| Desulfurization and novel compositions for same -> Monitor Keywords |
|
|
  Desulfurization and novel compositions for sameUSPTO Application #: 20070105714Title: Desulfurization and novel compositions for same Abstract: A composition comprising a metal oxide, a silica-containing material, a gallium-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and a promoter, wherein at least a portion of the promoter is present as a reduced-valence promoter and methods of preparing such composition are disclosed. The thus-obtained composition is employed in a desulfurization zone to remove sulfur from a hydrocarbon stream. (end of abstract) Agent: Conocophillips Company - I. P. Legal - Bartlesville, OK, US Inventors: Uday T. Turaga, Jason J. Gislason USPTO Applicaton #: 20070105714 - Class: 502258000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, Or Support Therefor: Product Or Process Of Making, Catalyst Or Precursor Therefor, Silicon Containing Or Process Of Making, With Metal, Metal Oxide, Or Metal Hydroxide, Of Group Viii (i.e., Iron Or Platinum Group) The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070105714. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
[0001] This invention relates to the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon streams. In another aspect, this invention relates to compositions suitable for use in the desulfurization of fluid streams of cracked gasolines and diesel fuels. A further aspect of this invention relates to processes for the production of compositions for use in the removal of sulfur bodies from fluid streams of cracked gasolines and diesel fuels. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The need for cleaner burning fuels has resulted in a continuing worldwide effort to reduce sulfur levels in hydrocarbon streams such as gasoline and diesel fuels. The reduction of sulfur in such hydrocarbon streams is considered to be a means for improving air quality because of the negative impact the sulfur has on performance of sulfur sensitive items such as automotive catalytic converters. The presence of oxides of sulfur in automotive engine exhaust inhibits and may irreversibly poison noble metal catalysts in the converter. Emissions from an inefficient or poisoned converter contain levels of non-combusted, non-methane hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide. Such emissions are catalyzed by sunlight to form ground level ozone, more commonly referred to as smog. [0003] Thermally processed gasolines such as, for example, thermally cracked gasoline, visbreaker gasoline, coker gasoline and catalytically cracked gasoline (hereinafter collectively referred to as "cracked gasoline") contains, in part, olefins, aromatics, sulfur, and sulfur containing compounds. Since most gasolines, such as, automobile gasolines, racing gasolines, aviation gasolines, boat gasolines, and the like contain a blend of, at least in part, cracked gasoline, reduction of sulfur in cracked gasoline will inherently serve to reduce the sulfur levels in most gasolines, such as, for example, automobile gasolines, racing gasolines, aviation gasolines, boat gasolines, and the like. [0004] The public discussion about gasoline sulfur has not centered on whether or not sulfur levels should be reduced. A consensus has emerged that lower sulfur gasoline reduces automotive emissions and improves air quality. Thus, the rules to date have focused on the required level of reduction, the geographical areas in need of lower sulfur gasoline, and the time frame for implementation. [0005] As the concern over the impact of automotive air pollution continues, it is clear that further effort to reduce the sulfur level in automotive fuels will be required. While the current gasoline products contain about 330 parts per million (ppm) sulfur, the US Environmental Protection Agency recently issued regulations requiring the average sulfur content in gasoline to be less than 30-ppm average with an 80-ppm cap. By 2008, the standards will effectively require every blend of gasoline sold in the United States to meet the 30-ppm level. [0006] In addition to the need to be able to produce low sulfur content automotive fuels, there is also a need for a process, which will have a minimal effect on the olefin content of such fuels so as to maintain the octane number (both research and motor octane number). Such a process would be desirable since saturation of olefins greatly affects the octane number. Such adverse effect on the olefin content is generally due to the severe conditions normally employed, such as during hydrodesulfurization, to remove thiophenic compounds (such as, for example, thiophenes, benzothiophenes, alkyl thiophenes, alkylbenzothiophenes, alkyl dibenzothiophenes and the like) which are some of the most difficult sulfur containing compounds to remove from cracked gasoline. In addition, there is a need to avoid a system wherein the conditions are such that the aromatic content of the cracked gasoline is lost through saturation. Thus, there is a need for a process, which achieves desulfurization and maintains the octane number. [0007] In addition to the need for removal of sulfur from cracked gasolines, there is a need for the petroleum industry to reduce the sulfur content in diesel fuels. In general, it is much harder to remove sulfur from diesel as compared to gasoline. In removing sulfur from diesel fuels by hydrodesulfurization, the cetane is improved but there is a large cost in hydrogen