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Ballistic performance enhancement of fiber structureRelated Patent Categories: Stock Material Or Miscellaneous Articles, Coated Or Structually Defined Flake, Particle, Cell, Strand, Strand Portion, Rod, Filament, Macroscopic Fiber Or Mass ThereofBallistic performance enhancement of fiber structure description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20050282007, Ballistic performance enhancement of fiber structure. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention is related to a fiber structure impregnated with a low glass transition temperature viscous liquid polymer fluid, and to articles made there from. Certain low glass transition viscous polymer fluids impregnated into fiber structures, such as apolyaramid fabric, essentially act as a friction modifier with the result that, because of the moderate molecular weight and moderate adhesive strength of the polymer fluid, an optimal ballistic resistance and protection against blunt trauma is found in an article such as body armor. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] U.S. Pat. No. 3,649,426 and Lee, Y. S. et al (N.J. Advanced Body Armor Utilizing Shear Thickening Fluids, 23.sup.rd Army Science Conference, 2002) consider shear thickening suspensions of particles in conjunction with ballistic fibers. [0003] WO 00/46303 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,649,426 describe polyaramid fabrics with liquids in pouches or in back of polyaramide panels. [0004] U.S. Pat. No. 5,776,839 applied dilatant powders, with a typical composition consisting of carbon black, fumed silica (nano-silica) and a small amount of "glue", to ballistic fibers and fabrics. [0005] U.S. Pat. No. 5,229,199 considered rigid composites of woven aramid fabrics coated with an adhesion modifier and imbedded in a matrix resin. The reduced friction and weakened interfaces led to improved ballistic performance. If friction is too high in a fabric, or if the matrix is too stiff, ballistic resistance is severely compromised. [0006] U.S. Pat. No. 5,354,605 used low Tg, high molecular weight elastomers as adhesive matrix materials for fiber layers. These provided flexibility in unidirectional ballistic layers. [0007] U.S. Pat. No. 5,854,143 describes material for antiballistic protective clothing comprising, in a single-layer or multi-layer package or laminate, at least one layer of a flat structure containing an organic dilatancy agent. [0008] Although many flexible body armor constructions adequately stop ballistic projectiles, blunt trauma can still cause substantial injury or death at a given basis weight of the fabric in an article such as a vest. Reducing the large level of blunt trauma can be accomplished by dissipating and spreading out the energy of impact. The goal is to improve resistance to blunt trauma in flexible body armor, while retaining the high ballistic resistance of systems such as polyaramid fabric. Comfort and weight of ballistic vests are critical properties affected by this technology [0009] Previous work has attempted to implement stiffer layers near the body to reduce blunt trauma, but this is known to significantly compromise ballistic resistance to penetration, and to add to the weight of the body armor while reducing comfort. [0010] In contrast, the present invention uses a fiber structure, such as one or more layers of polyaramide fabric, impregnated with certain low glass transition temperature viscous polymer fluids. Excellent ballastic resistance is preserved while blunt trauma resistance is improved. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0011] The present invention is an article comprising one or more layers of a high performance fiber structure impregnated with about 1 to 14 percent by weight of a viscous polymer fluid with a glass transition temperature between 10 and -60 C. [0012] In another embodiment of the present invention, the article comprises poly (vinyl propionate). [0013] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the article comprises poly (hexyl methacrylate). [0014] In a further embodiment, the article comprises poly (isopropyl acrylate) [0015] In a yet further embodiment, the article comprises poly (acrylonitrile-butadiene). [0016] In a still further embodiment, the article comprises ethylene/methyl acrylate (38/62)(8%) copolymer. [0017] In a further embodiment, the article is body armor. [0018] A further embodiment of this invention is a fiber structure comprising a fiber and about 1 to about 15 wt % of a polymer that has a Tg in the range of -60 to about 10.degree. C. [0019] A further embodiment of this invention is a fiber structure as described above in the form of a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a uniweave structure, a unidirectional sheet, a multi-directional sheet, a non-woven layer, or a single fiber. [0020] A further embodiment of this invention is an article comprising one or more layers of the fiber structure described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Continue reading about Ballistic performance enhancement of fiber structure... 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