtR-PrtK complex can protect mice from challenge with P. gingivalis. Lesion size Group Mean maximum lesion\size mm.sup.2 P* 1 .sup. 30.2 .+-. 28.4.sup.l 0.0008 2 39.0 .+-. 33.2 0.009 3 30.0 .+-. 36.0 0.0028 4 88.3 .+-. 32.2 NS 5 86.8 .+-. 41.1 -- 6 201.7 .+-. 125.8 0.012 *probability calculated by Mann Whitney rank sum test comparing Group 5 with other groups .sup.lmean .+-. SD

EXAMPLE4

[0111] Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the PrtR and PrtK Genes

[0112] Bacterial Strains

[0113] P. gingivalis W50 was grown in modified BM medium supplemented with 1 .mu.g/ml haemin in an atmosphere of 10% CO.sub.2, 10% H.sub.2 and 80% N.sub.2 at 37.degree. C. Escherichia coli JM1 09 and Escherichia coli LE392 were grown in LB medium at 37.degree. C. Escherichia coli strains harbouring pUC 18 plasmids were grown in LB medium supplemented with 100 .mu.g/ml ampicillin at 37.degree. C.

[0114] Genomic Library Construction

[0115] Chromosomal DNA was isolated from P. gingivalis W50 as described by Smith et al, [Oral Microbiol Immunol. 4 47-51 (1989)] except that cells were pelleted from a 500 ml late-exponential culture. The genomic library was constructed from BamHI partially-digested W50 DNA which was partially-filled with dGTP and dATP and ligated into LambdaGEM.RTM.-12 XhoI half-site arms (Promega) and packaged using Packagene.RTM. (Promega).

[0116] prtR gene characterisation: The genomic library was screened using degenerate synthetic oligonucleotides derived from the N-terminal sequence information of the purified PrtR45. The oligonucleotide probes were based on the amino acid sequence YEGDIKD (SEQ ID NO:10) (antisense) and KDFVDWKNQ (SEQ ID NO:11) (sense) and were 5' end-labelled using .gamma..sup.32P ATP and T4 polynucleotide kinase Approximately 1.5.times.IO.sup.4 phage were screened by lifting onto Nylon membrane filters and hybridised with radiolabeled oligonucleotides overnight in hybridisation buffer 6.times.SSC (SSC is 15 mM sodium citrate, 150 mM NaCl pH 8 0), 0.25% SDS, 5.times. Denhardt's solution and 1OO .mu.g/ml salmon sperm DNA at 44.degree. C. Filters were washed extensively in a solution of 5.times.SSC containing 0.01% SDS (w/v) at 44.degree. C. Positively-hybridising plaques were purified. Standard protocols for end-labelling of oligonucleotides and screening procedures were essentially as described in Sambrook et al. (1989) [Molecular Cloning A Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed, Cold Spring Harbour Laboratory Press]. Lambda clone four with an insert size of approximately 15 kb was selected and this fragment contained the entire prtR gene. The 15 kb fragment was cut with appropriate restriction enzymes and the fragments generated subcloned into pUC18 Escherichia coli JM1 09 was transformed with the recombinant plasmids using electroporation.

[0117] prtK gene characterisation: The 5' portion of the gene encoding PrtK was isolated from the same genomic library described above. The genomic library was screened using a degenerate synthetic oligonucleotide derived from the N-terminal sequence information of the purified PrtK48. The oligonucleotide probes were sense to the amino acid sequence DVYTDHGD (SEQ ID NO:12) and radiolabelled as described above. Hybridisation and washing conditions were as described above except that the temperature was 48.degree. C. and the filters were washed extensively in a solution of 3.times.SSC containing 0.01% SDS (w/v) at 48.degree. C. Lambda clone 12 with an insert size of approximately 15 kb was selected and digested with BamHI and a 3.3 kb fragment was ligated into plasmid ZfaroHI-BAP pUC 18 and Escherichia coli JM1 09 transformed with the recombinant plasmid as described previously. Due to an internal BamHI site within prtK, the 3 3 kb BamHI fragment contained the 5' portion of prtK which constituted the end of the lambda 12 clone. Sequence characterisation of the 3 3kb BamHI fragment showed that the DNA sequence encoding PrtK48 contains an internal EcoRI site. Subsequently, a second oligonucleotide probe (lysur) specific to the sequence THIGAH (SEQ ID NO:13) which is found within the PrtK48 was generated to determine a suitable strategy for cloning the 3 ' end of prtK. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicated that a 7 5 kb EcoRI fragment contained the entire 3' portion of prtK. In order to characterise the 3' end of theprt.lamda.T gene a second genomic library was prepared EcoRI digested DNA fragments of 6-8 kb were purified from an agarose gel and subsequently ligated to EcoRI digested Lambda Zap H-calf intestinal phosphatase-treated vector (Stratagene). The genomic library enriched for 6-8 kb P. gingivalis EcoRI fragments was packaged using Gigapacklll Gold packaging extract (Stratagene) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The library was screened as described previously, using oligonucleotide lysur except that hybridisation temperatures were 42.degree. C. and filters were washed to 3.times.SSC containing 0 01% SDS (w/v) at 42.degree. C. In vivo excision of the Lambda Zap II positive genomic clone was performed (Stratagene instruction manual) to excise the pbluescript phagemid which was subsequently sequenced to generate the sequence information corresponding to the 3'end of the prtK gene.

[0118] DNA Sequencing. Double-stranded plasmid template DNA prepared following the procedure of Li and Schweizer [Focus 15 19-20 (1993)] was sequenced in both directions using DNA sequence-derived, synthetic oligonucleotides, following the di-deoxy termination method [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 74 5463-5467 (1977)], using the Sequenase version 2 0 nucleotide sequencing kit purchased from United States Biochemicals. Nucleotide and protein sequence data were analysed using programme suites accessed by the Australian National Genomic Information Service (ANGIS).

EXAMPLE 5

[0119] The following is an example of a proposed toothpaste formulation containing anti-(PrtR-PrtK) antibodies. TABLE-US-00008 Ingredient % w/w Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 50.0 Glycerol 20.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0 Sodium lauryl sulphate 1.5 Sodium lauroyl sarconisate 0.5 Flavour 1.0 Sodium saccharin 0.1 Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01 Dextranase 0.01 Goat serum containing anti-(PrtR-PrtK) 0.2 Water balance

EXAMPLE 6

[0120] The following is an example of a proposed toothpaste formulation. TABLE-US-00009 Ingredient % w/w Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 50.0 Sorbitol 10.0 Glycerol 10.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0 Sodium lauryl sulphate 1.5 Sodium lauroyl sarconisate 0.5 Flavour 1.0 Sodium saccharin 0.1 Sodium monofluorophosphate 0.3 Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01 Dextranase 0.01 Bovine serum containing anti-(PrtR- 0.2 PrtK) Water balance

EXAMPLE 7

[0121] The following is an example of a proposed toothpaste formulation. TABLE-US-00010 Ingredient % w/w Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 50.0 Sorbitol 10.0 Glycerol 10.0 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0 Lauroyl diethanolamide 1.0 Sucrose monolaurate 2.0 Flavour 1.0 Sodium saccharin 0.1 Sodium monofluorophosphate 0.3 Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01 Dextranase 0.01 Bovine milk 1 g containing anti-(PrtR-PrtK) 0.1 Water balance

EXAMPLE 8

[0122] The following is an example of a proposed toothpaste formulation. TABLE-US-00011 Ingredient % w/w Sorbitol 22.0 Irish moss 1.0 Sodium Hydroxide (50%) 1.0 Gantrez 19.0 Water (deionised) 2.69 Sodium Monofluorophosphate 0.76 Sodium saccharine 0.3 Pyrophosphate 2.0 Hydrated alumina 48.0 Flavour oil 0.95 anti-(PrtR-PrtK) mouse monoclonal 0.3 sodium lauryl sulphate 2.00

EXAMPLE 9

[0123] The following is an example of a proposed liquid toothpaste formulation. TABLE-US-00012 Ingredient % w/w Sodium polyacrylate 50.0 Sorbitol 10.0 Glycerol 20.0 Flavour 1.0 Sodium saccharin 0.1 Sodium monofluorophosphate 0.3 Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01 Ethanol 3.0 Equine 1 g containing anti-(PrtR-PrtK) 0.2 Linolic acid 0.05 Water balance

EXAMPLE 10

[0124] The following is an example of a proposed mouthwash formulation. TABLE-US-00013 Ingredient % w/w Ethanol 20.0 Flavour 1.0 Sodium saccharin 0.1 Sodium monofluorophosphate 0.3 Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.01 Lauroyl diethanolamide 0.3 Rabbit 1 g containing anti-(PrtR-PrtK) 0.2 Water balance

