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  Candle and method of making sameUSPTO Application #: 20070048684Title: Candle and method of making same Abstract: A candle including regions made up of fuels which produce differing flame heights and/or flame levels when burned, and a method of making such a candle, are disclosed. (end of abstract) Agent: Marshall, Gerstein & Borun LLP - Chicago, IL, US Inventors: David Cole, Bradley Barbera USPTO Applicaton #: 20070048684 - Class: 431291000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Combustion, Candle, E.g., Taper, Etc., Having Structure Additional To Wax And Wick, Fuel Body Totally Within Casing, E.g., Vigil Light, Etc. The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070048684. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
BACKGROUND [0001] 1. Field of the Disclosure [0002] The disclosure relates generally to candles. More particularly, the disclosure relates to candles engineered for particular burn characteristics, having candle regions made of differing materials. [0003] 2. Brief Description of Related Technology [0004] The Uniform Fire Code "tissue test" examines whether a candle product will cause a hole to develop in a single ply tissue or ignite the tissue when placed over a lit candle product for ten seconds. (See, e.g., Uniform Fire Code, 1997 Edition, published by the International Fire Code Institute, Section 1109--"Control of Sources of Ignition", subsection 1109.8.2, paragraph 5.2.) The candle is tested in conditions of intended use, with any accessories in place (e.g., anything that a candle is intended to be burned in or on, such as a jar and a globe). [0005] For a candle product to pass the tissue test, the flame height must be of small enough size, or disposed at a distance sufficiently low enough to not cause ignition of the tissue. In general, maintaining flame distances far enough from the tissue has required the wax level to be placed relatively low in a container, resulting in decreased burn time per container volume. However, because flame height is also related to overall flame size and heat output from combustion, reducing flame size can also cause the reduction of percentage of consumption of the product and/or burn time, due to a smaller effective wax pool. To achieve a suitable percentage of consumption, a sufficiently large wax pool diameter must be created, which is typically addressed through increased flame size or lower melt point of fuel. However, having a wax with too low of a melt point can cause stability failure. SUMMARY [0006] One aspect of the disclosure provides a candle including a candle body including a top region and a bottom region and a wick disposed in the candle passing through the regions such that the candle, when lit, provides an overall flame level lower, with respect to the base of the candle, than the flame level which would result from the same candle without the top region. [0007] Another aspect of the disclosure provides a candle including a candle body including first, second, and third regions and a wick disposed in the candle passing through the first, second, and third regions, wherein at least two of the regions have differing burn characteristics. [0008] Still another aspect of the disclosure provides a method of making a candle including the steps of providing a body of first fuel disposed in a non-flammable container and having a wick disposed therein, a portion of the wick exposed at a top end of the body and the container; forming a layer of second fuel over the top end of the body; and selecting the second fuel to provide a flame height-shorter than the flame height provided by the first solid wax fuel when burned under identical conditions. [0009] Further aspects and advantages will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a review of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings. While the candle and method are susceptible of embodiments in various forms, the description hereafter includes specific embodiments with the understanding that the disclosure is illustrative, and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0010] For further facilitating the understanding of the present invention, four drawing figures are appended hereto, wherein: [0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-section of a "Venetian"-style candle having two regions of two different fuels. [0012] FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-section of an hourglass-shaped candle having three fuel regions. [0013] FIG. 3 illustrates a cross-section of another Venetian-style candle having three fuel regions. [0014] FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-section of a conical or pyramidal free-standing candle having four fuel regions of four different fuels. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0015] The candle includes regions having differing burn characteristics. The candle and method are contemplated to include embodiments including any combination of one or more of the additional optional elements, features, and steps further described below (including those shown in the figures), unless stated otherwise. [0016] The various regions of the candle preferably are disposed generally one above the other, with respect to a wick running through them. [0017] In a solid candle, flame temperature and size (e.g., approximated by height) affect the size of the resulting wax pool when the candle fuel is burned. Accordingly, the selection of fuel can be made with respect to the cross-sectional area (e.g., in cross section with respect to a wick disposed down the center) of the candle to provide a wax pool of a desired size. For example, in a candle having one region that has a smaller cross-sectional area than another region (e.g., average cross-sectional areas), a fuel providing a relatively small flame can be used in the region of smaller cross-sectional area. The control of the flame size and resulting wax pool can be used in a free-standing candle to improve stability, for example. In a candle in a container (such as a glass jar candle), the control over flame size can be used to ensure clean sidewalls in a container of varying cross-section, for example. [0018] The burn characteristics of the various fuel regions can also be selected to meet safety goals. For example, a fuel providing a relatively small flame can be used in a region of relatively small cross-sectional area when the candle includes a container (e.g., a glass jar), to maintain the temperature of the container side walls below a desired limit. [0019] As another example, a fuel providing a relatively small flame, especially a short flame, can be used in a top region of a candle disposed in a container, such that items placed over the container will be less subject to burn from the flame (e.g., to pass the U.F.C. tissue test). As the top region fuel burns off and the wax pool becomes increasingly higher in concentration of the fuel from the region below, a fuel providing a larger flame can be used in the lower region because the base of the flame will have been moved down by an amount at least approximately equivalent to the thickness of the first region, and often more due to blending (e.g., diffusion and dilution) of fuels as the melted wax pool begins to intersect the lower fuel region. [0020] According to one configuration, the candle includes a first fuel which produces a flame of a first height when burned forming a first fuel region, and a second, different fuel which produces a flame of a second, different height when burned forming a second fuel region. The first fuel region can be equal in size (e.g., thickness or overall size; weight can be used to approximate size) to the second fuel region, or one can be larger than another. For example, the first fuel region can make up less than 50% of the candle, based on the total weight of the candle, and preferably 5 wt. % to 10 wt. %, e.g., 7 wt. %, especially when the first fuel produces a flame height shorter than the second fuel and the first fuel region is disposed above the second fuel region. A variation on such a candle, wherein the first fuel produces a flame height shorter than the second fuel and the first fuel region is disposed above the second fuel region, can be useful in improving the safety of a candle with respect to avoiding heating, burning, or igniting items above the candle. Continue reading... Full patent description for Candle and method of making same Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Candle and method of making same patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. 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