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  Conjugated stretch yarn, gloves and stretch fabric with openwork patternUSPTO Application #: 20070243783Title: Conjugated stretch yarn, gloves and stretch fabric with openwork pattern Abstract: A composite elastic yarn includes a polyolefin-based elastic fiber and a polyolefin-based inelastic fiber. A cross-linked polyolefin-based elastic fiber, for example, is employed as the polyolefin-based elastic fiber, and a high molecular-weight polyethylene fiber having a weight average molecular weight of at least 10×105, for example, is employed as the polyolefin-based inelastic fiber. Such a composite elastic yarn is suitable for use as a glove material. The yarn may be used to produce a stretchable fabric with a watermark-like pattern including a cross-linked polyeolefin-based elastic fiber and an inelastic fiber, and having a watermark-like pattern produced by complete or incomplete removal of the inelastic fiber with partial burn-out printing. (end of abstract) Agent: Morrison & Foerster LLP - Mclean, VA, US Inventors: Tetsuo Kotani, Yoshihiro Matsui, Yuji Hamaguchi, Mitsuo Miyajima, Yoshinobu Ohie, Masumi Goto USPTO Applicaton #: 20070243783 - Class: 442306000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Fabric (woven, Knitted, Or Nonwoven Textile Or Cloth, Etc.), Knit Fabric (i.e., Knit Strand Or Strip Material), Including An Elastic Strand The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070243783. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This is a national stage application under 35 USC 371 of International Application No. PCT/JP2005/015712, filed Aug. 30, 2005, which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2004-256844 and 2004-343995, filed Sep. 3, 2004, and Nov. 29, 2004, respectively, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to a composite elastic yarn with excellent chemical resistance and lightfastness, suitable for application to objects where durability is required, such as swimsuits, underwear, outerwear, diaper covers, sanitary products, outdoor products like tents, and industrial materials. [0003] The present invention further relates to a cut-resistant glove which has excellent chemical resistance, lightfastness, and quick-drying properties, and is suitably used when handling iron plates with sharp edges or burrs; dealing with glass; engaging in dangerous work using knives, such as the processing of meat and cutting of large fish; and the like. [0004] The present invention also relates to a stretchable fabric with a watermark-like pattern having high stretchability, and a manufacturing method therefor. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0005] Composite elastic yarns are widely used in swimsuits, leotards, underwear, outerwear, diaper covers, stretchable parts of sanitary products, tent sheets and the like. Conventional composite elastic yarns are covered yarns wherein a general-purpose inelastic filament yarn, such as those made of polyester or polyamide, covers a polyurethane elastic core yarn. [0006] Although polyurethane elastic fibers have high stretchability, their chemical resistance and weatherability are significantly inferior compared with general-purpose yarns. For this reason, sufficient durability cannot be achieved when polyurethane elastic fibers are used in garments which are to be subjected to industrial cleaning involving chlorine sterilization; in swimming suits; and in materials which are exposed outdoors, such as car sheets. In order to improve chemical resistance and weather resistance of polyurethane elastic yarns, attempts at adding various additive agents thereto have been made. However, the nature of polyurethane elastic yarns remains substantially unchanged, and such polyurethane elastic yarns cannot be used especially under severe conditions (see, for example, patent document 1 and patent document 2). [0007] Polyester fibers and polyamide fibers, which are used as inelastic fibers in composite elastic yarns, have chemical resistance and weatherability superior to those of polyurethane elastic fibers. However, these fibers are inappropriate for use as a material that is exposed to harsh environments, such as prolonged outdoor exposure or industrial cleaning with chlorine or other chemicals, because they hydrolyze and/or turn yellow under such conditions. [0008] An example of a suitable application for composite elastic yarns is use as a glove material. Excellent cut resistance is required in gloves which are used when handling iron plates with sharp edges or burrs; dealing with glass; and engaging in dangerous work using edged tools such as knives, including the processing of meat and cutting of large fish. Known cut-resistant gloves are those made from yarns of aramid fibers, metal fibers, glass fibers, and the like. However, the use of gloves made of metal fiber yarns is limited due to the poor flexibility of metal fiber yarns and resulting difficulties in knitting, and also due to the electrically conductive nature thereof. Glass fibers may break in a glove, and the broken ends of the fibers occasionally