[0125] It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. Sequence CWU 1

24 1 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 1 Asp Val Tyr Thr Asp His Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Thr Pro Val Arg Met 1 5 10 15 Leu 2 23 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 2 Tyr Thr Pro Val Glu Glu Lys Gln Asn Gly Arg Met Ile Val Ile Val 1 5 10 15 Ala Lys Lys Tyr Glu Gly Asp 20 3 42 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 3 Ser Gly Gln Ala Glu Ile Val Leu Glu Ala His Asp Val Trp Asn Asp 1 5 10 15 Gly Ser Gly Tyr Gln Ile Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp His Asp Gln Tyr Gly 20 25 30 Gln Val Ile Pro Ser Asp Thr His Phe Leu 35 40 4 22 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 4 Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr 1 5 10 15 Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg 20 5 26 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 5 Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly Asp 1 5 10 15 Asn Thr Gly Tyr Gln Phe Leu Leu Asp Ala 20 25 6 26 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 6 Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly Asp 1 5 10 15 Asn Thr Gly Tyr Gln Phe Leu Leu Asp Ala 20 25 7 22 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 7 Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr 1 5 10 15 Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg 20 8 24 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 8 Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu Ala Pro 1 5 10 15 Ala Glu Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp Ala 20 9 24 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 9 Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu Ala Pro 1 5 10 15 Ala Glu Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp Ala 20 10 7 PRT Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Synthetic peptide 10 Tyr Glu Gly Asp Ile Lys Asp 1 5 11 9 PRT Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Synthetic peptide 11 Lys Asp Phe Val Asp Trp Lys Asn Gln 1 5 12 8 PRT Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Synthetic peptide 12 Asp Val Tyr Thr Asp His Gly Asp 1 5 13 6 PRT Artificial Sequence Description of Artificial Sequence Synthetic peptide 13 Thr His Ile Gly Ala His 1 5 14 199 PRT Bos taurus 14 Arg Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu 1 5 10 15 Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Gln Val Phe 20 25 30 Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser 35 40 45 Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser 50 55 60 Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His 65 70 75 80 Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu 85 90 95 Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val 100 105 110 Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His 115 120 125 Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr 130 135 140 Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro 145 150 155 160 Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala 165 170 175 Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu 180 185 190 Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 195 15 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 15 Arg Tyr Thr Pro Val Glu Glu Lys Gln Asn Gly Arg Met Ile Val Ile 1 5 10 15 Val 16 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 16 Arg Ser Gly Gln Ala Glu Ile Val Leu Glu Ala His Asp Val Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 Asp 17 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 17 Arg Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu Ala 1 5 10 15 Pro 18 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 18 Lys Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly 1 5 10 15 Thr 19 17 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 19 Arg Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly 1 5 10 15 Asp 20 5280 DNA Porphyromonas gingivalis CDS (85)..(5202) 20 gaattttgtc tcccaagaag actttataat gcataaatac agaaggggta ctacacagta 60 aaatcatatt ctaatttcat caaa atg aaa aac ttg aac aag ttt gtt tcg 111 Met Lys Asn Leu Asn Lys Phe Val Ser 1 5 att gct ctt tgc tct tcc tta tta gga gga atg gca ttt gcg cag cag 159 Ile Ala Leu Cys Ser Ser Leu Leu Gly Gly Met Ala Phe Ala Gln Gln 10 15 20 25 aca gag ttg gga cgc aat ccg aat gtg aga ttg ctc gaa tcc act cag 207 Thr Glu Leu Gly Arg Asn Pro Asn Val Arg Leu Leu Glu Ser Thr Gln 30 35 40 caa tcg gtg aca aag gtt cag ttc cgt atg gac aac ctc aag ttc acc 255 Gln Ser Val Thr Lys Val Gln Phe Arg Met Asp Asn Leu Lys Phe Thr 45 50 55 gaa gtt caa acc cct aag gga atc gga caa gtg ccg acc tat aca gaa 303 Glu Val Gln Thr Pro Lys Gly Ile Gly Gln Val Pro Thr Tyr Thr Glu 60 65 70 ggg gtt aat ctt tct gaa aaa ggg atg cct acg ctt ccc att cta tca 351 Gly Val Asn Leu Ser Glu Lys Gly Met Pro Thr Leu Pro Ile Leu Ser 75 80 85 cgc tct ttg gcg gtt tca gac act cgt gag atg aag gta gag gtt gtt 399 Arg Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Asp Thr Arg Glu Met Lys Val Glu Val Val 90 95 100 105 tcc tca aag ttc atc gaa aag aaa aat gtc ctg att gca ccc tcc aag 447 Ser Ser Lys Phe Ile Glu Lys Lys Asn Val Leu Ile Ala Pro Ser Lys 110 115 120 ggc atg att atg cgt aac gaa gat ccg aaa aag atc cct tac gtt tat 495 Gly Met Ile Met Arg Asn Glu Asp Pro Lys Lys Ile Pro Tyr Val Tyr 125 130 135 gga aag acg tac tcg caa aac aaa ttc ttc ccg gga gag atc gcc acg 543 Gly Lys Thr Tyr Ser Gln Asn Lys Phe Phe Pro Gly Glu Ile Ala Thr 140 145 150 ctt gat gat cct ttt atc ctt cgt gat gtg cgt gga cag gtt gta aac 591 Leu Asp Asp Pro Phe Ile Leu Arg Asp Val Arg Gly Gln Val Val Asn 155 160 165 ttt gcg cct ttg cag tat aac cct gtg aca aag acg ttg cgc atc tat 639 Phe Ala Pro Leu Gln Tyr Asn Pro Val Thr Lys Thr Leu Arg Ile Tyr 170 175 180 185 acg gaa atc act gtg gca gtg agc gaa act tcg gaa caa ggc aaa aat 687 Thr Glu Ile Thr Val Ala Val Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Gln Gly Lys Asn 190 195 200 att ctg aac aag aaa ggt aca ttt gcc ggc ttt gaa gac aca tac aag 735 Ile Leu Asn Lys Lys Gly Thr Phe Ala Gly Phe Glu Asp Thr Tyr Lys 205 210 215 cgc atg ttc atg aac tac gag cca ggg cgt tac aca ccg gta gag gaa 783 Arg Met Phe Met Asn Tyr Glu Pro Gly Arg Tyr Thr Pro Val Glu Glu 220 225 230 aaa caa aat ggt cgt atg atc gtc atc gta gcc aaa aag tat gag gga 831 Lys Gln Asn Gly Arg Met Ile Val Ile Val Ala Lys Lys Tyr Glu Gly 235 240 245 gat att aaa gat ttc gtt gat tgg aaa aac caa cgc ggt ctc cgt acc 879 Asp Ile Lys Asp Phe Val Asp Trp Lys Asn Gln Arg Gly Leu Arg Thr 250 255 260 265 gag gtg aaa gtg gca gaa gat att gct tct ccc gtt aca gct aat gct 927 Glu Val Lys Val Ala Glu Asp Ile Ala Ser Pro Val Thr Ala Asn Ala 270 275 280 att cag caa ttc gtt aag caa gaa tac gag aaa gaa ggt aat gat ttg 975 Ile Gln Gln Phe Val Lys Gln Glu Tyr Glu Lys Glu Gly Asn Asp Leu 285 290 295 acc tat gtt ctt ttg att ggc gat cac aaa gat att cct gcc aaa att 1023 Thr Tyr Val Leu Leu Ile Gly Asp His Lys Asp Ile Pro Ala Lys Ile 300 305 310 act ccg ggg atc aaa tcc gac cag gta tat gga caa ata gta ggt aat 1071 Thr Pro Gly Ile Lys Ser Asp Gln Val Tyr Gly Gln Ile Val Gly Asn 315 320 325 gac cac tac aac gaa gtc ttc atc ggt cgt ttc tca tgt gag agc aaa 1119 Asp His Tyr Asn Glu Val Phe Ile Gly Arg Phe Ser Cys Glu Ser Lys 330 335 340 345 gag gat ctg aag aca caa atc gat cgg act att cac tat gag cgc aat 1167 Glu Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Ile Asp Arg Thr Ile His Tyr Glu Arg Asn 350 355 360 ata acc acg gaa gac aaa tgg ctc ggt cag gct ctt tgt att gct tcg 1215 Ile Thr Thr Glu Asp Lys Trp Leu Gly Gln Ala Leu Cys Ile Ala Ser 365 370 375 gct gaa gga ggc cca tcc gca gac aat ggt gaa agt gat atc cag cat 1263 Ala Glu Gly Gly Pro Ser Ala Asp Asn Gly Glu Ser Asp Ile Gln His 380 385 390 gag aat gta atc gcc aat ctg ctt acc cag tat ggt tat acc aag att 1311 Glu Asn Val Ile Ala Asn Leu Leu Thr Gln Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Lys Ile 395 400 405 atc aaa tgt tat gat ccg gga gta act cct aaa aac att att gat gct 1359 Ile Lys Cys Tyr Asp Pro Gly Val Thr Pro Lys Asn Ile Ile Asp Ala 410 415 420 425 ttc aac gga gga atc tcg ttg gcc aac tat acg ggc cac ggt agc gaa 1407 Phe Asn Gly Gly Ile Ser Leu Ala Asn Tyr Thr Gly His Gly Ser Glu 430 435 440 aca gct tgg ggt acg tct cac ttc ggc acc act cat gtg aag cag ctt 1455 Thr Ala Trp Gly Thr Ser His Phe Gly Thr Thr His Val Lys Gln Leu 445 450 455 acc aac agc aac cag cta ccg ttt att ttc gac gta gct tgt gtg aat 1503 Thr Asn Ser Asn Gln Leu Pro Phe Ile Phe Asp Val Ala Cys Val Asn 460 465 470 ggc gat ttc cta ttc agc atg cct tgt ttc gca gaa gca ttg atg cgt 1551 Gly Asp Phe Leu Phe Ser Met Pro Cys Phe Ala Glu Ala Leu Met Arg 475 480 485 gca caa aaa gat ggt aag ccg aca ggt act gtt gct atc ata gcg tct 1599 Ala Gln Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro Thr Gly Thr Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ser 490 495 500 505 acg atc aac cag tct tgg gct tct cct atg cgc ggg cag gat gag atg 1647 Thr Ile Asn Gln Ser Trp Ala Ser Pro Met Arg Gly Gln Asp Glu Met 510 515 520 aac gaa att ctg tgc gaa aaa cac ccg aac aac atc aag cgt act ttc 1695 Asn Glu Ile Leu Cys Glu Lys His Pro Asn Asn Ile Lys Arg Thr Phe 525 530 535 ggt ggt gtc acc atg aac ggt atg ttt gct atg gtg gaa aag tat aaa 1743 Gly Gly Val Thr Met Asn Gly Met Phe Ala Met Val Glu Lys Tyr Lys 540 545 550 aag gat ggt gag aag atg ctc gac aca tgg act gta ttc ggc gac ccc 1791 Lys Asp Gly Glu Lys Met Leu Asp Thr Trp Thr Val Phe Gly Asp Pro 555 560 565 tcg ctg ctc gtt cgt aca ctt gtc ccg acc aaa atg cag gtt acg gct 1839 Ser Leu Leu Val Arg Thr Leu Val Pro Thr Lys Met Gln Val Thr Ala 570 575 580 585 ccg gct cag att aat ttg acg gat gct tca gtc aac gta tct tgc gat 1887 Pro Ala Gln Ile Asn Leu Thr Asp Ala Ser Val Asn Val Ser Cys Asp 590 595 600 tat aat ggt gct att gct acc att tca gcc aat gga aag atg ttc ggt 1935 Tyr Asn Gly Ala Ile Ala Thr Ile Ser Ala Asn Gly Lys Met Phe Gly 605 610 615 tct gca gtt gtc gaa aat gga aca gct aca atc aat ctg aca ggt ctg 1983 Ser Ala Val Val Glu Asn Gly Thr Ala Thr Ile Asn Leu Thr Gly Leu 620 625 630 aca aat gaa agc acg ctt acc ctt aca gta gtt ggt tac aac aaa gag 2031 Thr Asn Glu Ser Thr Leu Thr Leu Thr Val Val Gly Tyr Asn Lys Glu 635 640 645 acg gtt att aag acc atc aac act aat ggt gag cct aac ccc tac cag 2079 Thr Val Ile Lys Thr Ile Asn Thr Asn Gly Glu Pro Asn Pro Tyr Gln 650 655 660 665 cct gtt tcc aac ttg act gct aca acg cag ggt cag aaa gta acg ctc 2127 Pro Val Ser Asn Leu Thr Ala Thr Thr Gln Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu 670 675 680 aag tgg gat gca ccg agc acg aaa acc aat gca acc act aat acc gct 2175 Lys Trp Asp Ala Pro Ser Thr Lys Thr Asn Ala Thr Thr Asn Thr Ala 685 690 695 cgc agc gtg gat ggc ata cga gaa ctg gtt ctt ctg tca gtc agc gat 2223 Arg Ser Val Asp Gly Ile Arg Glu Leu Val Leu Leu Ser Val Ser Asp 700 705 710 gcc ccc gaa ctt ctt cgc agc ggt cag gcc gag att gtt ctt gaa gct 2271 Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu Arg Ser Gly Gln Ala Glu Ile Val Leu Glu Ala 715 720 725 cac gat gtt tgg aat gat gga tcc ggt tat cag att ctt ttg gat gca 2319 His Asp Val Trp Asn Asp Gly Ser Gly Tyr Gln Ile Leu Leu Asp Ala 730 735 740 745 gac cat gat caa tat gga cag gtt ata ccc agt gat acc cat act ctt 2367 Asp His Asp Gln Tyr Gly Gln Val Ile Pro Ser Asp Thr His Thr Leu 750 755 760 tgg ccg aac tgt agt gtc ccg gcc aat ctg ttc gct ccg ttc gaa tat 2415 Trp Pro Asn Cys Ser Val Pro Ala Asn Leu Phe Ala Pro Phe Glu Tyr 765 770 775 act gtt ccg gaa aat gca gat cct tct tgt tcc cct acc aat atg ata 2463 Thr Val Pro Glu Asn Ala Asp Pro Ser Cys Ser Pro Thr Asn Met Ile 780 785 790 atg gat ggt act gca tcc gtt aat ata ccg gcc gga act tat gac ttt 2511 Met Asp Gly Thr Ala Ser Val Asn Ile Pro Ala Gly Thr Tyr Asp Phe 795 800 805 gca att gct gct cct caa gca aat gca aag att tgg att gcc gga caa 2559 Ala Ile Ala Ala Pro Gln Ala Asn Ala Lys Ile Trp Ile Ala Gly Gln 810 815 820 825 gga ccg acg aaa gaa gat gat tat gta ttt gaa gcc ggt aaa aaa tac 2607 Gly Pro Thr Lys Glu Asp Asp Tyr Val Phe Glu Ala Gly Lys Lys Tyr 830 835 840 cat ttc ctt atg aag aag atg ggt agc ggt gat gga act gaa ttg act 2655 His Phe Leu Met Lys Lys Met Gly Ser Gly Asp Gly Thr Glu Leu Thr 845 850 855 ata agc gaa ggt ggt gga agc gat tac acc tat act gtc tat cgt gac 2703 Ile Ser Glu Gly Gly Gly Ser Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp 860 865 870 ggc acg aag atc aag gaa ggt ctg acg gct acg aca ttc gaa gaa gac 2751 Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Ala Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp 875 880 885 ggt gta gct acg ggc aat cat gag tat tgc gtg gaa gtt aag tac aca 2799 Gly Val Ala Thr Gly Asn His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr 890 895 900 905 gcc ggc gta tct ccg aag gta tgt aaa gac gtt acg gta gaa gga tcc 2847 Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Val Cys Lys Asp Val Thr Val Glu Gly Ser 910 915 920 aat gaa ttt gct cct gta cag aac ctg acc ggt agt gca gtc ggc cag 2895 Asn Glu Phe Ala Pro Val Gln Asn Leu Thr Gly Ser Ala Val Gly Gln 925 930 935 aaa gta acg ctt aag tgg gat gca cct aat ggt acc ccg aat cca aat 2943 Lys Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp Ala Pro Asn Gly Thr Pro Asn Pro Asn 940 945 950 cca aat ccg aat cca aat ccg aat ccc gga aca act aca ctt tcc gaa 2991 Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly Thr Thr Thr Leu Ser Glu 955 960 965 tca ttc gaa aat ggt att cct gcc tca tgg aag acg atc gat gca gac 3039 Ser Phe Glu Asn Gly Ile Pro Ala Ser Trp Lys Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp 970 975 980 985 ggt gac ggg cat ggc tgg aag cct gga aat gct ccc gga atc gct ggc 3087 Gly Asp Gly His Gly Trp Lys Pro Gly Asn Ala Pro Gly Ile Ala Gly 990 995 1000 tac aat agc aat ggt tgt gta tat tca gag tca ttc ggt ctt ggt ggt 3135 Tyr Asn Ser Asn Gly Cys Val Tyr Ser Glu Ser Phe Gly Leu Gly Gly 1005 1010 1015 ata gga gtt ctt acc cct gac aac tat ctg ata aca ccg gca ttg gat 3183 Ile Gly Val Leu Thr Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile Thr Pro Ala Leu Asp 1020 1025 1030 ttg cct aac gga ggt aag ttg act ttc tgg gta tgc gca cag gat gct 3231 Leu Pro Asn Gly Gly Lys Leu Thr Phe Trp Val Cys Ala Gln Asp Ala 1035 1040 1045 aat tat gca tcc gag cac tat gcg gtg tat gca tct tcg acc ggt aac 3279 Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu His Tyr Ala Val Tyr Ala Ser Ser Thr Gly Asn 1050 1055 1060 1065 gat gca tcc aac ttc acg aat gct ttg ttg gaa gag acg att acg gca 3327 Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe Thr Asn Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu Thr Ile Thr Ala 1070 1075 1080 aaa ggt gtt cgc tcg ccg gaa gct atg cgt ggt cgt ata cag ggt act 3375 Lys Gly Val Arg Ser Pro Glu Ala Met Arg Gly Arg

