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  Apparatus for encrypting/decrypting real-time input streamUSPTO Application #: 20080101599Title: Apparatus for encrypting/decrypting real-time input stream Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream. The present invention includes a control unit, a key schedule unit, and a block round unit. Accordingly, the present invention realizes the encryption and decryption of AES algorithm in a manner of hardware, thereby enabling to carry out the encryption and decryption of the real-time input stream real-timely. And, the present invention finds the key for encryption or decryption of one block every round when realizing the encryption and decryption of the AES algorithm in a hardware manner, and then outputs the found keys to the block round unit. The present invention reduces the size of the key register required for the encryption/decryption of block data, thereby enabling to reduce a size of hardware as well as cost of product. (end of abstract) Agent: Lee, Hong, Degerman, Kang & Schmadeka - Los Angeles, CA, US Inventor: Yoon Seok Yang USPTO Applicaton #: 20080101599 - Class: 380044000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Cryptography, Key Management, Having Particular Key Generator The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20080101599. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED ART [0001] This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 2001-2644, filed on Jan. 17, 2001, which is hereby incorporated by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates to an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream using AES (Advanced Encryption Standards) algorithm. [0004] 2. Background of the Related Art [0005] As importance of pay information and privacy protection increases, so does that of encryption/decryption apparatuses. Specifically, the next generation encryption standards have been newly proposed so as to replace the DES (Data Encryption Standards) which has been the U.S. encryption standard. [0006] NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) has evaluated 15 algorithms as AES candidate technologies for years, and has narrowed the candidates to 5 and has finally selected the Rijndael algorithm as the next generation encryption standards through a close investigation and set about details. NIST is going to open/examine/modify the Rijndael algorithm for a while so as to confirm it as the AES. The confirmed proposal will be selected as FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standards). [0007] The AES as a block encryption algorithm (which carries out the encryption by gathering streams by block unit) replaces the previous encryption standards, DES, and will be used for protecting information of U.S. government and people. Allowance of exporting encryption devices by U.S. government will make the AES as encryption standards prevail throughout the world. DES selected as encryption standards by U.S. government in 1976 uses 56-bits encryption system, while AES uses three systems of 128, 192, and 256 bits so as to strengthen the encryption with such excellent advantages as performance, efficiency, flexibility, and easy embodiment. [0008] Yet, the AES algorithm introduced by software fails to carry out encryption/decryption for a real-time input stream. Namely, for real-time operation, a block round should fulfill the calculation of all rounds before the next block data are transferred. However, the block round in the AES algorithm constructed with software fails to fulfill such operation. Thus, when consecutive data streams are inputted, the block round with software is unable to secure a time to perform a processing on data by preparing one block, thereby failing to carry out the real-time processing on the consecutive data streams. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0009] Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. [0010] An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream enabling to encrypt and decrypt a real-time inputted stream real-timely by constructing Rijndael algorithm selected as AES algorithm with hardware. [0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream enabling to carry out encryption and decryption with a simple hardware structure by sharing a block used in common when realizing hardware of Rijndael algorithm. [0012] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. [0013] To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, an apparatus for encrypting/decrypting a real-time input stream according to the present invention includes a control unit receiving a real-time stream of byte units, converting the real-time stream into block data, and outputting the block data for encryption or decryption, the control unit receiving encrypted or decrypted block data, converting the received encrypted or decrypted block data into byte units, and outputting the converted block data of the byte units, a key schedule unit carrying out a key schedule every round in accordance with a size and a key value of a block inputted from outside so as to output a key value for the encryption or decryption each round, and a block round unit receiving the converted data of block units from the control unit, receiving the key value from the key schedule unit so as to carry out the encryption or decryption, and outputting the encrypted or decrypted result to the control unit. [0014] Preferably, the control unit comprises an input buffer storing the real-time stream of byte units inputted from the outside and converting the received real-time stream into the block data having the size inputted from the outside so as to output the converted block data to the block round unit and an output buffer receiving the block data encrypted or decrypted in the block round unit and converting the received block data into the byte units so as to output the converted data. [0015] More preferably, the block round unit completes all round calculation of data having been currently encrypted or decrypted before a next block data is inputted from the control unit and then stores the corresponding result in the output buffer of the control unit. [0016] Preferably, the key schedule unit carries out every round the key schedule on a key required for the block round unit to process each round so as to output the key scheduled result to the block round unit. [0017] More preferably, the key schedule unit includes a key expansion unit expanding the inputted key value into a size amounting to {block size*(count of rounds+1)} and a key selection unit selecting a 128 bits key required for each round from the expanded key value so as to output the selected key to the block round unit. [0018] Preferably, the key schedule unit expands the inputted key value into a size of {block size*(count of rounds+1)} and then carries out a step of selecting the 128 bits key required for each round using one key register. [0019] More preferably, the key schedule unit comprises the key register amounting to the key value required substantially for one round. [0020] More preferably, the key register has a capacity amounting to {(size of an inputted block)*(size of one round)}. [0021] Preferably, the control unit generates a control signal to produce the key value every round and then outputs the control signal to the key schedule unit. Continue reading... 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