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Close fit cylinder and plungerRelated Patent Categories: Pumps, Three Or More Cylinders Arranged In Parallel, Radial, Or Conical Relationship With Rotary Transmission AxisClose fit cylinder and plunger description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070009367, Close fit cylinder and plunger. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
BACKGROUND [0001] The present invention relates to a cylinder/plunger arrangement for a high-pressure pump. More particularly, the invention relates to a cylinder/plunger arrangement for a high-pressure pump that reduces leakage without the use of additional mechanical seals. [0002] Pumps are commonly used to move fluids from one place to another and to pressurize fluids for storage or use. Many different types of pumps are suited to pumping fluids, including reciprocating plunger pumps that employ one or more plungers that reciprocate within a bore or cylinder to move or pressurize the working fluid. [0003] In some applications, pumps capable of delivering high-pressure fluid are required. For example, water-jet cutting may require fluid that is pressurized to a working pressure in excess of 10,000 pounds per square inch. The high-pressure water flows through a nozzle to cut a workpiece, such as a sheet of steel. These pumps are susceptible to large internal leakage and inefficiency due to the high working pressure of the fluid. In addition, leakage of the working fluid can cause erosion of the pump components that further reduces the pump efficiency, and increases operational costs due to the additional maintenance and down time. SUMMARY [0004] The invention provides a pump including a cylinder housing having a through bore. A cylinder liner is disposed substantially within the through bore and includes a substantially uniform aperture having a first diameter. A plunger includes an engagement portion having a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter. The first diameter and the second diameter are sized to define a first diametrical clearance that is less than about 0.1 percent of the second diameter. [0005] The invention further provides a pump that includes a cylinder housing that has a through bore. A cylinder liner is disposed substantially within the through bore and includes a substantially uniform aperture that has a first diameter. A plunger includes an engagement portion that has a second diameter and a clearance portion that has a third diameter. The first diameter and the second diameter are sized to define a first diametrical clearance and the first diameter and the third diameter are sized to define a second diametrical clearance that is between about 5 and 20 times the first diametrical clearance. [0006] The invention also provides a pump that includes a plurality of pumping elements. Each pumping element includes a cylinder housing that has a through bore. Each pumping element also includes a cylinder liner disposed substantially within the through bore and including a substantially uniform aperture having a first diameter. The pumping elements also include a plunger that has a drive end, an engagement portion opposite the drive end that has a second diameter, and a clearance portion between the drive end and the engagement portion that has a third diameter. The first diameter and the second diameter are sized to define a first diametrical clearance and the first diameter and the third diameter are sized to define a second diametrical clearance that is between about 5 and 20 times the first diametrical clearance. The pump also includes a drive member coupled to each drive end and operable to move each plunger in a reciprocating fashion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0007] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pump including a drive end and a pressure end; [0008] FIG. 2 is a section view of the pump of FIG. 1 taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1; [0009] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a pressure end of the pump of FIG. 1; [0010] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another pressure end of a pump; [0011] FIG. 5 is section view of the pressure end of FIG. 3 taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3; [0012] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a pumping unit of the pressure end of FIG. 3; [0013] FIG. 7 is a section view of the pumping unit of FIG. 6 taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6; and [0014] FIG. 8 is an exaggerated enlarged view of a portion of the pumping unit of FIG. 6 taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0015] Before any embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the following drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of "including," "comprising," or "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Unless specified or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "supported," and "coupled" and variations thereof are used broadly and encompass both direct and indirect mountings, connections, supports, and couplings. Further, "connected" and "coupled" are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections or couplings. [0016] FIG. 1 illustrates a pump 10 that is suited to delivering a high-pressure fluid (e.g., water, oil, etc.) for use in one or more applications. The particular pump 10 illustrated is capable of delivering fluid at a pressure of at least about 10,000 pounds per square inch (psi) (70 MPa) with pressures in excess of 50,000 psi (350 MPa) being common. Pumps 10 of this type are well suited to applications such as water jet cutters that require high-pressure water be delivered to a nozzle. [0017] The pump 10 includes a drive portion 15 and a pressure portion 20 attached to the drive portion 15. The pressure portion 20 includes a pressure plate 25 and five pumping units 30 connected to the pressure plate 25 and extending above the pressure plate 25. Of course, other constructions may include more or fewer pumping units 30 as desired. For example, FIG. 4 illustrates a pressure portion 20a that includes only three pumping units 30. The pressure portion 20a of FIG. 4 is capable of reaching the same pressure levels as the pressure portion 20 of FIG. 1. However, the volumetric output of a pump 10 with only three pumping units 30 is generally lower than the volumetric output of the pump 10 with five pumping units 30. Thus, the number of pumping units 30 can be varied to achieve the desired flow rate of pressurized fluid for the particular application. [0018] As shown in FIG. 2, the drive portion 15 includes a drive shaft 35 that extends from the lower end of the drive portion 15 to allow for its connection to a drive member, such as but not limited to an electric motor, a transmission, a sprocket, a pulley, a gear, or another drive mechanism. The drive shaft 35 is supported for rotation by two tapered roller bearings 40 that are positioned within a drive housing 45 and one bearing 50 positioned within the pressure plate 25. The bearings 40 positioned in the drive housing 45 are arranged to carry a thrust load in either direction, thus eliminating the need for a thrust bearing. Of course, other types of bearings and support arrangements can be employed if desired. [0019] The drive shaft 35 supports a swash plate 55 (sometimes referred to as a wobble plate) near the end of the drive shaft 35 opposite the end extending from the pump 10. The swash plate 55 includes an engagement surface 60 that is skewed relative to a drive axis 65 of the drive shaft 35. Thus, as the drive shaft 35 rotates, a high point 70 and a low point 75 defined by the engagement surface 60 rotate about the drive axis 65. [0020] Other constructions may employ other arrangements for the drive portion 15. For example, one construction employs a crankshaft rather than a swash plate 55. The crankshaft includes one or more throw portions that convert the rotation of the crankshaft into a reciprocating motion that is similar to that achieved using a swash plate 55. Thus, the invention should not be limited to the particular drive portion 15 illustrated herein. Continue reading about Close fit cylinder and plunger... Full patent description for Close fit cylinder and plunger Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Close fit cylinder and plunger patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. 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