Ile Gln Gly Thr 1085 1090 1095 tgg cgc cag aag acg gta gac ctt ccc gca ggt acg aaa tat gtt gct 3423 Trp Arg Gln Lys Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala 1100 1105 1110 ttc cgt cac ttc caa agc acc gat atg ttc tac atc gac ctt gat gag 3471 Phe Arg His Phe Gln Ser Thr Asp Met Phe Tyr Ile Asp Leu Asp Glu 1115 1120 1125 gtt gag atc aag gcc aat ggc aag cgc gca gac ttc acg gaa acg ttc 3519 Val Glu Ile Lys Ala Asn Gly Lys Arg Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe 1130 1135 1140 1145 gag tct tct act cat gga gag gca cca gcg gaa tgg act act atc gat 3567 Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu Ala Pro Ala Glu Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp 1150 1155 1160 gcc gat ggc gat ggt cag ggt tgg ctc tgt ctg tct tcc gga caa ttg 3615 Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly Gln Gly Trp Leu Cys Leu Ser Ser Gly Gln Leu 1165 1170 1175 gac tgg ctg aca gct cat ggc ggc acc aac gta gta agc tct ttc tca 3663 Asp Trp Leu Thr Ala His Gly Gly Thr Asn Val Val Ser Ser Phe Ser 1180 1185 1190 tgg aat gga atg gct ttg aat cct gat aac tat ctc atc tca aag gat 3711 Trp Asn Gly Met Ala Leu Asn Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile Ser Lys Asp 1195 1200 1205 gtt aca ggc gca acg aag gta aag tac tac tat gca gtc aac gac ggt 3759 Val Thr Gly Ala Thr Lys Val Lys Tyr Tyr Tyr Ala Val Asn Asp Gly 1210 1215 1220 1225 ttt ccc ggg gat cac tat gcg gtg atg atc tcc aag acg ggc acg aac 3807 Phe Pro Gly Asp His Tyr Ala Val Met Ile Ser Lys Thr Gly Thr Asn 1230 1235 1240 gcc gga gac ttc acg gtt gtt ttc gaa gaa acg cct aac gga ata aat 3855 Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr Val Val Phe Glu Glu Thr Pro Asn Gly Ile Asn 1245 1250 1255 aag ggc gga gca aga ttc ggt ctt tcc acg gaa gcc gat ggc gcc aaa 3903 Lys Gly Gly Ala Arg Phe Gly Leu Ser Thr Glu Ala Asp Gly Ala Lys 1260 1265 1270 cct caa agt gta tgg atc gag cgt acg gta gat ttg cct gcg ggc acg 3951 Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr 1275 1280 1285 aag tat gtt gct ttc cgt cac tac aat tgc tcg gat ttg aac tac att 3999 Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Tyr Asn Cys Ser Asp Leu Asn Tyr Ile 1290 1295 1300 1305 ctt ttg gat gat att cag ttc acc atg ggt ggc agc ccc acc ccg acc 4047 Leu Leu Asp Asp Ile Gln Phe Thr Met Gly Gly Ser Pro Thr Pro Thr 1310 1315 1320 gat tat acc tac acg gtg tat cgt gat ggt acg aag atc aag gaa ggt 4095 Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly 1325 1330 1335 ttg acc gaa acg acc ttc gaa gaa gac ggc gta gct acg ggc aat cat 4143 Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val Ala Thr Gly Asn His 1340 1345 1350 gag tat tgc gtg gaa gtg aag tac aca gcc ggc gta tct ccg aag aaa 4191 Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Lys 1355 1360 1365 tgt gta aac gta act gtt aat tcg aca cag ttc aat cct gta aag aac 4239 Cys Val Asn Val Thr Val Asn Ser Thr Gln Phe Asn Pro Val Lys Asn 1370 1375 1380 1385 ctg aag gca caa ccg gat ggc ggc gac gtg gtt ctc aag tgg gaa gcc 4287 Leu Lys Ala Gln Pro Asp Gly Gly Asp Val Val Leu Lys Trp Glu Ala 1390 1395 1400 ccg agc gca aag aag aca gaa ggt tct cgt gaa gta aaa cgg atc gga 4335 Pro Ser Ala Lys Lys Thr Glu Gly Ser Arg Glu Val Lys Arg Ile Gly 1405 1410 1415 gac ggt ctt ttc gtt acg atc gaa cct gca aac gat gta cgt gcc aac 4383 Asp Gly Leu Phe Val Thr Ile Glu Pro Ala Asn Asp Val Arg Ala Asn 1420 1425 1430 gaa gcc aag gtt gtg ctc gca gca gac aac gta tgg gga gac aat acg 4431 Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly Asp Asn Thr 1435 1440 1445 ggt tac cag ttc ttg ttg gat gcc gat cac aat aca ttc gga agt gtc 4479 Gly Tyr Gln Phe Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp His Asn Thr Phe Gly Ser Val 1450 1455 1460 1465 att ccg gca acc ggt cct ctc ttt acc gga aca gct tct tcc gat ctt 4527 Ile Pro Ala Thr Gly Pro Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Ala Ser Ser Asp Leu 1470 1475 1480 tac agt gcg aac ttc gag tct ttg atc ccg gcc aat gcc gat cct gtt 4575 Tyr Ser Ala Asn Phe Glu Ser Leu Ile Pro Ala Asn Ala Asp Pro Val 1485 1490 1495 gtt act aca cag aat att atc gtt aca gga cag ggt gaa gtt gta atc 4623 Val Thr Thr Gln Asn Ile Ile Val Thr Gly Gln Gly Glu Val Val Ile 1500 1505 1510 ccc ggt ggt gtt tac gac tat tgc att acg aac ccg gaa cct gca tcc 4671 Pro Gly Gly Val Tyr Asp Tyr Cys Ile Thr Asn Pro Glu Pro Ala Ser 1515 1520 1525 gga aag atg tgg atc gca gga gat gga ggc aac cag cct gca cgt tat 4719 Gly Lys Met Trp Ile Ala Gly Asp Gly Gly Asn Gln Pro Ala Arg Tyr 1530 1535 1540 1545 gac gat ttc aca ttc gaa gca ggc aag aag tac acc ttc acg atg cgt 4767 Asp Asp Phe Thr Phe Glu Ala Gly Lys Lys Tyr Thr Phe Thr Met Arg 1550 1555 1560 cgc gcc gga atg gga gat gga act gat atg gaa gtc gaa gac gat tca 4815 Arg Ala Gly Met Gly Asp Gly Thr Asp Met Glu Val Glu Asp Asp Ser 1565 1570 1575 cct gca agc tat acc tat aca gtc tat cgt gac ggc acg aag atc aag 4863 Pro Ala Ser Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys 1580 1585 1590 gaa ggt ctg acc gaa acg acc tac cgc gac gca gga atg agt gca caa 4911 Glu Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr Tyr Arg Asp Ala Gly Met Ser Ala Gln 1595 1600 1605 tct cat gar tat tgc gtg gaa gtt aag tac aca gcc ggt gtt tct ccg 4959 Ser His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro 1610 1615 1620 1625 aag gtt tgt gtg gat tat att cct gac gga gtg gca gac gta acg gct 5007 Lys Val Cys Val Asp Tyr Ile Pro Asp Gly Val Ala Asp Val Thr Ala 1630 1635 1640 cag aag cct tac acg ctg aca gtt gta gga aag acg atc acg gta act 5055 Gln Lys Pro Tyr Thr Leu Thr Val Val Gly Lys Thr Ile Thr Val Thr 1645 1650 1655 tgc caa ggc gaa gct atg atc tac gac atg aac ggt cgt cgt ctg gca 5103 Cys Gln Gly Glu Ala Met Ile Tyr Asp Met Asn Gly Arg Arg Leu Ala 1660 1665 1670 gcc ggt cgc aac acg gtt gtt tac acg gct cag ggc ggc tac tat gca 5151 Ala Gly Arg Asn Thr Val Val Tyr Thr Ala Gln Gly Gly Tyr Tyr Ala 1675 1680 1685 gtt atg gtt gtc gtt gac ggc aag tct tac gta gag aaa ctc gct atc 5199 Val Met Val Val Val Asp Gly Lys Ser Tyr Val Glu Lys Leu Ala Ile 1690 1695 1700 1705 aag taaatctgtc ttggactcgg agactttgtg cagacacttt taagataggt 5252 Lys ctgtaattgt ctcagagtat gaatcggt 5280 21 1706 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 21 Met Lys Asn Leu Asn Lys Phe Val Ser Ile Ala Leu Cys Ser Ser Leu 1 5 10 15 Leu Gly Gly Met Ala Phe Ala Gln Gln Thr Glu Leu Gly Arg Asn Pro 20 25 30 Asn Val Arg Leu Leu Glu Ser Thr Gln Gln Ser Val Thr Lys Val Gln 35 40 45 Phe Arg Met Asp Asn Leu Lys Phe Thr Glu Val Gln Thr Pro Lys Gly 50 55 60 Ile Gly Gln Val Pro Thr Tyr Thr Glu Gly Val Asn Leu Ser Glu Lys 65 70 75 80 Gly Met Pro Thr Leu Pro Ile Leu Ser Arg Ser Leu Ala Val Ser Asp 85 90 95 Thr Arg Glu Met Lys Val Glu Val Val Ser Ser Lys Phe Ile Glu Lys 100 105 110 Lys Asn Val Leu Ile Ala Pro Ser Lys Gly Met Ile Met Arg Asn Glu 115 120 125 Asp Pro Lys Lys Ile Pro Tyr Val Tyr Gly Lys Thr Tyr Ser Gln Asn 