Filter   

Abstract: The invention relates to filtering systems having high adsorbent and filtering properties. A filter comprising an adsorbent powder placed in a nonwoven material, wherein an adsorbent powder of 0.01-10 μm, or 0.01-40 μm, or 0.01-100 μm, or 40-100 μm, or 40-500 μm, or 40-1000 μm, or 100-500 μm, or 100-1000 μm, or 100-2000 μm, or 1000-2000 μm particles size is placed in a nonwoven filtering material with a density of 50-1500 kg/m3 through impregnating said nonwoven filtering material with aqueous suspension containing the adsorbent, which is prepared in a ratio as one part of water and one part of the adsorbent or in such a ratio that enables the aqueous suspension containing the adsorbent to impregnate said nonwoven filtering material.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a U.S. national stage application of the PCT application PCT/RU2011/000134 filed on 3 Mar. 2011, whose disclosure is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference, which PCT application claims priority of a Russian Federation application RU2010110433 filed on 19 Mar. 2010.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to filtering systems having high adsorbent and filtering properties. The invention is intended for filtering gases and solutions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Adsorbents and nonwoven materials are currently used in filters. An adsorbent having high adsorbing capacity is placed in the nonwoven materials. Nonwoven materials are used to hold the adsorbent particles in gaseous and liquid flows and also as a filter to entrap substances of micron size.

It is obvious, when the surface area per unit volume of an adsorbent in the filter is larger then the adsorption level is higher. Adsorbent surface area may be enlarged by means of two known methods: a) increasing the amount of an adsorbent in the filter, or b) using a fine-powder adsorbent of micron size. However, filter manufactures do not use or cannot use the aforesaid methods since the increase of the amount of an adsorbent in a filter or usage of a fine-powder adsorbent of micron size:

Reduces filter efficiency, while rising the excessive filter pressure to increase filtration under the same filtering efficiency is not cost-effective and/or viable and/or feasible,

Adsorbent is not trapped in the nonwoven material.

It is known a cigarette filter, consisting of an acetate fiber with an adsorbent placed inside —see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigarette_filter. The drawback of said embodiment is the low filtration of harmful substances due to the small surface area per unit volume of an adsorbent in the filter.

The closest to the technical essence of the given invention, i.e. the prototype of the invention, aimed at the improvement of filtration of substances from gases and solutions, is the international patent application PCT/IB2005/004001 (WO/2006/064371). The drawback of the prototype is the insufficient level of filtration of harmful substances contained in the cigarette smoke due to the small surface area per unit volume of an adsorbent in the filter.

For the purposes of a proper understanding of terms used in the present invention the following terminology has been used:

Adsorbents are artificial and natural materials with large surface having high capacity properties to adsorb substances from gases and solutions surrounding an adsorbent. Adsorbing properties of an adsorbent depend on chemical composition and physical condition of the surface area, porosity nature and surface area per unit volume of an adsorbent (i.e a surface area per 1 g of substance). Among primary adsorbents are charcoal, silica-gels, alumina-silica-gels, carbon-black, oxides and hydro-oxides of some metals (mainly, aluminum), sponge metals, natural minerals, clays (bentonite).

Nonwoven materials are materials, fabrics and items made of fiber, filaments and/or other types of natural and/or synthetic materials without spinning and weaving. Nonwoven materials are nitron, sintepon, laysan, capron, foam rubber, fiberglass, silica fiber and basalt fiber and other known nonwoven materials.

The technical result of the invention is the development of a new filter, comprising an adsorbent powder placed in a nonwoven material, with higher filtration level as compared to those known in the art. The technical result according to the embodiment of the invention is achieved as follows:

A filter comprising an adsorbent powder placed in a nonwoven material, wherein an adsorbent powder of 0.01-10 μm, or 0.01-40 μm, or 0.01-100 μm, or 40-100 μm, or 40-500 μm, or 40-1000 μm, or 100-500 μm, or 100-1000 μm, or 100-2000 μm, or 1000-2000 μm particles size is placed in a nonwoven filtering material with a density of 50-1500 kg/m3 through impregnating said nonwoven filtering material with aqueous suspension containing the adsorbent, which is prepared in a ratio as one part of water and one part of the adsorbent or in such a ratio that enables the aqueous suspension containing the adsorbent to impregnate said nonwoven filtering material.

FIGURE attached hereto shows a filtering device intended for filtrating substances from gases and solutions.

Said filtering device consists of a cylinder body 1, filter cover 2, solution inlet 3, solution outlet 4, filtering cassette 5 of nonwoven material, wherein an adsorbent is evenly placed, and a filter cover 6.

The principle of operation of the filtering device intended for filtrating substances from gases and solutions is as follows: one or several filter cassettes 5, consisting of a nonwoven material with adsorbent, are inserted into the cylinder body 1 through the filter cover 2. The cover 2 is tightly closed, and then the gas or solution to be filtered is pumped or flows freely though the inlet 3. Said gas or solution passes through one or several filtering cassettes 5 and goes out from the outlet 4 as a filtrate.

The invention may be applicable in the filters used for filtrating substances from gases and solutions.