project from the inner surface of the glove and stick into the hand. Aramid fibers are prone to lose their strength by contact with strong acid or strong alkali, and further, if exposed to natural light, the fibers are discolored and/or their abrasion resistance is decreased. [0009] High-tenacity polyethylene fibers are also employed as cut-resistant glove materials. Although high-tenacity polyethylene fibers do not exhibit the above-described defects, because these fibers are poor in stretchability, the stretchability of the knitted fabric of a glove obtained therefrom is imparted only by its knitting structure. Stretchability of the glove is thus occasionally insufficient for some uses; the glove cannot be easily put on or taken off, and also, the adherence thereof to the skin may be inadequate. [0010] Composite yeans comprising a polyurethane elastic yarn as a core yarn have been developed in an attempt to improve the stretchability of high-tenacity polyethylene fibers. However, as mentioned above, the chemical resistance and weatherability of polyurethane elastic yarns are far worse than those of general-purpose yarns. When a glove is made thin and light using such a high-tenacity polyethylene fiber so as to enhance wearing comfort, the exposure of the core yarn, composed of a polyurethane elastic fiber, becomes great. As a result, the adverse characteristics of polyurethane elastic fibers as described above significantly degrade the physical properties of the glove. [0011] Quick-drying properties are required in gloves for use in activities using water and in outdoor leisure activities, because wet gloves give a strong feeling of discomfort to the wearer and also undermine workability. However, conventional gloves do not possess a quick-drying nature. [0012] As described above, a cut-resistant glove which provides a comfortable fit and has excellent chemical resistance, weatherability, and quick-drying properties has not yet been achieved. [0013] In recent years, there has been a high demand for designs on underwear, swimsuits and the like, and it has been accordingly desired to apply burn-out printing to stretchable fabrics from which these products are made. [0014] A well-known example of a burn-out printing method is opal finishing. Opal finishing is a method wherein a fabric is first obtained as a union fabric or union knit containing an acid-resistant fiber, such as silk fibers, polyamid-based fibers and polyester-based fibers, and a vegetable fiber which is easily carbonized by acid, such as cotton fibers and rayon fibers. The obtained fabric is then printed with a carbonizing paste made of sulfuric acid, aluminium sulfate or the like, and the vegetable fiber at the printed portion is then carbonized and accordingly removed, thereby forming a watermark-like pattern. According to one conventional technique of this method, for example, an union fabric or union knit is made by weaving or knitting a polyester-based fiber having relatively high acid resistance with a cellulose fiber having poor acid resistance, the fabric or knit thus obtained is processed with acid, and the cellulose fiber is thereby burnt out, resulting in the formation of a watermark-like design on the fabric (patent document 3). Another opal finishing method is known for giving a watermark-like pattern to a fabric made of different kinds of polyester fibers having different degrees of alkali solubility (patent document 4). [0015] As mentioned above, as materials for stretchable fabrics, covered yarns are widely used which are obtained by covering a polyurethane elastic core yarn with a general-purpose inelastic filament yarn made of polyester, polyamide or the like. However, watermark-like pattern formation by opal finishing is not possible on such a fabric because, as with the above-described general-purpose inelastic filament yarns, polyurethane elastic fibers have poor acid resistance. Moreover, polyurethane fibers easily turn yellow and thus are not suitable as materials for fabrics on which to form a watermark-like pattern. [0016] [Patent document 1] JP 2001-081632 A [0017] [Patent document 2] JP 1994-081215 A [0018] [Patent document 3] JP 2002-61070 A [0019] [Patent document 4] JP 1993-263375 A SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0020] The present invention aims to solve the above-described problems. The first object of the invention is to provide a composite elastic yarn with excellent chemical resistance and weather resistance. [0021] The second object of the invention is to provide a cut-resistant glove with high resistance to chemicals and weathering. [0022] The third object of the invention is to provide a stretchable fabric with a watermark-like pattern, and a manufacturing method therefor. [Means for Solving the Problem] [0023] (i) When an elastic fiber and an inelastic fiber in a composite elastic yarn are both polyolefin-based fibers, such a composite elastic yarn is highly resistant to chemicals and weathering. A cross-linked polyolefin-based fiber is preferably employed as such an elastic fiber. 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