130 135 140 Lys Phe Phe Pro Gly Glu Ile Ala Thr Leu Asp Asp Pro Phe Ile Leu 145 150 155 160 Arg Asp Val Arg Gly Gln Val Val Asn Phe Ala Pro Leu Gln Tyr Asn 165 170 175 Pro Val Thr Lys Thr Leu Arg Ile Tyr Thr Glu Ile Thr Val Ala Val 180 185 190 Ser Glu Thr Ser Glu Gln Gly Lys Asn Ile Leu Asn Lys Lys Gly Thr 195 200 205 Phe Ala Gly Phe Glu Asp Thr Tyr Lys Arg Met Phe Met Asn Tyr Glu 210 215 220 Pro Gly Arg Tyr Thr Pro Val Glu Glu Lys Gln Asn Gly Arg Met Ile 225 230 235 240 Val Ile Val Ala Lys Lys Tyr Glu Gly Asp Ile Lys Asp Phe Val Asp 245 250 255 Trp Lys Asn Gln Arg Gly Leu Arg Thr Glu Val Lys Val Ala Glu Asp 260 265 270 Ile Ala Ser Pro Val Thr Ala Asn Ala Ile Gln Gln Phe Val Lys Gln 275 280 285 Glu Tyr Glu Lys Glu Gly Asn Asp Leu Thr Tyr Val Leu Leu Ile Gly 290 295 300 Asp His Lys Asp Ile Pro Ala Lys Ile Thr Pro Gly Ile Lys Ser Asp 305 310 315 320 Gln Val Tyr Gly Gln Ile Val Gly Asn Asp His Tyr Asn Glu Val Phe 325 330 335 Ile Gly Arg Phe Ser Cys Glu Ser Lys Glu Asp Leu Lys Thr Gln Ile 340 345 350 Asp Arg Thr Ile His Tyr Glu Arg Asn Ile Thr Thr Glu Asp Lys Trp 355 360 365 Leu Gly Gln Ala Leu Cys Ile Ala Ser Ala Glu Gly Gly Pro Ser Ala 370 375 380 Asp Asn Gly Glu Ser Asp Ile Gln His Glu Asn Val Ile Ala Asn Leu 385 390 395 400 Leu Thr Gln Tyr Gly Tyr Thr Lys Ile Ile Lys Cys Tyr Asp Pro Gly 405 410 415 Val Thr Pro Lys Asn Ile Ile Asp Ala Phe Asn Gly Gly Ile Ser Leu 420 425 430 Ala Asn Tyr Thr Gly His Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Trp Gly Thr Ser His 435 440 445 Phe Gly Thr Thr His Val Lys Gln Leu Thr Asn Ser Asn Gln Leu Pro 450 455 460 Phe Ile Phe Asp Val Ala Cys Val Asn Gly Asp Phe Leu Phe Ser Met 465 470 475 480 Pro Cys Phe Ala Glu Ala Leu Met Arg Ala Gln Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro 485 490 495 Thr Gly Thr Val Ala Ile Ile Ala Ser Thr Ile Asn Gln Ser Trp Ala 500 505 510 Ser Pro Met Arg Gly Gln Asp Glu Met Asn Glu Ile Leu Cys Glu Lys 515 520 525 His Pro Asn Asn Ile Lys Arg Thr Phe Gly Gly Val Thr Met Asn Gly 530 535 540 Met Phe Ala Met Val Glu Lys Tyr Lys Lys Asp Gly Glu Lys Met Leu 545 550 555 560 Asp Thr Trp Thr Val Phe Gly Asp Pro Ser Leu Leu Val Arg Thr Leu 565 570 575 Val Pro Thr Lys Met Gln Val Thr Ala Pro Ala Gln Ile Asn Leu Thr 580 585 590 Asp Ala Ser Val Asn Val Ser Cys Asp Tyr Asn Gly Ala Ile Ala Thr 595 600 605 Ile Ser Ala Asn Gly Lys Met Phe Gly Ser Ala Val Val Glu Asn Gly 610 615 620 Thr Ala Thr Ile Asn Leu Thr Gly Leu Thr Asn Glu Ser Thr Leu Thr 625 630 635 640 Leu Thr Val Val Gly Tyr Asn Lys Glu Thr Val Ile Lys Thr Ile Asn 645 650 655 Thr Asn Gly Glu Pro Asn Pro Tyr Gln Pro Val Ser Asn Leu Thr Ala 660 665 670 Thr Thr Gln Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp Ala Pro Ser Thr 675 680 685 Lys Thr Asn Ala Thr Thr Asn Thr Ala Arg Ser Val Asp Gly Ile Arg 690 695 700 Glu Leu Val Leu Leu Ser Val Ser Asp Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu Arg Ser 705 710 715 720 Gly Gln Ala Glu Ile Val Leu Glu Ala His Asp Val Trp Asn Asp Gly 725 730 735 Ser Gly Tyr Gln Ile Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp His Asp Gln Tyr Gly Gln 740 745 750 Val Ile Pro Ser Asp Thr His Thr Leu Trp Pro Asn Cys Ser Val Pro 755 760 765 Ala Asn Leu Phe Ala Pro Phe Glu Tyr Thr Val Pro Glu Asn Ala Asp 770 775 780 Pro Ser Cys Ser Pro Thr Asn Met Ile Met Asp Gly Thr Ala Ser Val 785 790 795 800 Asn Ile Pro Ala Gly Thr Tyr Asp Phe Ala Ile Ala Ala Pro Gln Ala 805 810 815 Asn Ala Lys Ile Trp Ile Ala Gly Gln Gly Pro Thr Lys Glu Asp Asp 820 825 830 Tyr Val Phe Glu Ala Gly Lys Lys Tyr His Phe Leu Met Lys Lys Met 835 840 845 Gly Ser Gly Asp Gly Thr Glu Leu Thr Ile Ser Glu Gly Gly Gly Ser 850 855 860 Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly 865 870 875 880 Leu Thr Ala Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val Ala Thr Gly Asn His 885 890 895 Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Val 900 905 910 Cys Lys Asp Val Thr Val Glu Gly Ser Asn Glu Phe Ala Pro Val Gln 915 920 925 Asn Leu Thr Gly Ser Ala Val Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp 930 935 940 Ala Pro Asn Gly Thr Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro 945 950 955 960 Asn Pro Gly Thr Thr Thr Leu Ser Glu Ser Phe Glu Asn Gly Ile Pro 965 970 975 Ala Ser Trp Lys Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly His Gly Trp Lys 980 985 990 Pro Gly Asn Ala Pro Gly Ile Ala Gly Tyr Asn Ser Asn Gly Cys Val 995 1000 1005 Tyr Ser Glu Ser Phe Gly Leu Gly Gly Ile Gly Val Leu Thr Pro Asp 1010 1015 1020 Asn Tyr Leu Ile Thr Pro Ala Leu Asp Leu Pro Asn Gly Gly Lys Leu 1025 1030 1035 1040 Thr Phe Trp Val Cys Ala Gln Asp Ala Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu His Tyr 1045 1050 1055 Ala Val Tyr Ala Ser Ser Thr Gly Asn Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe Thr Asn 1060 1065 1070 Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Val Arg Ser Pro Glu 1075 1080 1085 Ala Met Arg Gly Arg Ile Gln Gly Thr Trp Arg Gln Lys Thr Val Asp 1090 1095 1100 Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Phe Gln Ser Thr 1105 1110 1115 1120 Asp Met Phe Tyr Ile Asp Leu Asp Glu Val Glu Ile Lys Ala Asn Gly 1125 1130 1135 Lys Arg Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu 1140 1145 1150 Ala Pro Ala Glu Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly Gln Gly 1155 1160 1165 Trp Leu Cys Leu Ser Ser Gly Gln Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Ala His Gly 1170 1175 1180 Gly Thr Asn Val Val Ser Ser Phe Ser Trp Asn Gly Met Ala Leu Asn 1185 1190 1195 1200 Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile Ser Lys Asp Val Thr Gly Ala Thr Lys Val 1205 1210 1215 Lys Tyr Tyr Tyr Ala Val Asn Asp Gly Phe Pro Gly Asp His Tyr Ala 1220 1225 1230 Val Met Ile Ser Lys Thr Gly Thr Asn Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr Val Val 1235 1240 1245 Phe Glu Glu Thr Pro Asn Gly Ile Asn Lys Gly Gly Ala Arg Phe Gly 1250 1255 1260 Leu Ser Thr Glu Ala Asp Gly Ala Lys Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu 1265 1270 1275 1280 Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His 1285 1290 1295 Tyr Asn Cys Ser Asp Leu Asn Tyr Ile Leu Leu Asp Asp Ile Gln Phe 1300 1305 1310 Thr Met Gly Gly Ser Pro Thr Pro Thr Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr 1315 1320 1325 Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr Phe Glu 1330 1335 1340 Glu Asp Gly Val Ala Thr Gly Asn His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys 1345 1350 1355 1360 Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Lys Cys Val Asn Val Thr Val Asn 1365 1370 1375 Ser Thr Gln Phe Asn Pro Val Lys Asn Leu Lys Ala Gln Pro Asp Gly 1380 1385 1390 Gly Asp Val Val Leu Lys Trp Glu Ala Pro Ser Ala Lys Lys Thr Glu 1395 1400 1405 Gly Ser Arg Glu Val Lys Arg Ile Gly Asp Gly Leu Phe Val Thr Ile 1410 1415 1420 Glu Pro Ala Asn Asp Val Arg Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala 1425 1430