consumption. Such hydrogen is consumed by both hydrodesulfurization and aromatic hydrogenation reaction. [0008] Thus, there is a need for a desulfurization process without a significant consumption of hydrogen so as to provide a more economical process for the treatment of cracked gasolines and diesel fuels. [0009] As a result of the lack of success in providing a successful and economically feasible process for the reduction of sulfur levels in cracked gasolines and diesel fuels, it is apparent that there is a need for a better process for the desulfurization of such hydrocarbon streams which has minimal effect on octane levels while achieving high levels of sulfur removal. [0010] Traditionally, compositions used in processes for the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon streams have been agglomerates used in fixed bed applications. Because of the various process advantages of fluidized beds, hydrocarbon streams are sometimes processed in fluidized bed reactors. Fluidized bed reactors have advantages over fixed bed reactors, such as, for example, better heat transfer and better pressure drop. Fluidized bed reactors generally use reactants that are particulate. The size of these particulates is generally in the range of from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns. However, the reactants used generally do not have sufficient attrition resistance for all applications. Consequently, finding a composition with sufficient attrition resistance that removes sulfur from these hydrocarbon streams and that can be used in fluidized, transport, moving, or fixed bed reactors and producing that composition in an economical manner is desirable and would be a significant contribution to the art and to the economy. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0011] It is thus an object of the present invention is to provide novel compositions and novel methods for the production of compositions, which are usable in the desulfurization of hydrocarbon streams. [0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon streams, which minimizes the consumption of hydrogen and the saturation of olefins and aromatics contained in such streams. [0013] A still further object of the present invention is to provide more highly active compositions, which facilitate the removal of sulfur from cracked gasoline or diesel fuel. [0014] A still further object of the present invention is to provide a desulfurized cracked gasoline that contains less than about 100 ppm, preferably less than 50 ppm, of sulfur based on the weight of the desulfurized cracked gasoline, and which contains essentially the same amount of olefins and aromatics as are in the cracked gasoline from which such desulfurized cracked gasoline was made. Another further object is to provide a desulfurized diesel fuel. [0015] The first embodiment of this invention includes a novel composition comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of: [0016] (a) a metal oxide; [0017] (b) a silica-containing material; [0018] (c) a gallium-containing material; [0019] (d) an aluminum-containing material selected from the group consisting of alumina, aluminate, and combinations thereof; and [0020] (e) a promoter metal wherein at least a portion of said promoter metal is present as a reduced valence promoter. [0021] The second embodiment of this invention includes a novel method for the production of a composition comprising, consisting of, or consisting essentially of: [0022] (a) a step selected from the group consisting of: [0023] (1) incorporating a gallium-containing substance into or onto a first calcined mixture, said first calcined mixture comprising a liquid, a metal-containing compound, a silica-containing material, alumina, and a promoter, to form a first incorporated mixture; and [0024] (2) incorporating a gallium-containing substance in a promoter simultaneously into or onto a second calcined mixture comprising a liquid, a metal-containing compound, silica-containing material, and alumina, to form a second incorporated mixture; [0025] (b) drying said first incorporated mixture or said second incorporated mixture to form a dried incorporated mixture; [0026] (c) calcining said dried incorporated mixture to form a calcined incorporated mixture; [0027] (d) reducing said calcined incorporated mixture with a suitable reducing agent under suitable conditions to produce a composition having a reduced valence promoter content therein, and [0028] (e) recovering said composition. [0029] The third embodiment of this invention includes a process for the removal of sulfur from a hydrocarbon stream comprising: Continue reading... Full patent description for Desulfurization and novel compositions for same Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Desulfurization and novel compositions for same patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. Start now! - Receive info on patent apps like Desulfurization and novel compositions for same or other areas of interest. ### Previous Patent Application: Hydrogenation catalyst with improved textural properties Next Patent Application: Particulate matter oxidation catalyst and filter Industry Class: Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making ### FreshPatents.com Support Thank you for viewing the Desulfurization and novel compositions for same patent info. IP-related news and info Results in 5.18892 seconds Other interesting Feshpatents.com categories: Tyco , Unilever , Warner-lambert , 3m |
||
