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  Additives for minimizing injector fouling and valve deposits and their usesUSPTO Application #: 20070245621Title: Additives for minimizing injector fouling and valve deposits and their uses Abstract: This invention relates to compositions for use in minimizing injector fouling, such as in fuel injectors, and preventing deposits in valves, such as intake valves, comprising (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that comprises a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. (end of abstract) Agent: Sterne, Kessler, Goldstein & Fox, P.l.l.c. - Washington, DC, US Inventors: Dennis J. Malfer, Lawrence J. Cunningham, Scott D. Schwab USPTO Applicaton #: 20070245621 - Class: 044415000 (USPTO) Related Patent Categories: Fuel And Related Compositions, Liquid Fuels (excluding Fuels That Are Exclusively Mixtures Of Liquid Hydrocarbons), Organic Nitrogen Compound Containing, Compound Of Indeterminate Structure Prepared By Reacting A Phenol, An Aldehyde, And Ammonia Or Substituted Ammonia The Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20070245621. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] This invention relates to compositions for use in minimizing injector fouling, such as in fuel injectors, and preventing deposits in valves, such as intake valves, comprising (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a particular succinimide. [0003] 2. Background Art [0004] The use of conventional fuels without detergent and corrosion-inhibiting additives promotes the accumulation of deposits in the induction system, in particular at the injectors, which become fouled, or even in the combustion chamber, resulting from the presence of polar aromatic compounds and traces of lubricants. [0005] The accumulation of deposits has a detrimental effect on the quality of evaporation of the fuel, which causes an increase in consumption, an increase in the emission of pollutants and of smoke, which is significantly greater during acceleration, and, finally, an increase in noise. [0006] To overcome this problem of fouling of the engine, it is possible to periodically clean the fouled components and particularly the injectors. However, in the long run, this method becomes very expensive. [0007] Another method for reducing fouling by deposits in engines, including the injectors, is to utilize detergents that are capable of being absorbed on the metal surfaces to prevent the formation of deposits and/or to remove the deposits already formed by cleaning the injectors. Examples of such detergents are the products resulting from the condensation of polyalkenyl succinic anhydrides with polyamines, such as tetraethylenepentamine ("TEPA"), described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,172,892. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0008] The compositions of the invention may be utilized as detergents to prevent formation of deposits and/or remove already formed deposits in injectors, such as fuel injectors, and/or valves, including intake valves. [0009] In one aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to novel fuel compositions comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0010] In another aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to novel gasoline compositions comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a hydrocarbon, (b) a Mannich detergent and (c) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0011] In yet another aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to gasoline additive compositions comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0012] In still yet another aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to a method of preventing injector fouling, such as in a fuel injector, comprising contacting the injector with a composition comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0013] In another aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to a method of preventing deposits in a valve, such as an intake valve comprising contacting the valve with a novel composition comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0014] In yet another aspect, the disclosure herein is directed to an engine comprising a novel composition comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0015] The present disclosure is directed to novel fuel compositions comprising, or consisting essentially of, (a) a Mannich detergent and (b) a succinimide that is a reaction product of (i) an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride having an average molecular weight of about 250 to about 3000 and (ii) an amine-containing polyalkylene polymer having an average molecular weight of about 100 to about 750, wherein the alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and the amine-containing polyalkylene polymer are present in the reaction at a molar ratio of about 2.0:1.0 to about 1.0:1.3. [0016] As used herein, the singular forms "a" or "an" or "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to "an alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride" includes a composition comprising only one specific alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride, as well as a composition comprising a mixture of alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydrides. [0017] As used herein, the term "about" encompasses the range of experimental error that occurs in any measurement. [0018] As used herein, the term "present in the reaction" indicates that the starting materials utilized to generate the succinimide included in the novel composition are mixed and/or blended under conditions that should result in the formation of the succinimide. [0019] The invention provides both a gasoline additive concentrate and a finished or additized gasoline fuel product. Mannich Detergents [0020] The Mannich detergents utilized in the novel compositions can be obtained by reacting an alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, an aldehyde and an amine in a Mannich condensation reaction, as described herein. 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