1435 1440 Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly Asp Asn Thr Gly Tyr Gln Phe Leu Leu Asp 1445 1450 1455 Ala Asp His Asn Thr Phe Gly Ser Val Ile Pro Ala Thr Gly Pro Leu 1460 1465 1470 Phe Thr Gly Thr Ala Ser Ser Asp Leu Tyr Ser Ala Asn Phe Glu Ser 1475 1480 1485 Leu Ile Pro Ala Asn Ala Asp Pro Val Val Thr Thr Gln Asn Ile Ile 1490 1495 1500 Val Thr Gly Gln Gly Glu Val Val Ile Pro Gly Gly Val Tyr Asp Tyr 1505 1510 1515 1520 Cys Ile Thr Asn Pro Glu Pro Ala Ser Gly Lys Met Trp Ile Ala Gly 1525 1530 1535 Asp Gly Gly Asn Gln Pro Ala Arg Tyr Asp Asp Phe Thr Phe Glu Ala 1540 1545 1550 Gly Lys Lys Tyr Thr Phe Thr Met Arg Arg Ala Gly Met Gly Asp Gly 1555 1560 1565 Thr Asp Met Glu Val Glu Asp Asp Ser Pro Ala Ser Tyr Thr Tyr Thr 1570 1575 1580 Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr 1585 1590 1595 1600 Tyr Arg Asp Ala Gly Met Ser Ala Gln Ser His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu 1605 1610 1615 Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Val Cys Val Asp Tyr Ile 1620 1625 1630 Pro Asp Gly Val Ala Asp Val Thr Ala Gln Lys Pro Tyr Thr Leu Thr 1635 1640 1645 Val Val Gly Lys Thr Ile Thr Val Thr Cys Gln Gly Glu Ala Met Ile 1650 1655 1660 Tyr Asp Met Asn Gly Arg Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Arg Asn Thr Val Val 1665 1670 1675 1680 Tyr Thr Ala Gln Gly Gly Tyr Tyr Ala Val Met Val Val Val Asp Gly 1685 1690 1695 Lys Ser Tyr Val Glu Lys Leu Ala Ile Lys 1700 1705 22 18 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 22 Arg Asp Val Tyr Thr Asp His Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Thr Pro Val Arg 1 5 10 15 Met Leu 23 6000 DNA Porphyromonas gingivalis CDS (696)..(5891) 23 ggatcctacg cccgataccc atactcgaag cctttgctca gtaccatcct gcagaaggtt 60 actctttcgc atatagtgac cctcttttct ctcagcataa tggtacctat catatcagta 120 aggggcgtat tgtcttttcg aacaatgtac agcccgagaa ctctttactt ccacatcaca 180 cccccgactc cttagtcaag gatctttttt cccctttccc ctccgctctc ttcctcatgc 240 tggactgact taaccttggt ctgctctact tttcggttgt aaatacatgc aacacaataa 300 ctttaagtgt tgttagacaa cacttttaca agactctgac ttttaatgag gtggagcatg 360 aaccttttcc tctttcatct tctccttcag attacagtca atattttggc aaaaggctaa 420 ttgacagcct tttataaggg ttaatccctt gtggcttata ttgaaaacat gttctttata 480 atccgatact cttcttaaat cgaatttttt ctctaaattg cgccgcaaca aaactccttg 540 agaaaagtac caatagaaat agaaggtagc attttgcctt taaattcctt ttcttttctt 600 ggattgttct tgaaatgaat cttatttgtg gatttttttt gtttttttaa cccggccgtg 660 gttctctgaa tcacgaccat aaattgtttt aaagt atg agg aaa tta tta ttg 713 Met Arg Lys Leu Leu Leu 1 5 ctg atc gcg gcg tcc ctt ttg gga gtt ggt ctt tac gcc caa agc gcc 761 Leu Ile Ala Ala Ser Leu Leu Gly Val Gly Leu Tyr Ala Gln Ser Ala 10 15 20 aag att aag ctt gat gct ccg act act cga acg aca tgt acg aac aat 809 Lys Ile Lys Leu Asp Ala Pro Thr Thr Arg Thr Thr Cys Thr Asn Asn 25 30 35 agc ttc aag cag ttc gat gca agc ttt tcg ttc aat gaa gtc gag ctg 857 Ser Phe Lys Gln Phe Asp Ala Ser Phe Ser Phe Asn Glu Val Glu Leu 40 45 50 aca aag gtg gag acc aaa ggt ggt act ttc gcc tca gtg tca att ccg 905 Thr Lys Val Glu Thr Lys Gly Gly Thr Phe Ala Ser Val Ser Ile Pro 55 60 65 70 ggt gca ttc ccg acc ggt gag gtt ggt tct ccc gaa gtg cca gca gtt 953 Gly Ala Phe Pro Thr Gly Glu Val Gly Ser Pro Glu Val Pro Ala Val 75 80 85 agg aag ttg att gct gtg cct gtc gga gcc aca cct gtt gtt cgc gtg 1001 Arg Lys Leu Ile Ala Val Pro Val Gly Ala Thr Pro Val Val Arg Val 90 95 100 aaa agt ttt acc gag caa gtt tac tct ctg aac caa tac ggt tcc gaa 1049 Lys Ser Phe Thr Glu Gln Val Tyr Ser Leu Asn Gln Tyr Gly Ser Glu 105 110 115 aaa ctc atg cca cat caa ccc tct atg agc aag agt gat gat ccc gaa 1097 Lys Leu Met Pro His Gln Pro Ser Met Ser Lys Ser Asp Asp Pro Glu 120 125 130 aag gtt ccc ttc gtt tac aat gct gct gct tat gca cgc aaa ggt ttt 1145 Lys Val Pro Phe Val Tyr Asn Ala Ala Ala Tyr Ala Arg Lys Gly Phe 135 140 145 150 gtc gga caa gaa ctg acc caa gta gaa atg ttg ggg aca atg cgt ggt 1193 Val Gly Gln Glu Leu Thr Gln Val Glu Met Leu Gly Thr Met Arg Gly 155 160 165 gtt cgc att gca gct ctt acc att aat cct gtt cag tat gat gtg gtt 1241 Val Arg Ile Ala Ala Leu Thr Ile Asn Pro Val Gln Tyr Asp Val Val 170 175 180 gca aac caa ttg aag gtt aga aac aac atc gaa att gaa gta agc ttt 1289 Ala Asn Gln Leu Lys Val Arg Asn Asn Ile Glu Ile Glu Val Ser Phe 185 190 195 caa gga gct gat gaa gta gct aca caa cgt ttg tat gat gct tct ttt 1337 Gln Gly Ala Asp Glu Val Ala Thr Gln Arg Leu Tyr Asp Ala Ser Phe 200 205 210 agc cct tat ttc gaa aca gct tat aaa cag ctc ttc aat aga gat gtt 1385 Ser Pro Tyr Phe Glu Thr Ala Tyr Lys Gln Leu Phe Asn Arg Asp Val 215 220 225 230 tat aca gat cat ggc gac ttg tat aat acg ccg gtt cgt atg ctt gtt 1433 Tyr Thr Asp His Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Thr Pro Val Arg Met Leu Val 235 240 245 gtt gca ggt gca aaa ttc aaa gaa gct ctc aag cct tgg ctc act tgg 1481 Val Ala Gly Ala Lys Phe Lys Glu Ala Leu Lys Pro Trp Leu Thr Trp 250 255 260 aag gct caa aag ggc ttc tat ctg gat gtg cat tac aca gac gaa gct 1529 Lys Ala Gln Lys Gly Phe Tyr Leu Asp Val His Tyr Thr Asp Glu Ala 265 270 275 gaa gta gga acg aca aac gcc tct atc aag gca ttt att cac aag aaa 1577 Glu Val Gly Thr Thr Asn Ala Ser Ile Lys Ala Phe Ile His Lys Lys 280 285 290 tac aat gat gga ttg gca gct agt gct gct ccg gtc ttc ttg gct ttg 1625 Tyr Asn Asp Gly Leu Ala Ala Ser Ala Ala Pro Val Phe Leu Ala Leu 295 300 305 310 gtt ggt gac act gac gtt att agc gga gaa aaa gga aag aaa aca aaa 1673 Val Gly Asp Thr Asp Val Ile Ser Gly Glu Lys Gly Lys Lys Thr Lys 315 320 325 aaa gtt acc gac ttg tat tac agt gca gtc gat ggc gac tat ttc cct 1721 Lys Val Thr Asp Leu Tyr Tyr Ser Ala Val Asp Gly Asp Tyr Phe Pro 330 335 340 gaa atg tat act ttc cgt atg tct gct tct tcc cca gaa gaa ctg acg 1769 Glu Met Tyr Thr Phe Arg Met Ser Ala Ser Ser Pro Glu Glu Leu Thr 345 350 355 aac atc att gat aag gta ttg atg tat gaa aag gct act atg cca gat 1817 Asn Ile Ile Asp Lys Val Leu Met Tyr Glu Lys Ala Thr Met Pro Asp 360 365 370 aag agt tat ttg gag aaa gtt ctc ttg att gca ggt gca gat tat agc 1865 Lys Ser Tyr Leu Glu Lys Val Leu Leu Ile Ala Gly Ala Asp Tyr Ser 375 380 385 390 tgg aat tcc cag gta ggt cag cca acc att aaa tac ggt atg cag tac 1913 Trp Asn Ser Gln Val Gly Gln Pro Thr Ile Lys Tyr Gly Met Gln Tyr 395 400 405 tac tac aac caa gag cat ggt tat acc gac gtg tac aac tat ctc aaa 1961 Tyr Tyr Asn Gln Glu His Gly Tyr Thr Asp Val Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Lys 410 415 420 gcc cct tat aca ggt tgc tac agt cat ttg aat acc gga gtc agc ttt 2009 Ala Pro Tyr Thr Gly Cys Tyr Ser His Leu Asn Thr Gly Val Ser Phe 425 430 435 gca aac tat aca gcg cat gga tct gag acc gca tgg gct gat cca ctt 2057 Ala Asn Tyr Thr Ala His Gly Ser Glu Thr Ala Trp Ala Asp Pro Leu 440 445 450 ctg act act tct caa ctg aaa gca ctc act aat aag gac aaa tac ttc 2105 Leu Thr Thr Ser Gln Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr Asn Lys Asp Lys Tyr Phe 455 460 465 470 tta gct att ggc aac tgc tgt att aca gct caa ttc gat tat gta cag 2153 Leu Ala Ile Gly Asn Cys Cys Ile Thr Ala Gln Phe Asp Tyr Val Gln 475 480 485 cct tgc ttc gga gag gta ata act cgc gtt aag gag aaa ggg gct tat 2201 Pro Cys Phe Gly Glu Val Ile Thr Arg Val Lys Glu Lys Gly Ala Tyr 490 495 500 gcc tat atc ggt tca tct cca aat tct tat tgg ggc gag gac tac tat 2249 Ala Tyr Ile Gly Ser Ser Pro Asn Ser Tyr Trp Gly Glu Asp Tyr Tyr 505 