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Analyzer for measuring blood gas parametersAnalyzer for measuring blood gas parameters description/claimsThe Patent Description & Claims data below is from USPTO Patent Application 20090163792, Analyzer for measuring blood gas parameters. Brief Patent Description - Full Patent Description - Patent Application Claims
The present invention relates generally to analytical test devices and, more particularly, to a method and device for measuring blood gas parameters, preferably pH, pCO2, and PO2, in a blood sample, where the blood sample of a patient is fed into at least one measuring cell of an analyzer. In the blood gas multi-analyzers described in the literature and commercially available the measuring cells are thermo-stabilized at body temperature, i.e., at 37.0° C. Besides measuring the blood gas parameters pH, pCO2 and pO2, these analyzers are used to measure electrolytes, metabolic parameters and Hb-derivatives. For this reason the maximum operating temperature of such analyzers should always be somewhat lower than the temperature of the measuring cell and lies between 31° C. and 33° C. in commercially available devices. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,548,259 A a measuring cell is described in the context of a chemical analyzer for photometric measurement of a liquid sample, which is thermostabilized by being provided on opposing walls with thermoelements, e.g., Peltier elements, the side walls of the measuring cell furthermore being provided with temperature sensors for measuring the cell temperature. After a sample has been fed into the measuring cell, the cell may be heated or cooled by means of the Peltier elements—depending on the output signal of the temperature sensors—until a predetermined working temperature in the range of 37° C.±0.2° C. is attained. The device described is suitable for the photometric measurement of blood samples, for instance, during which temperature must be kept constant. From DE 26 51 356 A1 a measuring device for the photometry of liquid samples is known, in which a Peltier element is proposed as a heat-source or heat-sink for the thermo-stabilization of small measuring vessels (and thus small measurement samples). This permits rapid and highly accurate adjustment of the working temperature (preferably 30° C.) of the measuring device. Finally, a blood gas analyzer is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,717,548, which determines blood gas parameters, such as pH, pCO2, PO2 and temperature, in an extracorporeal blood flow situation, for instance during open-heart surgery, and which records the individual signals in real time. The signals are used for parameter monitoring and may activate alarm and switching functions when preset values are exceeded. If conventional blood gas multi-analyzers are used for blood gas analysis with patients whose body temperature deviates from the normal temperature (37° C.), for instance in special surgery cases during which body temperature is artificially lowered, it is standard practice to correct the values for pH, pCO2 and pO2 obtained from the measuring device with the use of mathematical models, in order to find the medically relevant values at the actual body temperature of the patient. Such corrections are rather imprecise, however, and errors of up to 50% may occur. It is against the above background that the present invention provides certain unobvious advantages and advancements over the prior art. In particular, the inventors have recognized a need for improvements in methods and devices for measuring blood gas parameters. Although the present invention is not limited to specific advantages or functionality, it is noted that the present invention provides a method for measuring blood gas parameters, preferably pH, pCO2 and pO2, of a blood sample, and an analyzing device for application of the method, which permits the determining of accurate values for the blood gas parameters even in cases where the temperature of the patient deviates from normal temperature. The partial pressures (pCO2, pO2) and the pH-value are measured at the actual temperature of the patient, thus giving values which are of immediate physiological relevance, and rendering superfluous any error-prone subsequent mathematical correction of the measured values. The values obtained permit rapid medical action and provide a basis for emergency measures. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a method for measuring blood gas parameters in a blood sample from a patient is provided, comprising measuring the temperature of the patient or blood sample upon sample withdrawal, feeding the blood sample into at least one measuring cell of an analyzer for measuring blood gas parameters, transmitting the measured temperature to the analyzer, and adjusting the temperature of the at least one measuring cell of the analyzer to the measured temperature. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, an analyzing device implementing the method of the invention is characterized by a regulating and control unit, which permits regulating the temperature of the measuring cell in the range from 22° C. to 40° C. depending on the temperature of the blood or the patient measured at the time of sampling. The method according to the invention will permit a stable temperature regimen for the measuring cell even at operating or ambient temperatures which are higher than the temperature of the measuring cell. The measuring cell can be cooled or heated to the measured temperature before the blood sample is entered into the analyzer and if sample entry is enabled only after this temperature is reached. During an operation the anesthetist or internist is assisted by this arrangement since the analyzer will automatically signal when sample entry may take place from the point of view of measurement accuracy. The blood temperature or the temperature of the patient may be measured in the conventional way by means of a thermometer or measuring probe and entered manually into the analyzer via an entry device (keyboard or touchscreen). Measurement of the temperature, data entry into the analyzer, withdrawal of the blood sample and sample entry into the analyzer can all be effected within a time period of a few minutes, preferably. The process can be automated in such a way that the blood or patient temperature is measured by a temperature probe adapted to be capable of being placed inside or on the patient, and the temperature data are transmitted automatically to the analyzer. In this case, the temperature of the measuring cell can be continually adjusted synchronously with the actual temperature measured. For this purpose the patient temperature may be measured on various parts of the body by means of thermometers, temperature sensors or infrared measuring cells. For accurately determining the basal temperature the placing of a sensor in the anal region is indicated. The measurement signal can be amplified directly in the measuring probe, can be converted in an A/D-converter, and can be transmitted noise-free over a distance of a few meters to the analyzer interface as an IF or RF signal. Transmission via cable is also possible. These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed description of the invention taken together with the accompanying claims. It is noted that the scope of the claims is defined by the recitations therein and not by the specific discussion of features and advantages set forth in the present description. The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention can be best understood when read in conjunction with the following drawing, where like structure is indicated with like reference numerals and in which: Continue reading about Analyzer for measuring blood gas parameters... 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