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  Apparatus for creating a navigation mapUSPTO Application #: 20080114540Title: Apparatus for creating a navigation map Abstract: To display a navigation map for a navigation device more accurately and realistically and with less memory capacity, roads, railroad lines, rivers, lakes, and similar cartographic parameters are composed not of straight lines but of Cornu spirals. A Cornu spiral is defined by its curvature and its length. (end of abstract) Agent: Patrick J. O'shea, Esq. Samuels, Gauthier & Stevens, LLP - Boston, MA, US Inventor: Philipp Harald Nagel USPTO Applicaton #: 20080114540 - Class: 701208000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, And Relative Location, Navigation, Employing Position Determining Equipment, For Use In A Map Data Base System The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20080114540. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
PRIORITY INFORMATION [0001] This application is a continuation of co-pending Ser. No. 10/037,303 filed Nov. 7, 2001. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to the field of navigation systems, and in particular to a vehicle navigation system that stores map data using Cornu spiral data. [0003] Conventional navigation systems typically represent roads and rivers to be displayed on a navigation system display unit as straight lines. However, this type of simplified cartographic reproduction has a number of disadvantages. For example, roads and rivers are not straight lines. As a result, a navigation map displayed on the navigation system display unit does not accurately represent the features of roads and rivers. In an attempt to more accurately represent roads and rivers, the number of straight line segments used to define the roads and rivers can be increased. However, this leads to a large increase in the amount of data that must be stored to accurately represent features such as roads, rivers and railroad lines. [0004] Therefore, there is a need for a navigation system that accurately models and displays information indicative of features such as for example roads and rivers without requiring large amounts of memory. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] Briefly, according to an aspect of the present invention, a vehicle navigation system includes navigation map data memory comprising map data composed of Cornu spirals indicative of cartographic features such as roads, railroad lines, rivers and lakes. [0006] Rather than representing roads, railroad lines, rivers, and similar cartographic parameters by a sequence of straight lines, the present invention specifies that these cartographic parameters are provided as Cornu spirals. [0007] In one embodiment, a vehicle navigation system that receives sensor data from a plurality of sensors, and provides a map image that is presented on a display, includes a navigation map data memory that includes map data indicative of roadways stored in Cornu spiral form. The system also includes a navigation processing unit that receives the sensor data, and requests map data from the navigation map data memory associated with the sensor data, and computes the map image from the map data. [0008] Advantageously, the amount of memory required to store the parameters of the navigation map is reduced, while the accuracy of the navigation map is increased. [0009] These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING [0010] FIG. 1 is a pictorial illustration of a road in Cornu spiral representation; [0011] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustration of a vehicle navigation system comprising a navigation map memory device that includes map data stored as Cornu spiral representations; [0012] FIG. 3 is a pictorial illustration of the same road illustrated in FIG. 1, but represented by the prior art technique of straight line segments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0013] FIG. 1 is a pictorial illustration of a road 10 in Cornu spiral representation. A Cornu spiral is defined as a curve whose curvature is proportional to its arc length. A Cornu spiral can be calculated by the following formula: l=Ka.sup.2 EQ. 1 where l represents the arc length and K the curvature. In parameter form, the equations of a Cornu spiral can be expressed as coordinates as follows: x = a .times. .pi. .times. .intg. .tau. = 0 t .times. cos .function. ( .pi. 2 .times. .tau. 2 ) .times. d .tau. EQ . .times. 2 y = a .times. .pi. .times. .intg. .tau. = 0 t .times. sin .function. ( .pi. 2 .times. .tau. 2 ) .times. d .tau. .times. .times. with .times. .times. t = l a .times. .pi. EQ . .times. 3 Since these integrals cannot easily be solved, an embodiment of the invention makes use of a Taylor series development, which can be expressed as follows: X k .function. ( t ) = a .times. .pi. .times. ( 1 0 ! .times. .pi. 0 2 0 .times. 1 1 .times. t 1 - 1 2 ! .times. .pi. 2 2 2 .times. 1 5 .times. t 5 + 1 4 ! .times. .pi. 4 2 4 .times. 1 9 .times. t 9 - 1 6 ! .times. .pi. 6 2 6 .times. 1 13 .times. t 13 + .times. ) .times. .times. and EQ . .times. 4 Y k .function. ( t ) = a .times. .pi. .times. ( 1 1 ! .times. .pi. 1 2 1 .times. 1 3 .times. t 3 - 1 3 ! .times. .pi. 3 2 3 .times. 1 7 .times. t 7 + 1 5 ! .times. .pi. 5 2 5 .times. 1 11 .times. t 11 - 1 7 ! .times. .pi. 7 2 7 .times. 1 15 .times. t 15 + .times. ) EQ . .times. 5 The series is truncated after a given term, so that a polynomial remains. The terms of the polynomials are preferably stored in a table. [0014] Since all Cornu spirals are similar, there exists a unit Cornu spiral with parameter value a that is equal to one (i.e., a=1). In a preferred embodiment, the terms of the polynomials of the unit Cornu spiral are stored in a table and the actual Cornu spirals are calculated from these values. The coordinates of the unit Cornu spiral are stored in a table and the actual Cornu spirals are calculated from these values. [0015] Compared to the conventional representation of roads by sequential straight lines, the present inventive provides a number of advantages. For example, the accuracy of the image is substantially increased, because an exact position exists not only at the points where two straight lines join, but rather over the course of the curve. The reproduction of roads, rivers, and the like is much more realistic. In addition, the representation of the indicated cartographic parameters by Cornu spirals requires fewer parameters than the prior art technique of using sequential straight lines. This saves considerable storage space in a navigation device that creates the inventive navigation map. [0016] Because a navigation map with a Cornu spiral representation reproduces the actual pattern of roads and the like much more accurately than a representation with sequential straight lines, locations can be determined much better. Thus, for example, the route of a traveled road, measured by sensors, can be recovered more easily in a navigation map with a Cornu spiral representation, because the parameters can be calculated over the entire course of the curve. [0017] A navigation map in Cornu spiral representation is suited both for navigation and for display. Consequently, a navigation device that creates the inventive navigation map no longer needs two navigation maps, as is the case in prior art systems. That is, in the prior art one of these two navigation maps is used for navigation, while the other is used for display. [0018] Predictive route data describe the future route, for example for the next one to two kilometers. With a representation by Cornu spirals, predictive route data, for example, can be taken directly from the navigation map and are not required to be calculated online, which saves computing time. [0019] In Germany, and also in other countries where geography permits, roads are constructed as Cornu spirals for the sake of higher traffic safety. As a result, the inventive representation of Cornu spirals is thus especially realistic. The quality of this representation approaches that of an aerial photograph. Continue reading... Full patent description for Apparatus for creating a navigation map Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims Click on the above for other options relating to this Apparatus for creating a navigation map patent application. ###  How KEYWORD MONITOR works... a FREE service from FreshPatents1. Sign up (takes 30 seconds). 2. Fill in the keywords to be monitored. 3. Each week you receive an email with patent applications related to your keywords. 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