510 515 tgg agt gtg ggt gct aat gcc gta ttt ggt gtt cag cct act ttt gaa 2297 Trp Ser Val Gly Ala Asn Ala Val Phe Gly Val Gln Pro Thr Phe Glu 520 525 530 ggt acg tct atg ggt tct tat gat gct aca ttc ttg gag gat tcg tac 2345 Gly Thr Ser Met Gly Ser Tyr Asp Ala Thr Phe Leu Glu Asp Ser Tyr 535 540 545 550 aac aca gtg aat tct att atg tgg gca ggt aat ctt gcc gct act cat 2393 Asn Thr Val Asn Ser Ile Met Trp Ala Gly Asn Leu Ala Ala Thr His 555 560 565 gct gga aat atc ggc aat att acc cat att ggt gct cat tac tat tgg 2441 Ala Gly Asn Ile Gly Asn Ile Thr His Ile Gly Ala His Tyr Tyr Trp 570 575 580 gaa gct tat cat gtc ctt ggc gat ggt tcg gtt atg cct tat cgt gca 2489 Glu Ala Tyr His Val Leu Gly Asp Gly Ser Val Met Pro Tyr Arg Ala 585 590 595 atg cct aag acc aat act tat acg ctt cct gcc tct ttg cct cag aat 2537 Met Pro Lys Thr Asn Thr Tyr Thr Leu Pro Ala Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn 600 605 610 cag gct tct tat agc att cag gct tct gcc ggt tct tac gta gct att 2585 Gln Ala Ser Tyr Ser Ile Gln Ala Ser Ala Gly Ser Tyr Val Ala Ile 615 620 625 630 tct aaa gat gga gtt ttg tat gga aca ggt gtt gct aat gcc agc ggt 2633 Ser Lys Asp Gly Val Leu Tyr Gly Thr Gly Val Ala Asn Ala Ser Gly 635 640 645 gtt gcg act gtg agt atg act aag cag att acg gaa aat ggt aat tat 2681 Val Ala Thr Val Ser Met Thr Lys Gln Ile Thr Glu Asn Gly Asn Tyr 650 655 660 gat gta gtt atc act cgc tct aat tat ctt cct gtg atc aag caa att 2729 Asp Val Val Ile Thr Arg Ser Asn Tyr Leu Pro Val Ile Lys Gln Ile 665 670 675 cag gta ggt gag cct agc ccc tac cag ccc gtt tcc aac ttg aca gct 2777 Gln Val Gly Glu Pro Ser Pro Tyr Gln Pro Val Ser Asn Leu Thr Ala 680 685 690 aca acg cag ggt cag aaa gta acg ctc aag tgg gaa gca ccg agc gca 2825 Thr Thr Gln Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Glu Ala Pro Ser Ala 695 700 705 710 aag aag gca gaa ggt tcc cgt gaa gta aaa cgg atc gga gac ggt ctt 2873 Lys Lys Ala Glu Gly Ser Arg Glu Val Lys Arg Ile Gly Asp Gly Leu 715 720 725 ttc gtt acg atc gaa cct gca aac gat gta cgt gcc aac gaa gcc aag 2921 Phe Val Thr Ile Glu Pro Ala Asn Asp Val Arg Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys 730 735 740 gtt gtg ctt gcg gca gac aac gta tgg gga gac aat acg ggt tac cag 2969 Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly Asp Asn Thr Gly Tyr Gln 745 750 755 ttc ttg ttg gat gcc gat cac aat aca ttc gga agt gtc att ccg gca 3017 Phe Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp His Asn Thr Phe Gly Ser Val Ile Pro Ala 760 765 770 acc ggt cct ctc ttt acc gga aca gct tct tcc aat ctt tac agt gcg 3065 Thr Gly Pro Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Ala Ser Ser Asn Leu Tyr Ser Ala 775 780 785 790 aac ttc gag tat ttg gtc ccg gcc aat gcc gat cct gtt gtt act aca 3113 Asn Phe Glu Tyr Leu Val Pro Ala Asn Ala Asp Pro Val Val Thr Thr 795 800 805 cag aat att atc gtt aca gga cag ggt gaa gtt gta atc ccc ggt ggt 3161 Gln Asn Ile Ile Val Thr Gly Gln Gly Glu Val Val Ile Pro Gly Gly 810 815 820 gtt tac gac tat tgc att acg aac ccg gaa cct gca tcc gga aag atg 3209 Val Tyr Asp Tyr Cys Ile Thr Asn Pro Glu Pro Ala Ser Gly Lys Met 825 830 835 tgg atc gca gga gat gga ggc aac cag cct gca cgt tat gac gat ttc 3257 Trp Ile Ala Gly Asp Gly Gly Asn Gln Pro Ala Arg Tyr Asp Asp Phe 840 845 850 aca ttc gaa gca ggc aag aag tac acc ttc acg atg cgt cgc gcc gga 3305 Thr Phe Glu Ala Gly Lys Lys Tyr Thr Phe Thr Met Arg Arg Ala Gly 855 860 865 870 atg gga gat gga act gat atg gaa gtc gaa gac gat tca cct gca agc 3353 Met Gly Asp Gly Thr Asp Met Glu Val Glu Asp Asp Ser Pro Ala Ser 875 880 885 tat acc tac acg gtg tat cgt gac ggc acg aag atc aag gaa ggt ctg 3401 Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu 890 895 900 aca gct acg aca ttc gaa gaa gac ggt gta gct gca ggc aat cat gag 3449 Thr Ala Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val Ala Ala Gly Asn His Glu 905 910 915 tat tgc gtg gaa gtt aag tac aca gcc ggc gta tct ccg aag gta tgt 3497 Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Val Cys 920 925 930 aaa gac gtt acg gta gaa gga tcc aat gaa ttt gct cct gta cag aac 3545 Lys Asp Val Thr Val Glu Gly Ser Asn Glu Phe Ala Pro Val Gln Asn 935 940 945 950 ctg acc ggt agt tca gta ggt cag aaa gta acg ctt aag tgg gat gca 3593 Leu Thr Gly Ser Ser Val Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp Ala 955 960 965 cct aat ggt acc ccg aat ccg aat cca aat ccg aat ccg aat ccg gga 3641 Pro Asn Gly Thr Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly 970 975 980 aca aca ctt tcc gaa tca ttc gaa aat ggt att ccg gca tct tgg aag 3689 Thr Thr Leu Ser Glu Ser Phe Glu Asn Gly Ile Pro Ala Ser Trp Lys 985 990 995 acg atc gat gca gac ggt gac ggg cat ggc tgg aaa cct gga aat gct 3737 Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly His Gly Trp Lys Pro Gly Asn Ala 1000 1005 1010 ccc gga atc gct ggc tac aat agc aat ggt tgt gta tat tca gag tca 3785 Pro Gly Ile Ala Gly Tyr Asn Ser Asn Gly Cys Val Tyr Ser Glu Ser 1015 1020 1025 1030 ttc ggt ctt ggt ggt ata gga gtt ctt acc cct gac aac tat ctg ata 3833 Phe Gly Leu Gly Gly Ile Gly Val Leu Thr Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile 1035 1040 1045 aca ccg gca ttg gat ttg cct aac gga ggt aag ttg act ttc tgg gta 3881 Thr Pro Ala Leu Asp Leu Pro Asn Gly Gly Lys Leu Thr Phe Trp Val 1050 1055 1060 tgc gca cag gat gct aat tat gca tcc gag cac tat gcg gtg tat gca 3929 Cys Ala Gln Asp Ala Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu His Tyr Ala Val Tyr Ala 1065 1070 1075 tct tcg acc ggt aac gat gca tcc aac ttc acg aat gct ttg ttg gaa 3977 Ser Ser Thr Gly Asn Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe Thr Asn Ala Leu Leu Glu 1080 1085 1090 gag acg att acg gca aaa ggt gtt cgc tcg ccg aaa gct att cgt ggt 4025 Glu Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Val Arg Ser Pro Lys Ala Ile Arg Gly 1095 1100 1105 1110 cgt ata cag ggt act tgg cgc cag aag acg gta gac ctt ccc gca ggt 4073 Arg Ile Gln Gly Thr Trp Arg Gln Lys Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly 1115 1120 1125 acg aaa tat gtt gct ttc cgt cac ttc caa agc acg gat atg ttc tac 4121 Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Phe Gln Ser Thr Asp Met Phe Tyr 1130 1135 1140 atc gac ctt gat gag gtt gag atc aag gcc aat ggc aag cgc gca gac 4169 Ile Asp Leu Asp Glu Val Glu Ile Lys Ala Asn Gly Lys Arg Ala Asp 1145 1150 1155 ttc acg gaa acg ttc gag tct tct act cat gga gag gca cca gcg gaa 4217 Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His Gly Glu Ala Pro Ala Glu 1160 1165 1170 tgg act act atc gat gcc gat ggc gat ggt cag ggt tgg ctc tgt ctg 4265 Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly Gln Gly Trp Leu Cys Leu 1175 1180 1185 1190 tct tcc gga caa ttg gac tgg ctg aca gct cat ggc ggc agc aac gta 4313 Ser Ser Gly Gln Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Ala His Gly Gly Ser Asn Val 1195 1200 1205 gta agc tct ttc tca tgg aat gga atg gct ttg aat cct gat aac tat 4361 Val Ser Ser Phe Ser Trp Asn Gly Met Ala Leu Asn Pro Asp Asn Tyr 1210 1215 1220 ctc atc tca aag gat gtt aca ggc gca acg aag gta aag tac tac tat 4409 Leu Ile Ser Lys Asp Val Thr Gly Ala Thr Lys Val Lys Tyr Tyr Tyr 1225 1230 1235 gca gtc aac gac ggt ttt ccc ggg gat cac tat gcg gtg atg atc tcc 4457 Ala Val Asn Asp Gly Phe Pro Gly Asp His Tyr Ala Val Met Ile Ser 1240 1245 1250 aag acg ggc acg aac gcc gga gac ttc

acg gtt gtt ttc gaa gaa acg 4505 Lys Thr Gly Thr Asn Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr Val Val Phe Glu Glu Thr 1255 1260 1265 1270 cct aac gga ata aat aag ggc gga gca aga ttc ggt ctt tcc acg gaa 4553 Pro Asn Gly Ile Asn Lys Gly Gly Ala Arg Phe Gly Leu Ser Thr Glu 1275 1280 1285 gcc aat ggc gcc aaa cct caa agt gta tgg atc gag cgt acg gta gat 4601 Ala Asn Gly Ala Lys Pro Gln Ser Val Trp Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp 1290 1295 1300 ttg cct gca ggc acg aag tat gtt gct ttc cgt cac tac aat tgc tcg 4649 Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Tyr Asn Cys Ser 1305 1310 1315 gat ttg aac tac att ctt ttg gat gat att cag ttc acc atg ggt ggc 4697 Asp Leu Asn Tyr Ile Leu Leu Asp Asp Ile Gln Phe Thr Met Gly Gly 1320 1325 1330 agc ccc acc ccg acc gat tat acc tac acg gtg tat cgt gat ggt acg 4745 Ser Pro Thr Pro Thr Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr 1335 1340 1345 1350 aag atc aag gaa ggt ttg acc gaa acg acc ttc gaa gaa gac ggc gta 4793 Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val 1355 1360 1365 gct acg ggc aat cat gag tat tgc gtg gaa gtg aag tac aca gcc ggc 4841 Ala Thr Gly Asn His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly 1370 1375 1380 gta tct ccg aag aaa tgt gta gac gta act gtt aat tcg aca cag ttc 4889 Val Ser Pro Lys Lys Cys Val Asp Val Thr Val Asn Ser Thr Gln Phe 1385 1390 1395 aat cct gta cag aac ctg acg gca gaa caa gct cct aac agc atg gat 4937 Asn Pro Val Gln Asn Leu Thr Ala Glu Gln Ala Pro Asn Ser Met Asp 1400 1405 1410 gca atc ctt aaa tgg aat gca ccg gca tct aag cgt gcg gaa gtt ctg 4985 Ala Ile Leu Lys Trp Asn Ala Pro Ala Ser Lys Arg Ala Glu Val Leu 1415 1420 1425 1430 aac gaa gac ttc gaa aat ggt att cct gcc tca tgg aag acg atc gat 5033 Asn Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Gly Ile Pro Ala Ser Trp Lys Thr Ile Asp 1435 1440 1445 gca gac ggt gac ggc aac aat tgg acg acg acc cct cct ccc gga ggc 5081 Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly Asn Asn Trp Thr Thr Thr Pro Pro Pro Gly Gly 1450 1455 1460 tcc tct ttt gca ggt cac aac agt gcg atc tgt gtc tct tca gct tct 5129 Ser Ser Phe Ala Gly His Asn Ser Ala Ile Cys Val Ser Ser Ala Ser 1465 1470 1475 cat atc aac ttt gaa ggt cct cag aac cct gat aac tat ctg gtt aca 5177 His Ile Asn Phe Glu Gly Pro Gln Asn Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Val Thr 1480 1485 1490 ccg gag ctt tct ctt cct ggc gga gga acg ctt act ttc tgg gta tgt 5225 Pro Glu Leu Ser Leu Pro Gly Gly Gly Thr Leu Thr Phe Trp Val Cys 1495 1500 1505 1510 gca caa gat gcc aat tat gca tca gag cac tat gcc gtg tac gca tct 5273 Ala Gln Asp Ala Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu His Tyr Ala Val Tyr Ala Ser 1515 1520 1525 tct acg ggt aac gac gct tcc aac ttc gcc aac gct ttg ttg gaa gaa 5321 Ser Thr Gly Asn Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe Ala Asn Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu 1530 1535 1540 gtg ctg acg gcc aag aca gtt gtt acg gca cct gaa gcc att cgt ggt 5369 Val Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Ala Pro Glu Ala Ile Arg Gly 1545 1550 1555 act cgt gct cag ggc acc tgg tat caa aag acg gta cag ttg cct gcg 5417 Thr Arg Ala Gln Gly Thr Trp Tyr Gln Lys Thr Val Gln Leu Pro Ala 1560 1565 1570 ggt act aag tat gtt gcc ttc cgt cac ttc ggc tgt acg gac ttc ttc 5465 Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Phe Gly Cys Thr Asp Phe Phe 1575 1580 1585 1590 tgg atc aac ctt gat gat gtt gta atc act tca ggg aac gct ccg tct 5513 Trp Ile Asn Leu Asp Asp Val Val Ile Thr Ser Gly Asn Ala Pro Ser 1595 1600 1605 tac acc tat acg atc tat cgt aat aat aca cag ata gca tca ggc gta 5561 Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Ile Tyr Arg Asn Asn Thr Gln Ile Ala Ser Gly Val 1610 1615 1620 acg gag act act tac cga gat ccg gac ttg gct acc ggt ttt tac acg 5609 Thr Glu Thr Thr Tyr Arg Asp Pro Asp Leu Ala Thr Gly Phe Tyr Thr 1625 1630 1635 tac ggt gta aag gtt gtt tac ccg aac gga gaa tca gct atc gaa act 5657 Tyr Gly Val Lys Val Val Tyr Pro Asn Gly Glu Ser Ala Ile Glu Thr 1640 1645 1650 gct acg ttg aat atc act tcg ttg gca gac gta acg gct cag aag cct 5705 Ala Thr Leu Asn Ile Thr Ser Leu Ala Asp Val Thr Ala Gln Lys Pro 1655 1660 1665 1670 tac acg ctg aca gtt gta gga aag acg atc acg gta act tgc caa ggc 5753 Tyr Thr Leu Thr Val Val Gly Lys Thr Ile Thr Val Thr Cys Gln Gly 1675 1680 1685 gaa gct atg atc tac gac atg aac ggt cgt cgt ctg gca gcg ggt cgc 5801 Glu Ala Met Ile Tyr Asp Met Asn Gly Arg Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Arg 1690 1695 1700 aac acg gtt gtt tac acg gct cag ggc ggc cac tat gca gtc atg gtt 5849 Asn Thr Val Val Tyr Thr Ala Gln Gly Gly His Tyr Ala Val Met Val 1705 1710 1715 gtc gtt gac ggc aag tct tac gta gag aaa ctc gct gta aag 5891 Val Val Asp Gly Lys Ser Tyr Val Glu Lys Leu Ala Val Lys 1720 1725 1730 taaatctgtc ttggactcgg agactttgtg cagacacttt taagataggt ctgtaattgt 5951 ctcagagtat gaatcggtcg cccgacttcc ttaaaaggag gtcgggcga 6000 24 1732 PRT Porphyromonas gingivalis 24 Met Arg Lys Leu Leu Leu Leu Ile Ala Ala Ser Leu Leu Gly Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Leu Tyr Ala Gln Ser Ala Lys Ile Lys Leu Asp Ala Pro Thr Thr Arg 20 25 30 Thr Thr Cys Thr Asn Asn Ser Phe Lys Gln Phe Asp Ala Ser Phe Ser 35 40 45 Phe Asn Glu Val Glu Leu Thr Lys Val Glu Thr Lys Gly Gly Thr Phe 50 55 60 Ala Ser Val Ser Ile Pro Gly Ala Phe Pro Thr Gly Glu Val Gly Ser 65 70 75 80 Pro Glu Val Pro Ala Val Arg Lys Leu Ile Ala Val Pro Val Gly Ala 85 90 95 Thr Pro Val Val Arg Val Lys Ser Phe Thr Glu Gln Val Tyr Ser Leu 100 105 110 Asn Gln Tyr Gly Ser Glu Lys Leu Met Pro His Gln Pro Ser Met Ser 115 120 125 Lys Ser Asp Asp Pro Glu Lys Val Pro Phe Val Tyr Asn Ala Ala Ala 130 135 140 Tyr Ala Arg Lys Gly Phe Val Gly Gln Glu Leu Thr Gln Val Glu Met 145 150 155 160 Leu Gly Thr Met Arg Gly Val Arg Ile Ala Ala Leu Thr Ile Asn Pro 165 170 175 Val Gln Tyr Asp Val Val Ala Asn Gln Leu Lys Val Arg Asn Asn Ile 180 185 190 Glu Ile Glu Val Ser Phe Gln Gly Ala Asp Glu Val Ala Thr Gln Arg 195 200 205 Leu Tyr Asp Ala Ser Phe Ser Pro Tyr Phe Glu Thr Ala Tyr Lys Gln 210 215 220 Leu Phe Asn Arg Asp Val Tyr Thr Asp His Gly Asp Leu Tyr Asn Thr 225 230 235 240 Pro Val Arg Met Leu Val Val Ala Gly Ala Lys Phe Lys Glu Ala Leu 245 250 255 Lys Pro Trp Leu Thr Trp Lys Ala Gln Lys Gly Phe Tyr Leu Asp Val 260 265 270 His Tyr Thr Asp Glu Ala Glu Val Gly Thr Thr Asn Ala Ser Ile Lys 275 280 285 Ala Phe Ile His Lys Lys Tyr Asn Asp Gly Leu Ala Ala Ser Ala Ala 290 295 300 Pro Val Phe Leu Ala Leu Val Gly Asp Thr Asp Val Ile Ser Gly Glu 305 310 315 320 Lys Gly Lys Lys Thr Lys Lys Val Thr Asp Leu Tyr Tyr Ser Ala Val 325 330 335 Asp Gly Asp Tyr Phe Pro Glu Met Tyr Thr Phe Arg Met Ser Ala Ser 340 345 350 Ser Pro Glu Glu Leu Thr Asn Ile Ile Asp Lys Val Leu Met Tyr Glu 355 360 365 Lys Ala Thr Met Pro Asp Lys Ser Tyr Leu Glu Lys Val Leu Leu Ile 370 375 380 Ala Gly Ala Asp Tyr Ser Trp Asn Ser Gln Val Gly Gln Pro Thr Ile 385 390 395 400 Lys Tyr Gly Met Gln Tyr Tyr Tyr Asn Gln Glu His Gly Tyr Thr Asp 405 410 415 Val Tyr Asn Tyr Leu Lys Ala Pro Tyr Thr Gly Cys Tyr Ser His Leu 420 425 430 Asn Thr Gly Val Ser Phe Ala Asn Tyr Thr Ala His Gly Ser Glu Thr 435 440 445 Ala Trp Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Thr Thr Ser Gln Leu Lys Ala Leu Thr 450 455 460 Asn Lys Asp Lys Tyr Phe Leu Ala Ile Gly Asn Cys Cys Ile Thr Ala 465 470 475 480 Gln Phe Asp Tyr Val Gln Pro Cys Phe Gly Glu Val Ile Thr Arg Val 485 490 495 Lys Glu Lys Gly Ala Tyr Ala Tyr Ile Gly Ser Ser Pro Asn Ser Tyr 500 505 510 Trp Gly Glu Asp Tyr Tyr Trp Ser Val Gly Ala Asn Ala Val Phe Gly 515 520 525 Val Gln Pro Thr Phe Glu Gly Thr Ser Met Gly Ser Tyr Asp Ala Thr 530 535 540 Phe Leu Glu Asp Ser Tyr Asn Thr Val Asn Ser Ile Met Trp Ala Gly 545 550 555 560 Asn Leu Ala Ala Thr His Ala Gly Asn Ile Gly Asn Ile Thr His Ile 565 570 575 Gly Ala His Tyr Tyr Trp Glu Ala Tyr His Val Leu Gly Asp Gly Ser 580 585 590 Val Met Pro Tyr Arg Ala Met Pro Lys Thr Asn Thr Tyr Thr Leu Pro 595 600 605 Ala Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Gln Ala Ser Tyr Ser Ile Gln Ala Ser Ala 610 615 620 Gly Ser Tyr Val Ala Ile Ser Lys Asp Gly Val Leu Tyr Gly Thr Gly 625 630 635 640 Val Ala Asn Ala Ser Gly Val Ala Thr Val Ser Met Thr Lys Gln Ile 645 650 655 Thr Glu Asn Gly Asn Tyr Asp Val Val Ile Thr Arg Ser Asn Tyr Leu 660 665 670 Pro Val Ile Lys Gln Ile Gln Val Gly Glu Pro Ser Pro Tyr Gln Pro 675 680 685 Val Ser Asn Leu Thr Ala Thr Thr Gln Gly Gln Lys Val Thr Leu Lys 690 695 700 Trp Glu Ala Pro Ser Ala Lys Lys Ala Glu Gly Ser Arg Glu Val Lys 705 710 715 720 Arg Ile Gly Asp Gly Leu Phe Val Thr Ile Glu Pro Ala Asn Asp Val 725 730 735 Arg Ala Asn Glu Ala Lys Val Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Asn Val Trp Gly 740 745 750 Asp Asn Thr Gly Tyr Gln Phe Leu Leu Asp Ala Asp His Asn Thr Phe 755 760 765 Gly Ser Val Ile Pro Ala Thr Gly Pro Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Ala Ser 770 775 780 Ser Asn Leu Tyr Ser Ala Asn Phe Glu Tyr Leu Val Pro Ala Asn Ala 785 790 795 800 Asp Pro Val Val Thr Thr Gln Asn Ile Ile Val Thr Gly Gln Gly Glu 805 810 815 Val Val Ile Pro Gly Gly Val Tyr Asp Tyr Cys Ile Thr Asn Pro Glu 820 825 830 Pro Ala Ser Gly Lys Met Trp Ile Ala Gly Asp Gly Gly Asn Gln Pro 835 840 845 Ala Arg Tyr Asp Asp Phe Thr Phe Glu Ala Gly Lys Lys Tyr Thr Phe 850 855 860 Thr Met Arg Arg Ala Gly Met Gly Asp Gly Thr Asp Met Glu Val Glu 865 870 875 880 Asp Asp Ser Pro Ala Ser Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr 885 890 895 Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Ala Thr Thr Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val 900 905 910 Ala Ala Gly Asn His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly 915 920 925 Val Ser Pro Lys Val Cys Lys Asp Val Thr Val Glu Gly Ser Asn Glu 930 935 940 Phe Ala Pro Val Gln Asn Leu Thr Gly Ser Ser Val Gly Gln Lys Val 945 950 955 960 Thr Leu Lys Trp Asp Ala Pro Asn Gly Thr Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Asn 965 970 975 Pro Asn Pro Asn Pro Gly Thr Thr Leu Ser Glu Ser Phe Glu Asn Gly 980 985 990 Ile Pro Ala Ser Trp Lys Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly His Gly 995 1000 1005 Trp Lys Pro Gly Asn Ala Pro Gly Ile Ala Gly Tyr Asn Ser Asn Gly 1010 1015 1020 Cys Val Tyr Ser Glu Ser Phe Gly Leu Gly Gly Ile Gly Val Leu Thr 1025 1030 1035 1040 Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile Thr Pro Ala Leu Asp Leu Pro Asn Gly Gly 1045 1050 1055 Lys Leu Thr Phe Trp Val Cys Ala Gln Asp Ala Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu 1060 1065 1070 His Tyr Ala Val Tyr Ala Ser Ser Thr Gly Asn Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe 1075 1080 1085 Thr Asn Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu Thr Ile Thr Ala Lys Gly Val Arg Ser 1090 1095 1100 Pro Lys Ala Ile Arg Gly Arg Ile Gln Gly Thr Trp Arg Gln Lys Thr 1105 1110 1115 1120 Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Phe Gln 1125 1130 1135 Ser Thr Asp Met Phe Tyr Ile Asp Leu Asp Glu Val Glu Ile Lys Ala 1140 1145 1150 Asn Gly Lys Arg Ala Asp Phe Thr Glu Thr Phe Glu Ser Ser Thr His 1155 1160 1165 Gly Glu Ala Pro Ala Glu Trp Thr Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly 1170 1175 1180 Gln Gly Trp Leu Cys Leu Ser Ser Gly Gln Leu Asp Trp Leu Thr Ala 1185 1190 1195 1200 His Gly Gly Ser Asn Val Val Ser Ser Phe Ser Trp Asn Gly Met Ala 1205 1210 1215 Leu Asn Pro Asp Asn Tyr Leu Ile Ser Lys Asp Val Thr Gly Ala Thr 1220 1225 1230 Lys Val Lys Tyr Tyr Tyr Ala Val Asn Asp Gly Phe Pro Gly Asp His 1235 1240 1245 Tyr Ala Val Met Ile Ser Lys Thr Gly Thr Asn Ala Gly Asp Phe Thr 1250 1255 1260 Val Val Phe Glu Glu Thr Pro Asn Gly Ile Asn Lys Gly Gly Ala Arg 1265 1270 1275 1280 Phe Gly Leu Ser Thr Glu Ala Asn Gly Ala Lys Pro Gln Ser Val Trp 1285 1290 1295 Ile Glu Arg Thr Val Asp Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe 1300 1305 1310 Arg His Tyr Asn Cys Ser Asp Leu Asn Tyr Ile Leu Leu Asp Asp Ile 1315 1320 1325 Gln Phe Thr Met Gly Gly Ser Pro Thr Pro Thr Asp Tyr Thr Tyr Thr 1330 1335 1340 Val Tyr Arg Asp Gly Thr Lys Ile Lys Glu Gly Leu Thr Glu Thr Thr 1345 1350 1355 1360 Phe Glu Glu Asp Gly Val Ala Thr Gly Asn His Glu Tyr Cys Val Glu 1365 1370 1375 Val Lys Tyr Thr Ala Gly Val Ser Pro Lys Lys Cys Val Asp Val Thr 1380 1385 1390 Val Asn Ser Thr Gln Phe Asn Pro Val Gln Asn Leu Thr Ala Glu Gln 1395 1400 1405 Ala Pro Asn Ser Met Asp Ala Ile Leu Lys Trp Asn Ala Pro Ala Ser 1410 1415 1420 Lys Arg Ala Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asp Phe Glu Asn Gly Ile Pro Ala 1425 1430 1435 1440 Ser Trp Lys Thr Ile Asp Ala Asp Gly Asp Gly Asn Asn Trp Thr Thr 1445 1450 1455 Thr Pro Pro Pro Gly Gly Ser Ser Phe Ala Gly His Asn Ser Ala Ile 1460 1465 1470 Cys Val Ser Ser Ala Ser His Ile Asn Phe Glu Gly Pro Gln Asn Pro 1475 1480 1485 Asp Asn Tyr Leu Val Thr Pro Glu Leu Ser Leu Pro Gly Gly Gly Thr 1490 1495 1500 Leu Thr Phe Trp Val Cys Ala Gln Asp Ala Asn Tyr Ala Ser Glu His 1505 1510 1515 1520 Tyr Ala Val Tyr Ala Ser Ser Thr Gly Asn Asp Ala Ser Asn Phe Ala 1525 1530 1535 Asn Ala Leu Leu Glu Glu Val Leu Thr Ala Lys Thr Val Val Thr Ala 1540 1545 1550 Pro Glu Ala Ile Arg Gly Thr Arg Ala Gln Gly Thr Trp Tyr Gln Lys 1555 1560 1565 Thr Val Gln Leu Pro Ala Gly Thr Lys Tyr Val Ala Phe Arg His Phe 1570 1575 1580 Gly Cys Thr Asp Phe Phe Trp Ile Asn Leu Asp Asp Val Val Ile Thr 1585 1590 1595 1600 Ser Gly Asn Ala Pro Ser Tyr Thr Tyr Thr Ile Tyr Arg Asn Asn Thr 1605 1610 1615 Gln Ile Ala Ser Gly Val Thr Glu Thr Thr Tyr Arg Asp Pro Asp Leu 1620 1625 1630 Ala Thr Gly Phe Tyr Thr Tyr Gly Val Lys Val Val Tyr Pro Asn Gly 1635 1640 1645 Glu Ser Ala Ile Glu Thr Ala Thr Leu Asn Ile Thr

Ser Leu Ala Asp 1650 1655 1660 Val Thr Ala Gln Lys Pro Tyr Thr Leu Thr Val Val Gly Lys Thr Ile 1665 1670 1675 1680 Thr Val Thr Cys Gln Gly Glu Ala Met Ile Tyr Asp Met Asn Gly Arg 1685 1690 1695 Arg Leu Ala Ala Gly Arg Asn Thr Val Val Tyr Thr Ala Gln Gly Gly 1700 1705 1710 His Tyr Ala Val Met Val Val Val Asp Gly Lys Ser Tyr Val Glu Lys 1715 1720 1725 Leu Ala Val Lys 1730

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